In many Chinese cities,motorized vehicles （M-vehicles） move slowly at intersections due to the interference of a large number of non-motorized vehicles （NM-vehicles）.The slow movement makes a part of M-vehicles fa...In many Chinese cities,motorized vehicles （M-vehicles） move slowly at intersections due to the interference of a large number of non-motorized vehicles （NM-vehicles）.The slow movement makes a part of M-vehicles fail to leave intersections timely after the traffic signal tums red,and thereby conflicts between vehicles from two directions occur.The phenomenon was analyzed graphically by using the cumulative vehicle curve.Delays in three cases were modeled and compared：NM-vehicle priorities and M-vehicle priorities with all-red intervals unable to release all vehicles,and longer all-red intervals ensuring release all vehicles.Marginal delays caused by two illegal behaviors that occasionally happened in mixed traffic intersections were also investigated.It is concluded that increasing the speed of M-vehicles leaving intersections and postponing the entering of NM-vehicles are the keys in mathematics,although they are uneasy in disordered mixed traffic intersections due to a dilemma between efficiency and orders in reality.The results could provide implications for the traffic management in the cities maintaining a large number of M-and NM-vehicles.展开更多
【目的】对城市交叉口采用的左转非机动车信号灯设施进行交通安全性量化评估。【方法】提出一种基于拓展碰撞时间(extended time to collision,ETTC)指标的左转非机动车信号灯安全效应评估方法。针对现有的碰撞时间(time to collision,T...【目的】对城市交叉口采用的左转非机动车信号灯设施进行交通安全性量化评估。【方法】提出一种基于拓展碰撞时间(extended time to collision,ETTC)指标的左转非机动车信号灯安全效应评估方法。针对现有的碰撞时间(time to collision,TTC)指标不适于评估交叉口左转非机动车冲突的问题,考虑非机动车车辆尺寸与加速度对交通冲突的影响,采用拓展碰撞时间指标,评估交叉口非机动车交通冲突。收集长沙市4个信号交叉口的视频大数据,利用视频软件Tracker提取车辆微观轨迹后,开展案例分析。【结果】左转非机动车信号灯在时间上明确了非机动车的通行权,其设置能显著降低非机动车冲突率,在平峰、高峰时段非机动车冲突率分别降低了40.11%、25.27%。在直行相位末期、左转相位即将启亮时,设置组的左转非机动车在待行区等待,冲突率降为0;而对比组近50%的非机动车违规左转,冲突严重。设置左转非机动车信号灯的改善效果随非机动车流量的增大呈先增加后降低趋势,而随机动车流量的增大呈逐步波动下降趋势。【结论】本研究揭示了非机动车左转信号灯的设置对减少交叉口交通冲突的影响,可为城市交叉口非机动车交通安全管控提供有益参考。展开更多
选取长沙市中心区4个典型信号交叉口,利用视频轨迹追踪软件,提取右转机动车与直行非机动车的冲突交通流轨迹数据。以减速、换道等避险行为与可能发生碰撞(距离碰撞点时间小于2 s)为依据,采集机非冲突样本;选择距离碰撞最大时间(MTTC)和...选取长沙市中心区4个典型信号交叉口,利用视频轨迹追踪软件,提取右转机动车与直行非机动车的冲突交通流轨迹数据。以减速、换道等避险行为与可能发生碰撞(距离碰撞点时间小于2 s)为依据,采集机非冲突样本;选择距离碰撞最大时间(MTTC)和冲突时间差(TDTC)作为评价指标,提出一种基于交通流运行轨迹的改进型TTC(Time to Collision)法的机非冲突判别方法。选择某实例交叉口,分别采用TTC法、改进型TTC法和后侵入时间(PET)法,评估得到右转机动车与直行非机动车的冲突数,分别为7,24,22次。结果表明,传统的TTC法低估了交叉口的机非冲突水平,改进型TTC法的判别准确率提高了2.14倍,证明了方法的可行性。展开更多
基金Project(2012CB725403)supported by the National Key Research Program of ChinaProject(71131001)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012JBM064)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘In many Chinese cities,motorized vehicles （M-vehicles） move slowly at intersections due to the interference of a large number of non-motorized vehicles （NM-vehicles）.The slow movement makes a part of M-vehicles fail to leave intersections timely after the traffic signal tums red,and thereby conflicts between vehicles from two directions occur.The phenomenon was analyzed graphically by using the cumulative vehicle curve.Delays in three cases were modeled and compared：NM-vehicle priorities and M-vehicle priorities with all-red intervals unable to release all vehicles,and longer all-red intervals ensuring release all vehicles.Marginal delays caused by two illegal behaviors that occasionally happened in mixed traffic intersections were also investigated.It is concluded that increasing the speed of M-vehicles leaving intersections and postponing the entering of NM-vehicles are the keys in mathematics,although they are uneasy in disordered mixed traffic intersections due to a dilemma between efficiency and orders in reality.The results could provide implications for the traffic management in the cities maintaining a large number of M-and NM-vehicles.
文摘【目的】对城市交叉口采用的左转非机动车信号灯设施进行交通安全性量化评估。【方法】提出一种基于拓展碰撞时间(extended time to collision,ETTC)指标的左转非机动车信号灯安全效应评估方法。针对现有的碰撞时间(time to collision,TTC)指标不适于评估交叉口左转非机动车冲突的问题,考虑非机动车车辆尺寸与加速度对交通冲突的影响,采用拓展碰撞时间指标,评估交叉口非机动车交通冲突。收集长沙市4个信号交叉口的视频大数据,利用视频软件Tracker提取车辆微观轨迹后,开展案例分析。【结果】左转非机动车信号灯在时间上明确了非机动车的通行权,其设置能显著降低非机动车冲突率,在平峰、高峰时段非机动车冲突率分别降低了40.11%、25.27%。在直行相位末期、左转相位即将启亮时,设置组的左转非机动车在待行区等待,冲突率降为0;而对比组近50%的非机动车违规左转,冲突严重。设置左转非机动车信号灯的改善效果随非机动车流量的增大呈先增加后降低趋势,而随机动车流量的增大呈逐步波动下降趋势。【结论】本研究揭示了非机动车左转信号灯的设置对减少交叉口交通冲突的影响,可为城市交叉口非机动车交通安全管控提供有益参考。
文摘选取长沙市中心区4个典型信号交叉口,利用视频轨迹追踪软件,提取右转机动车与直行非机动车的冲突交通流轨迹数据。以减速、换道等避险行为与可能发生碰撞(距离碰撞点时间小于2 s)为依据,采集机非冲突样本;选择距离碰撞最大时间(MTTC)和冲突时间差(TDTC)作为评价指标,提出一种基于交通流运行轨迹的改进型TTC(Time to Collision)法的机非冲突判别方法。选择某实例交叉口,分别采用TTC法、改进型TTC法和后侵入时间(PET)法,评估得到右转机动车与直行非机动车的冲突数,分别为7,24,22次。结果表明,传统的TTC法低估了交叉口的机非冲突水平,改进型TTC法的判别准确率提高了2.14倍,证明了方法的可行性。
