Comparison of four clinical scores for the predicting lower limb deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients

Objective：To evaluate Wells, Kahn, St.Andr 6 and Constans scores for the prediction of deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients. Methods：One hundred and seventy-two patients, prospectively, blinded referred for evaluation with four clinical-score systems for suspected deep venous thrombosis, were examined by ultrasonography. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and receiver operation curves were calculated for four clinical scores. The difference between areas of the ROC curve for each of the scores was compared with others and reference line. Results：Forty-six of 172 patients had deep venous thrombosis proven by sonography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for Wells score was 91.3%, 57.1%, 43.8% and 94.7%, respectively, for Kahn score; 65.2%, 71.4%, 45.5% and 84.9%, respectively, for St.Andr 6 score; 63%, 38.9%, 27.4% and 74.2% respectively, for Constans score; 95.7%, 34.9%, 34.9% and 95.7% respectively. Area under ROV curve of Constans score was 0.814, which was similar to that of Wells score, then followed by Kahn score and that of St.Andr 6 score was no difference with the reference line. Conclusion：Based on the results of our study, the sensitivity, negative prediction value and area under ROC curve are larger for Constans score and Wells score in Chinese hospitalized patients than that of Kahn score or St.Andr 6 score. Considering the aim of the clinical assessment, Constans score and Wells score are more efficient for Chinese hospitalized patients.

Analysis thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities

Objective: To explore the effect of thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity. Methods: The clinical data of 106 patients at the early stage of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities treated by thrombolysis with anticoagulation and dispersion drugs were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The thrombolytic effect was significant. After treatment, the deep veins were recanalized without regurgitation in 75.3% of the patients. The total effective rate was 100%. Only three patients had hemorrhagic complication, but none of the patients died. Conclusion: Thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment is an effective and safe method for DVT at the early stage.

Meta analysis of clinical efficacy of combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of venous ulcer of lower extremities

Objective: To test the therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on venous ulcer of lower limbs by Meta analysis method, and then to propose the best clinical treatment scheme. Methods: Domestic databases in the past 20 years (January 1999-December 2019) were searched by computer, including China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang and CBM. Literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cochrane risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature. Two-classification method was used to extract data. RevMan 5.3 software was used to make statistical analysis of the data. Results: Eleven articles were finally included, totaling 1,576 patients, 804 cases in the treatment group and 772 cases in the control group. Meta-analysis results show that there is no difference in heterogeneity and bias among the included literatures. The total effective rate (risk ratio [RR]=1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.09-1.15) of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in treating venous ulcer of lower limbs is higher, which is obviously better than that of western medicine alone. Conclusion: Through data analysis, it is concluded that in the study population, the treatment of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine has a significant effect on venous ulcer of lower limbs. Make up for the deficiency of simple western medicine treatment, improve the cure rate and reduce the recurrence rate. However, there is currently a lack of relevant high-quality literature, so a large sample size, rigorous and standardized experimental design and randomized double-blind clinical study are needed to further test the conclusions.

Deep Venous Thrombosis: Commonly Affected Veins in the Lower Limbs

Aim and Objectives: This study aimed to record the commonly affected veins in the lower limbs, to compare the affected sides and gender and to correlate the Doppler findings and stages of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Materials and Methods: A descriptive retrospective study of 46 already diagnosed cases of lower limb DVT. Results: Out of 46 cases of DVT, 71.74% were females. The majority of patients (93.47%) were affected in unilateral lower limb with significant predominance (65.22%) to affect the left lower limb (p Conclusion: Lower limb deep venous thrombosis affects left lower limb more than right and females more than males. Superficial femoral vein (SFV) and common femoral vein (CFV) are the most common affected veins. Lower limb DVT predominantly present in acute stage with venous distension and absent blood flow.

Pitfalls and sources of error of color duplex ultrasonography in detecting deep vein thrombosis of proximal lower extremities

Purpose To analyze the sources of errors and discuss the techniques to eliminate pitfalls in detecting deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the proximal lower extremities with color duplex ultrasonography (CDUS). Methods Sixty-eight cases with initial and repeat venous CDUS of the proximal lower extremities were retrospectively reviewed. The repeat was done within 24 hours after initial CDUS scanning. Comparing repeated images to initial ones, the pitfalls and sources of error in CDUS of the proximal lower extremities were discussed. Results In total 68 repeat studies, there were 62 results as same as initials and 4 cases of false negative DVT and 2 cases of false positive DVT. Conclusion Venous CDUS in detecting DVT is observer dependent. Some pitfalls and errors can be eliminated and corrected with proper scan techniques. CDUS is the most valuable imaging modality for assessing suspected DVT in the proximal lower extremities.

