Early faults prediction of running state of electromechanical systems and reconfigurable integration of series safety monitoring systems

Fault prediction technology of running state of electromechanical systems is one of the key technologies that ensure safe and reliable operation of electromechanical equipment in health state. For multiple types of modern, high-end and key electromechanical equipment, this paper will describe the early faults prediction method for multi-type electromechanical systems, which is favorable for predicting early faults of complex electromechanical systems in non-stationary, nonlinear, variable working conditions and long-time running state; the paper shall introduce the reconfigurable integration technology of series safety monitoring systems based on which the integrated development platform of series safety monitoring systems is built. This platform can adapt to integrated R&D of series safety monitoring systems characterized by high technology, multiple species and low volume. With the help of this platform, series safety monitoring systems were developed, and the Remote Network Security Monitoring Center for Facility Groups was built. Experimental research and engineering applications show that: this new fault prediction method has realized the development trend features extraction of typical electromechanical systems, multi-information fusion, intelligent information decision-making and so on, improving the processing accuracy, relevance and applicability of information; new reconfigurable integration technologies have improved the integration level and R&D efficiency of series safety monitoring systems as well as expanded the scope of application; the series safety monitoring systems developed based on reconfigurable integration platform has already played an important role in many aspects including ensuring safety operation of equipment, stabilizing product quality, optimizing running state, saving energy consumption, reducing environmental pollution, improving working conditions, carrying out scientific maintenance, advancing equipment utilization, saving maintenance charge and enhancing the level of information management.

Development of underground mine monitoring and communication system integrated ZigBee and GIS

An automated underground mine monitoring and communication system based on the integration of new technologies is introduced to promote safety and health,operational management and cost-effectiveness.The proposed system integration considering Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) assisted Geographic Information System(GIS) enables to monitor and control underground mining applications from surface office.Based on the capabilities of WSNs,ZigBee network is adapted for near real-time monitoring,ventilation system control and emergency communication in underground mine.ZigBee nodes were developed to sense environmental attributes such as temperature,humidity and gases concentration;switching ON and OFF ventilation fans;and texting emergency messages.A trigger action plan for monitored attributes above normal and threshold value limits is programmed in the surface GIS management server.It is designed to turn the auxiliary fans on remotely or automatically in orange condition and sending evacuation messages for underground miners in unsafe(red) condition.Multi-users operation and 3D visualisations are other successful achievements of the proposed system for the underground monitoring and communication.

Key techniques for evaluation of safety monitoring sensors in water conservancy and hydropower engineering

For the evaluation of construction quality and the verification of the design of water conservancy and hydropower engineering projects, and especially for the control of dam safety operation behavior, safety monitoring sensors are employed in a majority of engineering projects. These sensors are used to monitor the project during the dam construction and operation periods, and play an important role in reservoir safety operation and producing benefits. With the changing of operating environments and run-time of projects, there are some factors affecting the operation and management of projects, such as a certain amount of damaged sensors and instability of the measured data. Therefore, it is urgent to evaluate existing safety monitoring sensors in water conservancy and hydropower engineering projects. However, there are neither standards nor evaluation guidelines at present. Based on engineering practice, this study examined some key techniques for the evaluation of safety monitoring sensors, including the evaluation process of the safety monitoring system, on-site detection methods of two typical pieces of equipment, the differential resistor sensor and vibrating wire sensor, the on-site detection methods of communication cable faults, and a validity test of the sensor measured data. These key techniques were applied in the Xiaolangdi Water Control Project and Xiaoxi Hydropower Project. The results show that the measured data of a majority of sensors are reliable and reasonable, and can reasonably reflect the structural change behavior in the project operating process, indicating that the availabilities of the safety monitoring sensors of the two projects are high

A comparative study of dust control practices in Chinese and Australian longwall coal mines

Mine dust is one of the main hazards in underground longwall mines worldwide.In order to solve the mine dust problem,a significant number of studies have been carried out regarding longwall mine dust control,both in China and Australia.This paper presents a comparative study of dust control practices in Chinese and Australian longwall mines,with particular references to statutory limits,dust monitoring methods and dust management practices,followed by a brief discussion on the research status of longwall mine dust control in both countries.The study shows that water infusion,face ventilation controls,water sprays,and deep and wet cutting in longwall shearer operations are commonly practiced in almost all underground longwall mines and that both Chinese and Australian longwall mine dust control practices have their own advantages and disadvantages.It is concluded that there is a need for further development and innovative design of more effective dust mitigation products or systems despite the development of various dust control technologies.Based on the examinations and discussions,the authors have made some recommendations for further research and development in dust control in longwall mines.It is hoped that this comparative study will provide beneficial guidance for scholars and engineers who are engaging in longwall mine dust control research and practice.

