Total Energy Expenditure of 16 Chinese Young Men Measured by the Doubly Labeled Water Method

Objective Doubly labeled water （DLW） method is the gold standard for measuring total energy expenditure （TEE）. We used this method to measure TEE in Chinese young men. Methods Sixteen healthy young men age 23±1 recruited. TEE was measured by the DLW method, by indirect calorimetry. We also conducted 24-h estimate energy requirements of the subjects. years with body mass index 22.0±1.4 kg/m2 were and basal energy expenditure （BEE） was determined activity, energy balance and factorial approach to Results TEE of subjects by DLW method was 9.45±0.57 M J/day （2258±180 kcal/day）. The 24-h activity was 10.80±0.33 M J/day （2582±136 kcal/day）. The energy requirement, derived from energy balance observations, was 9.93±1.32 M J/day （2373±315 kcal/day）. The BEE of 6.65±0.28 M J/day （1589±67 kcal/day）, calculated by the adjusted Schofield equation, was significantly higher （P〈O.O01） than that measured by indirect calorimetry, 5.99-±0.66 M J/day （1433-±158 kcal/day）. The TEE derived from the factorial approach was 10.31-±0.43 M J/day （2463±104 kcal/day）. Conclusion The TEE of Chinese young men measured by the DLW method was about 10% lower than the current recommended nutrient intake （RNI）, suggesting that the RNI for Chinese men maybe overestimated. Further studies are warranted to determine the value of the estimated energy requirement.

The (2,1) -Total Labeling of Sn+1∨Pm and Sn+1×Pm

The (2,1)-total labeling number of a graph is the width of the smallest range of integers that suffices to label the vertices and the edges of such that no two adjacent vertices have the same label, no two adjacent edges have the same label and the difference between the labels of a vertex and its incident edges is at least 2. In this paper, we studied the upper bound of of Sn+1∨Pm and

Validation of Total Daily Energy Expenditure Calculated with Actiheart against Doubly Labeled Water Method in Costa Rican Schoolchildren

The purpose of this study was to use the measurement of the PAEE taken from Actiheart in order to calculate the TEE in Costa Rican schoolchildren, and at the same time, to determine the effectiveness when it is compared against the TEE obtained by the DLW. A total of sixteen male schoolchildren were measured for their total daily energy expenditure (TEE) with the doubly labeled water (DLW) technique. The TEE obtained by the Actiheart monitor was calculated and validated against the DWL. The TEE was obtained adding the physical activity energy expenditure given by the Actiheart, plus the basal metabolic rate, and the energy cost of growth. The Pearson’s product‐moment correlation coefficient and the paired t‐test sample were measured in order to identify the association of the data and to evidence the differences between both measurements of TEE respectively. The Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman plot evaluated the concordance of both methods. The correlation between the TEE obtained by DLW and the one calculated by Actiheart was r = 0.97, P < 0.001. The paired t-test showed no significant differences between both methods. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient was Cb = 0.99, classified as almost perfect. The study validated the TEE calculated with Actiheart against the TEE measured by the DLW.

An Empirical Study of Word Class Labeling of Total Reduplication Lex⁃ emes in New Century Chinese-English Dictionary ( 2nd edition)

the widely discussed study of word class categorization has a long history of more than 2000 years,which is known as the study of the“God Particles”in language.As a typical analytic language,Modern Chinese,due to its lack of morphological changes,is challenged by a thorny problem of word classes especially when it comes to the criteria for word class identification and the treat⁃ment of multiple class membership.As such,all the controversies eventually give rise to some contradiction and confusion in word class labeling in Modern Chinese and Chinese-English dictionaries.As an important grammatical means in Chinese and the focus of lexicology and rhetorics,total reduplication lexemes serve as an essential part of Chinese-English dictionaries with complex and diverse word classes.Guided by the Two-level Word Class Categorization Theory,this thesis focuses on the word class labeling of total reduplication lexemes in New Century Chinese-English Dictionary(2nd edition)backed by large-scale balanced Modern Chi⁃nese corpora.With an innovative theoretical perspective,this study not only contributes to the word class labeling of total reduplica⁃tion lexemes and even sheds light on the compilation of Chinese-English dictionaries,but also drives the study of Modern Chinese word classes in the long term.