Application of negative pressure closed drainage in the treatment of venous ulcer of lower limbs

Venous ulcer of lower extremities is a serious manifestation of venous insufficiency of lower extremities in the later stage,which is characterized by inflammatory exudation at the initial stage,followed by skin rupture,and finally forms the whole layer of skin atrophy and necrosis,which does not heal for a long time.How to promote ulcer healing is the most important problem in the treatment of venous ulcers of lower extremities.Vacuum sealing drainage(VSD)is constantly used in clinic and plays a unique advantage in wound healing.This paper mainly reviews the present situation of venous ulcer of lower extremities and summary,principle,application progress,attentions and prospect of VSD at home and abroad.

Clinical Application of Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stent Implantation in Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Purpose: To analyze the application of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting in acute deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities. Methods: 70 patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting. Results: The mean circumferential diameter difference between the affected limbs and the healthy limbs and the knees at 15 cm was statistically significant. The cure rate and effective rate of the research group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting are of high value in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Discussion on Prevention and Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Orthopedic Perioperative Period from Spleen and Stomach Meridians

Deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity is one of the common complications in orthopedic perioperative period.It is caused by many factors,such as peripheral vein dilation,slow blood flow;long-term immobilization,bed rest and so on.On the one hand,it affects the early postoperative functional exercise and functional recovery,on the other hand,it increases the length of hospital stay and economic burden,increases the pain of patients and even endangers their lives.Effective treatment of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine can play a better role in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.This study expounds the concept of spleen and stomach meridians in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,and puts forward some opinions on the dialectical treatment and daily conditioning of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,hoping to provide ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in traditional Chinese medicine.

Manual aspiration thrombectomy for acute and subacute inferior vena cava thrombosis and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis

Deep vein thrombosis(DVT), which can lead to pulmonary embolism(PE), is a major contributor to the global disease burden and is the third most common cardiovascular pathology after coronary artery disease and stroke. Venous thromboembolic disease, which encompasses the disease entities of DVT and PE, affects up to 10 million cases every year and represents a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. Standard anticoagulation therapy alone is ineffective at promoting deep venous system thrombus removal. Many patients develop postthrombotic syndrome(PTS) despite being on adequate anticoagulation therapy. Aggressive therapy for rapid thrombus removal is important to prevent the development of PTS. Besides impeding the onset of PTS, rapid clearance of the thrombus is also required in the treatment of phlegmasia cerulea dolens, an uncommon but life-threatening complication of acute DVT that can lead to arterial insufficiency, compartment syndrome, venous gangrene, and limb amputation. Manual aspiration thrombectomy(MAT) can provide rapid and effective therapy that could be compared to the open surgical thrombectomy approach with minimal risk of morbidity, mortality, or recurrence after surgery. Though many devices have been developed to date for pharmacomechanical thrombolysis, the cost of the treatment using these devices is very expensive. MAT is simple to perform, easy to learn, inexpensive, and rapid. This review will outline and dissect several studies and case reports, sourced from the Pub Med database, on the subject of the use of MAT in treating inferior vena cava thrombosis and lower extremity DVT, including in patients with compression of the iliac vein and phlegmasia cerulea dolens.

Two-point compression ultrasonography: Enough to rule out lower extremity deep venous thrombosis?

BACKGROUND: Deep venous thrombosis(DVT) is a major cause of morbidity and is a common presenting complaint to the emergency department(ED). Point-of-care two-point compression ultrasonography has evolved as a quick and effective way of diagnosing DVT. The purpose of this study is to validate the prevalence and distribution of venous thrombi isolated to proximal lower extremity veins, other than common femoral and popliteal veins in patients with DVT.METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study that looked at patients presenting to the ED of a tertiary care hospital between January 2014 and August 2018. The clinical presentation and laboratory and imaging results were obtained using the hospital's electronic medical record.RESULTS: A total of 2,507 patients underwent a lower extremity duplex ultrasound during the study period. Among them, 379(15%) were included in the study. The percentages of isolated thrombi to the femoral vein and deep femoral vein were 7.92% and 0.53%, respectively. When the patients were stratified into the two groups of isolated DVT and two-point compression DVT, there were no statistically significant differences in the laboratory results between both groups. However, immobilized patients and patients with recent surgeries were more likely to have an isolated DVT.CONCLUSIONS: Thrombi isolated to proximal lower extremity veins other than the common femoral and popliteal veins make up 8.45% of DVTs. Given this significant number of missed DVTs, the authors recommend the addition of the femoral and deep femoral veins to the two-point compression exam.