Research on Mine Fan Speed Control System Based on the PLC control network

This paper designs a set of ventilation and dust removal in coal mine test device and PLC monitoring system. The ventilation and dust removal test device has a set of ventilation and dust removal functions, can automatically monitor air volume, air pressure, resistance and other performance parameters of ventilator and precipitator. The PLC monitoring system can remotely start and stop the variable frequency speed control on the ventilation machine and dust collector, and it can real-time monitor operation state, such as the running current and the parameters of ventilator and dust collector. The paper simulate and realize computer remote centralized monitoring of underground ventilation for mine ventilation system. The actual application shows that： the system is stable and reliable, simple operation, strong scalability.

川西高原某隧道幔源气逸出机理及防控研究

川西高原地区特殊的构造和岩性为幔源气提供了赋存环境。本文针对幔源气成因、出气段落超前地质预报探测原则、检测与监测进行了阐述,总结了幔源气出气段工作思路:(1)辨识幔源气类型及其不同浓度下的危害;(2)树立“物钻结合,长短结合”的超前地质预报理念;(3)加强气体的检测与监测,加强幔源气的通风管理。通过以上探测及防控手段,实现了对岩浆岩幔源气的可防可治,保证了施工安全。研究成果可为类似地质背景环境的隧道施工提供针对性探测及防控思路。

煤矿通风安全的技术应用与风险控制

煤矿通风安全一直是煤炭行业中的重点关注问题。随着现代科技的发展,煤矿通风安全的技术应用与风险控制得到了进一步的改进和完善。通过对煤矿通风系统进行研究,制定了新的安全技术和风险控制策略,可以提高煤矿通风系统的安全性和可靠性。

煤矿矿井工作中瓦斯防治技术及通风安全管理措施探究

煤矿矿井瓦斯的主要危害形式包括瓦斯喷出、突出、普通涌出以及爆炸,瓦斯具有易燃易爆性和窒息性,是煤矿安全管理的重点。结合煤矿矿井实例,针对以上几种常见危害类型制定出综合性的瓦斯防治技术措施,涵盖涌出量测定、煤层地质钻探、通风、抽放、引排、局部防突、区域防突、爆炸极限控制、引火源控制。在通风安全管理中,重点分析了需风量计算、工作面温度与风速,为系统通风设计提供量化的依据。研究内容较为全面,具有较强的工程指导意义。

床旁超声及PiCCO引导下液体复苏治疗脓毒性休克的效果及安全性研究

目的探讨床旁超声及脉搏指示剂连续心排血量监测(PiCCO)引导下液体复苏治疗脓毒性休克的效果及安全性。方法选择2019年1月至2023年5月淄博世博高新医院收治的80例脓毒症休克患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各40例。两组患者均接受脓毒症休克常规治疗,对照组患者在此基础上使用PiCCO引导下液体复苏治疗,观察组患者使用床旁超声引导下液体复苏治疗。比较两组患者的复苏6 h达标率、机械通气时间、住ICU时间、住院时间及治疗6 h、12 h后的复苏液体量、尿量;比较两组患者治疗前、治疗6 h后的平均动脉压(MAP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、中心静脉血氧饱和度(ScvO2);同时比较两组患者的肺水肿发生率及28 d死亡率。结果观察组患者的机械通气时间、住ICU时间分别为(3.29±0.54)d、(5.43±0.69)d,明显短于对照组的(4.31±1.03)d、(6.04±0.76)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组患者的复苏6 h达标率、住院时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者治疗6h、12 h后的复苏液体量分别为(1484.23±210.34)mL、(2034.32±275.83)mL,明显少于对照组的(1722.87±246.93)mL、(2311.17±355.95)mL,尿量分别为(237.34±30.41)mL、(432.50±73.81)mL,明显多于对照组(178.43±21.73)mL、(517.23±79.45)mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗6 h后,两组患者MAP、CVP、ScvO2均高于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组患者治疗6 h后的MAP、CVP、ScvO2比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者的肺水肿发生率为5.00%,明显低于对照组的20.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的28 d死亡率为17.50%,略低于对照组的22.50%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与PiCCO相比,床旁超声引导下液体复苏能缩短脓毒症患者的机械通气时间、住ICU时间,减少液体复苏量及肺水肿的发生率,安全性更好。

煤炭企业安全风险动态管控体系质量评价模型

建立科学合理的评价指标体系,开展安全风险动态管控体系质量评价,对于煤炭企业提升安全风险管控工作的科学性和可行性具有重要意义。针对动态变化的安全风险,对煤炭企业目前开展的双重预防机制建设、监测预警系统建设、应急处置等工作进行了解构和重组,构建形成“风险评估综合监测超前预警快速处置”煤炭企业安全风险动态管控框架,阐明各要素之间的信息流转和相互联系。在此基础上,根据相关法规标准要求、学界研究成果等,以事前预防为导向,按照简明扼要、便于操作、科学合理、重点突出的原则,从不同角度对“风险评估综合监测超前预警快速处置”四要素进行画像,进而提出煤炭企业安全风险动态管控体系质量评价指标体系和加权计算模型。通过对某国有重点煤炭企业进行评价实证,表明该模型能够科学客观地评价煤炭企业安全风险动态管控体系质量,为煤炭企业提升安全风险管控工作的科学性和可行性提供合理化建议。