双圈图的邻点可约全标号

图G(V,E)的邻点可约全标号(adjacent vertex reducible total labeling,AVRTL)是一个从V(G)∪E(G)到连续整数集{1,2,…,|V(G)|+|E(G)|}的双射,且图中所有相邻同度顶点的标号之和均相同,为S(u)=f(u)+∑uw∈E(G)f(uw).该文结合现实问题,借鉴传统遗传算法、蜂群算法等智能算法思路,设计了一种新型的AVRTL算法,通过预处理函数、调整函数等,利用循环迭代寻优的方式得到有限点内所有双圈图的邻点可约全标号结果.对实验结果进行分析,发现几类图的标号规律,总结得到若干定理并给出证明,最后给出猜想:所有的双圈图均为AVRTL图.

The Totally Non-positive Matrix Completion Problem

In this paper, the totally non-positive matrix is introduced. The totally non-positive completion asks which partial totally non-positive matrices have a completion to a totally non-positive matrix. This problem has. in general, a negative answer. Therefore, our question is for what kind of labeled graphs G each partial totally non-positive matrix whose associated graph is G has a totally non-positive completion? If G is not a monotonically labeled graph or monotonically labeled cycle, we give necessary and sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of the desired completion.

白芍总苷胶囊治疗复发性口腔溃疡的临床应用评价

目的:利用循证证据对白芍总苷胶囊治疗复发性口腔溃疡开展临床综合评价研究,为临床合理用药提供参考依据。方法:系统检索万方数据库、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、国际卫生技术评估网络和国际卫生技术评估协会等网站(检索时限为建库至2022年11月30日),汇总白芍总苷胶囊治疗复发性口腔溃疡的临床研究、药物经济学研究、安全性评价等资料,并对文献及其方法学进行质量评价和分析。结果:共纳入15篇文献,包括12篇临床研究和3篇安全性评价,未纳入药物经济学研究。白芍总苷胶囊治疗复发性口腔溃疡在提高总有效率、缩短溃疡愈合时间、降低疼痛评分、改善炎症因子水平、提高免疫功能、提高远期疗效等方面均有一定优势。安全性研究结果显示,白芍总苷胶囊临床使用安全性较好,药品不良反应发生率较低,且与其他西药联合治疗可有效减少药品不良反应的发生,增强患者依从性。药品可及性评价结果显示,白芍总苷胶囊治疗复发性口腔溃疡具有较好的可获得性、可负担性、便利性及可接受性。结论:白芍总苷胶囊治疗复发性口腔溃疡能够显著提高总有效率,改善患者生活质量,缓解疼痛,同时具有较好的安全性,但药物经济学研究方面的文献较为欠缺。未来有待于进一步开展更规范的临床观察及相关药物经济学研究,补充更高质量的循证证据。

Proteomics analysis on hypolipidemic mechanisms of total phenylpropanoid glycosides from Ligustrum robustum(Roxb.) Blume in hamsters fed a high fat diet

OBJECTIVE To explore the hypolipidemic mechanisms of the total phenylpropanoid glycosides fromLigustrum robustum(Roxb.) Blume(LRTPG) in hamsters using proteomics technique.METHODS The hamsters were fed with a high fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia.Then LRTPG of high(1.2 g·kg^(-1)),medium(0.6 g·kg^(-1)) and low(0.3 g·kg^(-1)) doses were administrated daily for 4 weeks.Then the concentrations of plasma and hepatic lipids were determined using enzymic methods.The total protein was extracted from livers of the model group and the group treated with the high dose of LRTPG for label-free quantitative proteomics.RESULTS LRTPG significantly reduced the concentrations of plasma and hepatic lipids in hamsters fed a high fat diet.The proteomics data showed that a total of 2231 proteins were identified,and 549 proteins were found to be differentially expressed between the model group and the group treated with LRTPG.Among the 549 proteins,93 proteins were up-regulated and 59 proteins were down-regulated,and 397 proteins were absent or not.And some of these proteins were much related to the lipid metabolism.Further,gene ontology(GO) analysis indicated metabolic process,transport,oxidation-reduction process,phosphorylation,signal transduction,lipid metabolic process were the main biological processes that those differentially expressed proteins participated.KEGG pathway analysis showed that those proteins were involved in several metabolic pathways including oxidative phosphorylation,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,cAMP signaling pathway,cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.CONCLUSION The proteomics study could provide valuable clues to help us to understand the hypolipidemic mechanisms of LRTPG much better.