Preventing Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis After Hip Fracture Surgery in Elderly Patients by Acupoint Application Combined with Pneumatic Compression Therapy

Objective:To investigate and analyze the long-term clinical effects of acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis after hip fracture surgery among the elderly.Methods:Sixty elderly patients who had undergone hip fracture surgery from February 2021 to February 2022 were selected as the research subjects.The patients were divided into two groups via drawing lots.Both the groups received nursing care,but the patients in the observation group were treated with TCM acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy,whereas the control group received pneumatic compression therapy.The evaluation indicators included the patients’quality of life and complications.Results:The incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was more than twice(0.3%),whereas the incidence of lower extremity complications in the control group was more than 6 times(20%).There was a significant difference between the two groups(p<0.05).Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy is beneficial for the prevention of postoperative lower extremity deep vein thrombosis among elderly patients.In addition,the patients’overall quality-of-life scores in both physiological and psychological aspects improved significantly,which carries significant clinical reference value.

Analysis of curative effect of Bingxiao powder on lower limb deep vein thrombosis

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Bingxiao powder on edema caused by deep venous thrombosis in lower limb thrombosis.Methods:Selected in our hospital from September 2017 to April 2019 of 122 patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis caused by edema.The patients were divided into two groups:Bingxio powder(61 cases)and magnesium sulfate(61 cases),the circumference difference of lower leg and thigh,the integral of edema and pain,the effective rate and the satisfaction rate of curative effect were compared between the two groups of patients with edema caused by thrombosis of lower limb.Results:in the observation group,the peripheral diameter difference of calf(1.08±0.21)cm,the peripheral diameter difference of thigh(1.76±0.28),the edema score(1.09±0.22)and the pain score(1.34±0.25)were all lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The effective rate(95.08%)and satisfaction rate(96.72%)of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Bingxiao powder can reduce the edema symptoms and pain symptoms of patients with edema caused by deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs,and reduce the circumference difference of the lower leg and thigh,with significant clinical effect.

利伐沙班和低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期的应用效果分析

目的分析利伐沙班和低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期的应用效果。方法选取2020年6月至2021年10月于厦门大学附属中山医院就诊的老年粗隆间骨折围手术期患者130例为研究对象。按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组65例。对照组采用低分子肝素皮下注射预防血栓,观察组采用利伐沙班口服预防血栓。比较2组患者术前及术后2周的凝血指标,术后2周内下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)和肺栓塞的发生率,术中出血量、术后引流量及住院时间,术后1 d炎症相关指标。结果2组患者术前、术后2周组间和组内凝血相关指标差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后观察组下肢DVT发生率显著低于对照组[4.6%(3/65)比15.4%(10/65)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.188,P=0.041)。观察组与对照组术中出血量、术后引流量及住院时间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后1 d观察组降钙素原和C反应蛋白水平显著低于对照组[(0.17±0.02)μg/L比(0.22±0.01)μg/L、(20.2±2.3)mg/L比(23.9±3.6)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论利伐沙班与低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期均有良好的抗凝效果及安全性,但利伐沙班预防术后下肢DVT发生的效果更显著且口服用药更方便。