基于6LoWPAN的智慧校园公共安全异常监控系统设计

在智慧校园网络中,监控系统无法准确捕获异常人员信息,是造成公共安全事件的主要原因;为提高智慧校园公共安全性,设计基于6LoWPAN的智慧校园公共安全异常监控系统;建立6LoWPAN网络,并在其中规范协议栈堆叠形式,完成基于6LoWPAN的智慧校园监控协议栈开发;利用6LoWPAN协议栈,划分功能性模块,以此为基础,建立人员信息采集模块、环境监测模块、门禁控制模块之间的连接关系,实现异常监控系统的应用部件设计;采用监控系统上位机节点,设置各级部件结构的模块运行条件,并联合相关应用部件,实现基于6LoWPAN的智慧校园公共安全异常监控系统设计;实验结果表明,在同一帧图像中,设计系统可以全部提取异常人员信息,且不会出现错误提取的情况,监控准确率高达100%,能够有效提高智慧校园公共安全性和异常监控准确性。

基于物联网的车内环境监测与通风系统设计

为解决车辆长时间在太阳直射以及气温高时,车内门窗紧闭会导致室内空气不流通的问题,文章设计一款基于物联网的车内环境监测与通风系统。该系统包括数据采集端、执行控制端、远程遥控端,通过车内环境传感器、车载雨量感应器等采集数据,将数据传输给核心控制器进行数据处理,AVR单片机通过控制车窗升降的电机,并运用远程遥控端实现远程控制车窗开启或关闭,实现车内环境监测与通风功能。该系统具有结构简单、实用性强等技术特点。

呼吸机相关肺炎目标性监测研究进展

呼吸机相关肺炎(Ventilator-associated pneumonia,VAP)是指机械通气48 h后至拔管后48 h内出现的肺炎,是医院获得性肺炎的重要类型。目前,VAP发病率较高,是医院感染防控的重点及难点,因此探索VAP目标性监测研究显得尤为重要。本文结合近年来国内外对VAP的研究文献,围绕VAP相关定义、发病机制、流行病学、病原菌及其耐药性、生物膜、危险因素、防控措施等方面进行综述。文献复习结果表明,VAP的主要发病机制是呼吸道及机体防御系统受损、机械通气时病原菌侵入及定植。引起VAP的病原菌通常以混合细菌感染为主,主要是革兰阴性菌。我国各级医院的VAP在病原菌分布及其耐药性情况差异较大。VAP的危险因素主要有:病原微生物定植、有创机械通气时间、高龄、急性生理与慢性健康Ⅱ评分(APACHEⅡ)高、血清白蛋白低、预防性使用抗菌药物、留置胃管、糖皮质激素的使用、使用抑酸剂、侵入性操作、使用镇静药物、床头未抬高30°~45°。VAP预防控制措施主要分为核心预防措施、一般预防措施、不常规或不推荐预防措施3类。这些结果表明,VAP的精准防控可针对不同的危险因素提出相对应的预防与控制措施,从而降低VAP发病率及病死率。

基于BP神经网络的油气田站场管道安全预警方法

油气田站场管道承担着接收、增压、分输、清管、计量等具有高度危险性工作,一旦管道出现异常状况容易引起重大燃烧和爆炸事故,因此对油气田站场管道状态进行监测及安全预警十分重要。利用基于BP神经网络的状态监测数据处理方法,首先确定油气田站场管道应变数据作为状态监测指标,采集油气田站场管道的应变监测数据,通过BP神经网络进行仿真实验,获得并验证管道应变预测模型,利用控制图理论筛选出异常数据并对异常数据分类分级,同时依据危险等级类别进行安全预警并制定预案。该方法在风险发生初期就能发现异常状态数据,从而有针对性地采取相应的安全对策,以防止危险事故的发生。

土壤环境安全及其污染防治措施

土壤环境是影响农业生产的第一要素,保护土壤安全,防治土壤污染是我国农业发展的首要工作,也是促进社会经济发展的重要内容。当前,我国土壤环境保护面临较多挑战,土壤污染现状也不容乐观,需要多措并举进行深度治理。本文基于我国土壤环境安全现状,重点探讨了土壤污染的类型、监测技术和防治措施,旨在保障土壤环境安全,维护国民身体健康,提升土壤污染监控能力和防治水平,促进我国农业生产和生态保护的良性发展。