负载花青素的玉米醇溶蛋白纳米纤维膜监测猪肉新鲜度

目的 静电纺丝“绿色”制备负载花青素(anthocyanin,A)的玉米醇溶蛋白(zein,Z)纳米纤维膜,通过对其颜色变化达到可视化和实时监测肉制品新鲜度的效果。方法 以A为指示剂,Z为纺丝原料,通过静电纺丝法制备A/Z纤维膜,表征其基本结构,验证其在盐酸和氨水环境中的颜色响应,并进一步将其应用于猪肉新鲜度监测。结果 A/Z纤维膜的表观为粉红色,平均厚度为98.6μm,由平均纤维直径为646.5 nm的光滑均匀纳米纤维构成,并在盐酸和氨水环境中具有明显的颜色响应。猪肉4℃贮藏实验中,第4 d的A/Z纳米纤维膜的猪肉总挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic-nitrogen,TVB-N)含量达到21.9 mg/100 g,达到腐败阈值,并且其色差与猪肉TVB-N含量具有显著关联(r^(2)=0.9652)。结论 A/Z纳米纤维膜可作为一种潜在的通过色差变化监测肉制品新鲜度的智能标签,为实现绿色、环保和安全地监测肉类新鲜度提供了良好的研究思路。

儿童静脉用药分剂量精细化调配管理实践

目的促进儿童静脉用药分剂量的准确、安全、有效调配。方法按《处方管理办法》要求对输液标签进行优化,促进医院儿童用药分剂量精细化管理。回顾性分析医院静脉用药调配中心(PIVAS)输液标签2022年1月至3月(优化前)与2022年4月至6月(优化后)的普通药物、抗生素类药物与全肠外营养液(TPN)的调配、差错、药品报损数据,并分析其调配速率、调配差错率。结果输液标签优化后,普通药物和抗生素类药物的调配速率由每组(66.71±2.28)s提升至每组(54.56±3.26)s,调配差错率由0.13%降至0.07%(P<0.01)。TPN的调配速率由每组(556.68±32.93)s提升至每组(397.60±31.03)s,调配差错率由0.30%降至0.11%(P<0.05);贴签错误、药品破损、调配时药品使用剂量计算错误所产生的药品损耗金额均显著减少(P<0.05)。结论优化PIVAS儿童靜脉用药品的输液标签有助于提升药物调配速率,减少调配差错和药品损耗,为患儿提供剂量准确、安全的静脉输液治疗。

Measurement of the Thermic Effect of Food in a Chinese Mixed Diet in Young People

Objective To determine the thermic effect of food(TEF)in a Chinese mixed diet in young people.Methods During the study,the participants were weighed and examined for body composition every morning.The total energy expenditure(TEE)of the participants was measured by the doubly labeled water method for 7 days,and during this period,basal energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry and physical activity energy expenditure was measured by an accelerometer.The value obtained by subtracting basal energy expenditure and physical activity energy expenditure from TEE was used to calculate TEF.Results Twenty healthy young students(18–30 years;10 male)participated in the study.The energy intake of the participants was not significantly different from the Chinese Dietary Reference Intake of energy(P>0.05).The percentage of energy from protein,fat and carbohydrate were all in the normal range.The intakes of fruits,milk and dietary fiber of the participants were significantly lower than those in the Chinese Dietary Guidelines(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the body weight of the participants during the experiment(P>0.05).When adjusted for body weight,there was no significant difference in either TEE or basal energy expenditure between the male and female participants(P>0.05).In addition,there was no significant difference in physical activity energy expenditure and TEF between the male and female participants(P>0.05).The percentage of TEF in TEE was 8.73%.Conclusion The percentage of TEF in TEE in a Chinese mixed diet in young people was significantly lower than 10%(P<0.001).A value of 10%is usually considered to be the TEF in mixed diets as a percentage of TEE.

Edge Coloring by Total Labelings of Outerplanar Graphs

An edge coloring total k-labeling is a labeling of the vertices and the edges of a graph G with labels {1,2,..., k} such that the weights of the edges define a proper edge coloring of G. Here the weight of an edge is the sum of its label and the labels of its two end vertices. This concept was introduce by Brandt et al. They defined Xt＇（G） to be the smallest integer k for which G has an edge coloring total k-labeling and proposed a question： Is there a constant K with X^t（G） ≤△（G）＋1/2 K for all graphs G of maximum degree A（G）？ In this paper, we give a positive answer for outerplanar graphs ≤△（G）＋1/2 by showing that X＇t（G） ≤△（G）＋1/2 for each outerplanar graph G with maximum degree A（G）.