下肢动脉硬化闭塞病人介入术后并发DVT的风险预测列线图模型构建及验证

目的探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞病人介入术后并发深静脉血栓(DVT)的风险因素,并构建DVT风险预测列线图模型及进行验证。方法回顾性分析2018年6月至2022年5月在漯河市中心医院进行经皮腔内介入术治疗的374例下肢动脉硬化闭塞病人的临床资料,根据术后是否并发DVT而将病人分为并发DVT组与未并发DVT组。对比两组一般资料,采用多因素logistic回归分析法分析下肢动脉硬化闭塞介入术后并发DVT的危险因素,并利用R软件与rms程序构建DVT风险预测列线图模型,且应用caret程序包通过Bootstrap法对其进行内部验证,计算模型一致性指数(C-index),并绘制受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评价该模型的预测效能。结果374例下肢动脉硬化闭塞病人介入术后3个月内,DVT并发率为9.63%(36/374);并发DVT组年龄≥60岁占比、完全闭塞占比、术后卧床时间≥3 d占比及总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、D-二聚体(D-D)、血小板计数(PLT)均高于未并发DVT组[69.44%(25/36)比50.59%(171/338)、41.67%(15/36)比25.44%(86/338)、58.33%(21/36)比22.19%(75/338)、(4.96±1.02)mmol/L比(4.63±0.94)mmol/L、(2.09±0.26)mmol/L比(1.81±0.31)mmol/L、(3.65±0.54)mmol/L比(3.47±0.51)mmol/L、(3.45±0.62)g/L比(3.11±0.54)g/L、(0.67±0.11)mg/L比(0.38±0.06)mg/L、(246.85±42.74)×10^(9)/L比(205.16±39.68)×10^(9)/L](P<0.05),凝血酶时间(TT)低于未并发DVT组[(15.16±3.11)s比(16.33±3.14)s](P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示年龄≥60岁、术后卧床时间≥3 d、TG、FIB、D-D、PLT均是下肢动脉硬化闭塞介入术后并发DVT的危险因素(P<0.05);基于多因素logistic回归分析结果而构建下肢动脉硬化闭塞介入术后并发DVT的风险预测列线图模型,其校正曲线结果显示标准曲线与校准预测曲线具有良好的贴合度;该模型C-index为0.88(0.81~0.89),ROC曲线下面积为0.85[95%CI:(0.78,0.91),Z=9.54,P<0.001]。结论基于年龄、术后卧床时间、TG、FIB、D-D、PLT构建的下肢动脉硬化闭塞病人介入术后并发DVT风险预测列线图模型具有较好的预测能力与区分能力,对临床筛选高风险人群具有较高的指导价值。

基于诺莫图构建髋部骨折患者发生下肢深静脉血栓的预测模型

目的探讨髋部骨折患者发生下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的独立危险因素,并构建和验证列线图模型。方法选择2020年1月至2023年6月佛山市中医院骨科收治的髋部骨折患者227例为研究对象,按照7∶3比例将患者分为建模组(n=159)和验证组(n=68)。收集患者的临床资料,采用LASSO回归和Logistic回归筛选髋部骨折患者发生DVT的独立危险因素,建立风险预测模型和列线图。采用一致性指数(C-index)、校准曲线、受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线进行评价。结果建模组159例髋部骨折中发生DVT 33例,发生率为20.89%。LASSO回归结合多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥70岁、糖尿病、受伤至手术时间≥5 d、低蛋白血症、D-二聚体>0.5是髋部骨折患者发生DVT的独立危险因素。基于上述危险因素绘制列线图模型,将上述5个危险因素构建列线图模型,模型区分度良好(C-index=0.932);Hosmer-Lemeshow检验显示,列线图的拟合优度良好(χ^(2)=57.625,P=0.732)。建模组和验证组发生DVT的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.932、0.821,模型准确度高。结论年龄≥70岁、糖尿病、受伤至手术时间≥5 d、低蛋白血症、D-二聚体>0.5是髋部骨折患者发生DVT的独立危险因素,基于上述因子构建的列线图模型可有效预测髋部骨折患者发生DVT的风险。

股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓并发症影响因素分析及Nomogram模型建立

目的探讨股骨粗隆间骨折手术后早期发生下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素,并进行Nomogram模型构建。方法选取2018年1月—2020年12月于华北石油管理局总医院行股骨粗隆间骨折手术的120例患者,术后早期发生下肢深静脉血栓13例。按照术后住院期间是否发生下肢深静脉血栓分为并发症组和无并发症组。采用多因素Logistics分析术后发生并发症的风险并构建Nomogram模型。结果并发症组患者住院时长、术后住院时间、治疗总费用均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,骨折类型、合并慢性病种类、贫血输血、骨折发病时长是术后下肢深静脉血栓的潜在影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将单因素有统计学差异的变量进行Logistics多因素分析,合并慢性病种类、贫血输血、骨折发病时长是股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。采用内部数据进行验证,C-index为0.746(95%CI:0.596~0.935),该Nomogram模型预测与实际观测结果吻合度较好。结论术前合并慢性病≥3种、贫血输血、骨折发病时长>1 d是股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素。本研究构建的Nomogram模型有助于指导医师完善个性化围手术期治疗方案。