DCS系统在燃气输配控制中的应用研究进展

为探讨DCS系统在燃气输配控制中的应用,并分析其通过实时监测和控制关键参数来提高系统效率和安全性的能力。采用DCS系统对天然气输配网络进行实时监测和控制。通过对天然气管道的压力、温度、流量等关键参数进行实时采集和调节,确保系统运行在稳定、高效的状态。同时,利用DCS系统的强大数据采集、处理和分析能力,对输配过程中的故障和异常情况进行快速诊断和处理,以提高故障排除的效率。此外,DCS系统还支持网络化和远程控制功能,实现对不同地理位置的天然气输配网络的集中监管和管理。结果表明:通过应用DCS系统,燃气输配控制实现了高效、准确和可靠的管理。实时监测和调节关键参数确保了系统运行的安全性和稳定性。快速诊断和处理故障和异常情况提高了故障排除的效率。网络化和远程控制功能实现了对不同地理位置的天然气输配网络的统一监管和管理,提高了管理效率。DCS系统在燃气输配控制中的应用具有重要意义和潜力。通过实时监测和控制关键参数,可以提高系统的效率和安全性。然而,该系统的应用也面临一些挑战,如高成本、技术难题以及应急处理等方面的问题。因此,需要进一步的技术研发和应用实践来不断提升DCS系统的性能和可靠性,以更好地满足燃气输配控制的需求。

基于功能安全的整车控制器转矩监控策略研究

转矩控制作为整车控制器(VCU)的核心功能,保证其安全性至关重要。为此,本文针对VCU非预期的转矩输出异常的问题,参考ISO 26262标准开展功能安全分析,并提出一种基于EGAS架构的转矩控制3层监控策略。首先,以VCU相关项定义为基础,通过危害分析与风险评估确定汽车安全完整性等级以及安全目标。其次,采用故障树分析方法导出功能安全要求以及技术安全要求。再次,针对安全目标,设计了基于AURIX TC275三核主控芯片与TLF35584电源监控芯片的功能安全机制。此外,通过3层监控策略分配CPU资源,实现转矩控制基本功能与监控功能的分离。最后,进行处理器在环测试,包括UDE调试、UDS诊断以及TLF35584安全状态控制测试。结果表明:该3层监控策略能够实现VCU转矩控制的基本功能并在出现故障时及时进入安全状态,从而达到安全目标。

煤矿甲烷传感器应用现状与发展前景思考

瓦斯是煤炭采掘过程中从煤岩体内涌出气体的总称,其主要成分为甲烷,可以严重威胁煤矿生产。甲烷传感器是煤矿瓦斯监控系统核心监测设备之一,对预防瓦斯灾害起到重要作用。为提高煤矿瓦斯监测能力,实现矿井智慧化管理,在系统梳理甲烷传感器发展历程基础上,文章阐述了目前广泛使用的7类甲烷传感器工作原理、适用场景及其特点;分析了现有甲烷传感器的不足,结合煤矿自动化,智能化安全开采需求及井下环境特征,提出了未来甲烷传感器的研发方向,以期为现代化矿井安全生产提供装备保障。

复杂环境盾构工作井超深基坑监测分析

以穗莞深城际前海至皇岗口岸段工程某超深盾构机工作井基坑为背景,对围护结构支撑轴力、周边地表沉降、基坑外地下水水位变化、周边建筑物沉降及倾斜进行监测,分析超深基坑施工对围护结构受力、地层变形性状和对周边环境的影响。结果表明:该基坑施工引起地表沉降的累计最大沉降量达到78.71 mm(红色预警值72.00 mm);坑外地下水位降水累积变化值正常;周围建筑物累计沉降量100.00%达到红色预警值,最大倾斜率为0.47‰;混凝土支撑轴力监测反映基坑支护体系处于安全状态。针对性地采取工程技术与管理措施,主要为清除基坑周围堆放的建筑废渣,并在运输路面铺放钢板以均布动荷载,加强基坑周围巡护;对土层进行劈裂注浆加固;实时监测和反馈分析,确保监测数据在可控范围内等,保证施工整体安全。

浅谈通风安全监测监控系统现状

煤矿通风安全监测监控系统在煤矿安全生产中发挥着至关重要的作用。近些年来,随着中国煤矿开采深度的增加和开采强度的增加,通风安全监测监控系统面临着一些挑战。首先,分析了通风安全监测监控系统面临的问题,主要包括监控数据形式单一、调节控制功能不强以及报警分析能力不强等。然后,探讨了一些完善通风安全监测监控系统的对策,主要是增强系统的控制调节功能、引入智能分析决策以及提升安全监测的自动化水平等。可以为煤矿安全生产提供一定的技术参考。