Enhancing urban resilience in hot humid climates:A conceptual framework for exploring the environmental performance of vertical greening systems(VGS)

Vertical greening systems(VGS)are promising green infrastructure(GI)techniques for addressing urban resilience issues,like mitigating high temperatures and air pollution.This research aims to develop a conceptual framework to help designers better understand the VGS’effects on buildings and urban areas,focusing on thermal performance and air quality improvement in hot,humid climates.The framework consists of three steps:(1)Identifying climate problems that hinder the improvement of built environment resilience in hot climates;(2)Selecting VGS as a type of GI that can enhance urban resilience;(3)Identifying the common key factors that impact both thermal performance and air quality while developing VGS at the urban and building scales.The results show that the framework can be customized to suit hot climate conditions.However,when applying VGS in built environment with specified climate conditions,the construction of VGS,greenery coverage ratio,plant species,facade orientation,and VGS formation have the most significant influences on their environmental performance.Additionally,the air gap between VGS and the facade has optimal performance in hot,humid climates.The paper concludes with some recommendations for future research and practice on VGSs in hot and humid climates.

Model and Practice of Vertical Greening in Nanchang City

Vertical greening is a new model to broaden urban green space in Nanchang City. Baded on the narration of the concept of vertical greening, all kinds of ways to carry out the vertical greening in Nanchang, as well as the available patterns, were explored by combining with the natural climatic conditions in Nanchang City, and then the current commonly used vertical greening plant varieties as well as their application value were introduced, which provided a new way of thinking for urban greening of Nanchang City.

Construction of Green Ecological Corridor and Vertical Greening of Building Facades in Zhengzhou City

Development of a city depends largely on its transportation, and road construction reveals development skeletons of the city. With the aggravation of city pollution, construction of ecological corridor has been put on the agenda of urban ecological construction, against this background, "2 rings and 17 radial lines" of Zhengzhou City were planned. This paper analyzed the plan from the perspectives of role of urban green corridor, planning principle, characteristic building and greening of building facade, and exploration of green corridors integrating pathways, bikeways, bus harbors and green island gas station.

Periodical Development Trend of Vertical Greening

The research reviewed the development trend of vertical greening industry and divided it into four stages as follows： demand exploring phase, theory and technology development and application phases, and ripening phase of vertical greening system. The characteristics in different phases were detailed, providing ref- erences for development of vertical greening industry in future.

Application and Development of Vertical Greening in Urban Landscaping

Major contents, application value and material selection of urban vertical greening were elaborated, current situation and problems of vertical greening in foreign and domestic cities discussed, application prospects of vertical greening in urban landscaping were analyzed against the background of ecological civilization.

Green Vertical‑Cavity Surface‑Emitting Lasers Based on InGaN Quantum Dots and Short Cavity

Room temperature low threshold lasing of green GaNbased vertical cavity surface emitting laser(VCSEL)was demonstrated under continuous wave(CW)operation.By using self-formed InGaN quantum dots(QDs)as the active region,the VCSEL emitting at 524.0 nm has a threshold current density of 51.97 A cm^(-2),the lowest ever reported.The QD epitaxial wafer featured with a high IQE of 69.94%and theδ-function-like density of states plays an important role in achieving low threshold current.Besides,a short cavity of the device(~4.0λ)is vital to enhance the spontaneous emission coupling factor to 0.094,increase the gain coefficient factor,and decrease the optical loss.To improve heat dissipation,AlN layer was used as the current confinement layer and electroplated copper plate was used to replace metal bonding.The results provide important guidance to achieving high performance GaN-based VCSELs.

Preliminary Analysis of Modular Vertical Greening in Office Spaces in Northeast China

Environmental problem is a key problem for modern society. This paper analyzed indoor environment of the offi ce space in northeast China, explored the plants suitable for modular vertical greening in the offi ce space, and the key points for selection, and further analyzed the benefi ts of modular vertical greening for the indoor offi ce environment and the process fl ow. New technologies in modular vertical greening can be applied to improve the quality of indoor environment, and enhance the active atmosphere of indoor environment.

Development Trend of Vertical Greening in China and Countermeasures

Current situation of urban green spaces was analyzed, vertical greening, elevated floor and roof garden were effi cient ways of expanding urban green coverage area. The signifi cance of expanding green areas, improving soil, renovating and maintaining green plants was discussed.

Application of Wild Plant Resources of Qin-ba Mountainous Area for Vertical vrescence in Landscape Architecture

Based on introducing wild plant resources of vertical greening in Qin-ba Mountainous area, the application of vertical greening plants of Qin-ba Mountainous area in garden greening were analyzed, the measures of utilization and development were suggested.

Study on Plant Landscaping Methods in Garden Landscape Construction

Garden landscape is a beautiful complex formed by space and time complementing each other and acting together.Garden plants are the core landscaping elements in garden landscape construction.It is necessary to flexibly use a variety of plant landscaping methods to create a richer and more vivid natural landscape,and promote the improvement of the quality of the living environment and the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

Reviewed Interpretations and Inspirations on the Development and Strategies of Garden City Theory in Singapore

Reconceptualising the construction of Garden Cities in Singapore from the perspective of the history of urban development and urbanization,in conjunction with the development and trends of vertical greening systems.To summarise the principles of development in modern ecosystems in the context of rapid urbanisation and high population density trends:1.Long-term planning and adherence to ecological principles are required for urban construction and development.2.Urban development should insist on controlling and guiding the urbanisation process.3.Strong executive and coordination capacity of the government is an essential force for the development of new cities.4.The cultivation of urban culture is required to be initiated by the government to promote social consensus and directing the power of the public.5.Respond to the trend of the times and make flexible use of science and technology(vertical ecosystems)to solve urban problems.