急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓应用低分子肝素钙治疗的效果评估

目的 讨论在急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓患者中使用低分子肝素钙治疗的效果,并评估其安全性。方法 选取50例急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组与治疗组,每组25例。对照组给予脑卒中常规治疗,治疗组给予脑卒中常规治疗联合低分子肝素钙治疗。比较两组临床疗效、临床预后[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分]、静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)风险[无手术患者静脉血栓栓塞风险评分表(Padua)评分]、不良反应(血小板减少、注射部位皮肤变化、肝肾功能异常、出血)发生率。结果 治疗组总有效率为80%,对照组总有效率为52%,治疗组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组NIHSS评分(7.08±1.29)分低于对照组的(11.24±1.20)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组Padua评分(2.28±1.02)分低于对照组的(4.40±1.35)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组不良反应发生率为28%(7/25),对照组不良反应发生率为32%(8/25),两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 低分子肝素钙可以促进急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓患者肢体功能恢复,减少不良反应发生,在急性缺血性脑卒中伴发下肢深静脉血栓的治疗中取得理想效果。

集束化护理对防治脑出血术后下肢深静脉血栓及缓解负性情绪的应用效果分析

目的:探讨集束化护理在预防脑出血术后患者下肢深静脉栓塞及缓解负性情绪方面的应用效果,为临床护理提供依据。方法:选取2018年11月—2020年3月广西医科大学第一附属医院收治的118例脑出血患者作为研究对象,根据入院的先后顺序将其分为对照组和实验组,每组各59例。对照组患者采用常规护理,实验组患者在常规护理基础上实施集束化护理干预。比较两组患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率、心理状态[焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分]、D-二聚体水平及护理满意度情况。结果:实验组患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.867,P<0.05)。干预后,实验组患者SAS评分、SDS评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.985、5.012,P<0.05)。干预后,实验组患者D-二聚体水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.586,P<0.05)。实验组患者护理满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.768,P<0.05)。结论:对脑出血术后患者实施集束化护理干预,可预防患者下肢深静脉血栓,改善患者负性情绪,降低D-二聚体浓度,提高患者护理满意度。

创伤性膝关节骨性关节炎患者行关节镜微骨折术效果及术后下肢静脉血栓形成危险因素分析

目的 分析创伤性膝关节骨性关节炎(TKOA)患者行关节镜微骨折术效果及术后下肢静脉血栓形成危险因素。方法 回顾性选取2020年3月至2023年3月佳木斯市中心医院收治的80例TKOA患者进行研究,按照治疗方法不同将其分为对照组(n=30)与观察组(n=50)。对照组行常规膝关节手术,观察组行关节镜微骨折术,分析两组的临床治疗效果和下肢静脉血栓发生率。另根据术后是否发生下肢静脉血栓将观察组患者分为有血栓组和无血栓组,分析两组患者的一般特征,并建立多因素Logistic模型分析分析影响关节镜微骨折术后下肢静脉血栓形成的独立危险因素。结果 观察组的总有效率为96.00%,高于对照组(80.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组下肢静脉血栓发生率为24.00%,低于对照组(46.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与无血栓组比较,有血栓组年龄≥60岁、高血脂症、止血带应用时间>90 min、术后卧床时间≥3 d、手术时间≥1 h率和Caprini评分较高(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、高血脂症、止血带应用时间、术后卧床时间、手术时间、Caprini评分均是TKOA患者关节镜微骨折术后下肢静脉血栓形成的影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁、高血脂症、止血带应用时间>90 min、术后卧床时间≥3 d、手术时间≥1 h、Caprini评分均是TKOA患者关节镜微骨折术后下肢静脉血栓形成的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 关节镜微骨折术在TKOA治疗中效果较为显著,但受年龄过大、术后卧床时间和手术时间过长等因素影响极易引发下肢静脉血栓,只有加强对该类影响因素的预防干预,才能有效降低患儿的下肢静脉血栓形成风险。

椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉下手术的下肢骨折老年患者LDVT发生率比较

目的:比较椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉下手术对下肢骨折老年患者下肢深静脉血栓(LDVT)发生率的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年1月在永城市人民医院接受手术治疗的90例下肢骨折老年患者,依据随机数字表将全部患者均分为对照组(全身麻醉)与观察组(椎管内麻醉),各45例。比较两组患者手术情况、术后恢复情况、麻醉情况、术中生命体征、术后48 h运动功能状态,统计术后LDVT与麻醉并发症发生率。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后床旁活动时间及住院时间均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者麻醉生效时间、术后睁眼时间、语言陈述恢复时间、术中麻醉药物用量均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者麻醉后10 min(T1)、术毕即刻(T2)时心率、平均动脉压均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后48 h的运动功能分级优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(Z=2.183,P<0.05);观察组患者术后LDVT发生率与麻醉不良反应总发生率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉相比,能够有效降低下肢骨折老年患者术后LDVT发生风险。