Super （a, d）-edge-antimagic total labelings of complete bipartite graphs

An （a, d）-edge-antimagic total labeling of a graph G is a bijection f from V（G） ∪ E（G） onto {1, 2,..., ｜V（G）｜ ＋ ｜E（G）｜} with the property that the edge-weight set {f（x） ＋ f（xy） ＋ f（y） ｜ xy ∈ E（G）} is equal to {a, a ＋ d, a ＋ 2d,... ,a ＋ （｜E（G）｜ - 1）d} for two integers a 〉 0 and d ≥ 0. An （a,d）-edge- antimagic total labeling is called super if the smMlest possible labels appear on the vertices. In this paper, we completely settle the problem of the super （a, d）-edge-antimagic total labeling of the complete bipartite graph [（m,n and obtain the following results： the graph t（m,n has a super （a, d）-edge-antimagic total labeling if and only if either （i） m = 1, n = 1, and d ≥ 0, or （ii） m = 1, n≥2 （orn=1 and m≥2）,and d ∈{0,1,2},or （iii） m=l,n=2 （orn=1 and m = 2）, and d= 3, or （iv） m,n≥2, and d=1

一类新的魔术染色(英文)

借鉴于Kotzig和Rosa在1970年定义的边魔术全标号,我们给具有p个顶点和q条边的图G定义了一个新的染色标号,叫作k-魔术染色f,其中f是一一映射V(G)∪E(G)→{1,2,…,p+q},使得任何边uv∈E(G)满足f(u)+f(v)=k+f(uv),并得到超级k-魔术染色的概念.我们得到了一些具有k-魔术染色或超级k-魔术染色图的性质以及构造这些图的方法.最后,我们猜测所有的树具有一个超级k-魔术染色.

连通多叶图的几种标号

利用具有优美标号、(k,d)-优美标号、边魔幻全标号及反魔幻全标号的树,加边构造了一些优美图、奇优美图、(k,d)-优美图、边魔幻图及反魔幻图等.

一类特殊对称图的边魔幻性

边对称图〈H,G〉含有子图H和G,使得删去边子集E(H)的所有边后,剩余图的任何分支均同构于G.刻划了一类对称图的基本性质,推广边魔幻全标号到广义边魔幻全标号.利用可算法化的构造性证明,得到大型的具有(广义)边魔幻全标号的对称图.

一类新的平面图的超边幻和标号

研究了一类新的平面图的超边幻和标号问题，运用算法设计与分析中的分支限界理论和思想设计了各顶点和边的超边幻和标号算法，并给出和严格证明了此类新的平面图是超边幻和图．

关于图k-魔幻标号的若干结果

得到超级边魔幻全标号、超级幸福标号和超级k-魔幻标号相互等价,找到正则图有超级k-魔幻标号的必要条件,给出一个用具有超级k-魔幻标号二部分图来构造大的具有超级k-魔幻标号的图,讨论了用一般的k-魔幻标号导出边魔幻全标号和幸福标号,提供了一些可继续研究的问题.

野菊花总黄酮对佐剂性关节炎大鼠滑膜细胞的凋亡诱导作用

目的:研究野菊花总黄酮(TFC)对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠滑膜细胞的凋亡诱导作用,探讨TFC治疗AA的可能机制。方法:SD大鼠随机分成6组:正常组、模型组、TFC高、中、低剂量组和阳性药雷公藤多苷(TPT)组;SD大鼠右后足跖皮内注射弗氏完全佐剂复制AA模型;MTT法检测滑膜细胞的增殖;原位末端标记检测(TUNEL)法观察滑膜组织中滑膜细胞的凋亡改变;流式细胞仪检测体外培养滑膜细胞的凋亡变化。结果:AA大鼠滑膜细胞出现凋亡抑制,增殖过度的类瘤样细胞特征,TFC可剂量依赖性地降低AA大鼠滑膜细胞的炎性增殖;TFC(168,336 mg.kg-1)治疗组大鼠滑膜细胞的凋亡率较模型组显著升高。结论:TFC可抑制AA大鼠滑膜细胞的过度增殖,诱导滑膜细胞凋亡,这可能是其治疗AA的机制之一。

荧光标记法测定菌落总数

采用一种新型破膜剂麝香草酚将微生物细胞壁完全破裂,再用碘化丙啶荧光标记微生物核酸或DNA,测定荧光值。建立工作曲线,根据荧光值在工作曲线上查出菌落总数。结果表明,破膜剂麝香草酚的最适浓度为4 mmol/L,本方法测定枯草芽孢杆菌菌落数对应荧光值的相对标准偏差为1.29%,回收率为98.4%。方法准确可靠,而且不需要大量铺平板,简便快速。