Optimal design for rubber concrete layered periodic foundations based on the analytical approximations of band gaps and mapping relations

The seismic performance of rubber concrete-layered periodic foundations are significantly influenced by their design,in which the band gaps play a paramount role.Aiming at providing better designs for these foundations,this study first proposes and validates the analytical formulas to approximate the bounds of the first few band gaps.In addition,the mapping relations linking the frequencies of different band gaps are presented.Furthermore,an optimal design method for these foundations is developed,which is validated through an engineering example.It is demonstrated that ensuring the superstructure’s resonance zones are completely covered by the corresponding periodic foundation’s band gaps can achieve satisfactory vibration attenuation effects,which is a good strategy for the design of rubber concrete layered periodic foundations.

FEA for designing of floating raft shock-resistant system

Choosing the equipment with good shock-resistant p erformance and taking shock protection measures while designing the onboard sett ings, the safety of onboard settings can be assured when warships, especially su bmarine subjected to non-contact underwater explosion, that is, these means can be used to limit the rattlespace (i.e., the maximum displacement of the equipme nt relative to the base) and the peak acceleration experienced by the equipment. Using shock-resistant equipments is one of shock protection means. The shock- resistant performance of the shock-resistant equipments should be verified in t he design phase of the equipments. The FEA (finite element analysis) software, for example, MSC.NASTRAN ○R , can be used to verify the shock-resistant performance. MSC.PATRAN ○R and MSC.NASTRAN are used for modeling and analyzing the floating raft vibration isolating equipment. The model of the floating raft and the floating raft vibration isolating system are theoretically analyzed and calculated, and the analysis results are in agreement with the test results. The transient response analysis of the system model follows the modal analysis of the floating raft vibration isolating system. And it is used to verify the shock-resistant performance. The ana lysis and calculation method used in this paper can be used to analyze the shock -resistant performance of onboard shock-resistant equipments.

Design optimization of a hexapod vibration isolation system for electro-optical payload

The electro-optical payloads on mobile platforms generally suffer undesirable vibrations generated by maneuvers and turbulence.These vibrations are in six degrees of freedom and cause line-of-sight jitters,resulting in image blurring and loss of tracking accuracy.In this paper,a Hexapod Vibration Isolation System(HVIS)is proposed and optimized to solve this problem.The optimization aims to centralize and minimize the natural frequencies of HVIS,for expanding the vibration isolation bandwidth and improving the vibration isolation in the higher frequency band.Considering that the design space for HVIS is limited and interfered with the frames of the mobile platform,a non-collision algorithm is proposed and applied in the optimization to obtain the feasible optimal design.The optimization result shows that the natural frequency bandwidth has been reduced by 42.9%,and the maximum natural frequency is reduced by 30.2%.The prototypes of initial and optimal designs are manufactured and tested.Both simulated and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the optimization,and the optimal design provides a maximum of 15 dB more isolation in rotation direction than the initial design.

Vibration Isolation Characteristics of Impedance-balanced Ship Equipment Foundation under Unbalanced Excitation

A new type of impedance-balanced ship equipment foundation structure based on the principle of impedance balancing using a“discontinuous panel-vibration isolation liquid layer-foundation structure”is proposed to solve the problem of poor low-frequency vibration isolation of the foundation under unbalanced excitation of shipboard equipment.Based on the finite element method,the influence of characteristic parameters of the foundation panel structure on its vibration reduction characteristics under unbalanced excitation is explored.The results show that the vibration isolation level of the impedance-balanced foundation is 10 dB higher than the traditional foundation in the low-frequency band of 10-500 Hz when subjected to combined excitation of concentrated force and moment.Increasing the thickness of the impedance-balanced foundation panel can enhance the isolation effect.Increasing the number of sub-panels can effectively reduce the vibration response of the foundation panel and enhance the isolation performance of the foundation.The connection stiffness between sub-panels has a small effect on the isolation performance of the foundation.

Application Research of Genetic Algorithm on the Whole-Spacecraft Vibration Isolation System

The objective of the whole-spacecraft vibration isolation (WSVI) system is to reduce the launch-induced dynamic loads and the quality control cost of the satellite and its components, and to increase the launch reliability by insertion of isolators between the satellite and the launch vehicle. A niche hybrid genetic algorithm (NHGA) is proposed to optimize stiffness and damping of the isolators. Through the comparison of the frequency response analysis results, it shows that the optimized WSVI system more effectively reduces spacecraft axial / lateral response due to the broadband structure-born launch environment. At the same time, the case of the whole-spacecraft vibration isolation optimization design demonstrates the efficiency and validity of the genetic algorithm.

Optimal design and effectiveness evaluation for inerter-based devices on mitigating seismic responses of base isolated structures

The optimal design and effectiveness of three control systems,tuned viscous mass damper(TVMD),tuned inerter damper(TID)and tuned mass damper(TMD),on mitigating the seismic responses of base isolated structures,were systematically studied.First,the seismic responses of the base isolated structure with each control system under white noise excitation were obtained.Then,the structural parameter optimizations of the TVMD,TID and TMD were conducted by using three different objectives.The results show that the three control systems were all effective in minimizing the root mean square value of seismic responses,including the base shear of the BIS,the absolute acceleration of structural SDOF,and the relative displacement between the base isolation floor and the foundation.Finally,considering the superstructure as a structural MDOF,a series of time history analyses were performed to investigate the effectiveness and activation sensitivity of the three control systems under far field and near fault seismic excitations.The results show that the effectiveness of TID and TMD with optimized parameters on mitigating the seismic responses of base isolated structures increased as the mass ratio increases,and the effectiveness of TID was always better than TMD with the same mass ratio.The TVMD with a lower mass ratio was more efficient in reducing the seismic response than the TID and TMD.Furthermore,the TVMD,when compared with TMD and TID,had better activation sensitivity and a smaller stroke.

Using a SVM to evaluate damage to vibration isolators in an elastic raft system

Predicting damage to vibration isolators in a raft experiencing heavy shock loadings from explosions is an important task when designing a raft system. It is also vital to be able to research the vulnerability of heavily shocked floating rafts. The conventional approach to prediction has been unreliable,especially when the allowable values or ultimate values of vibration isolators of supposedly uniform standard in a raft actually have differing and uncertain values due to defective workmanship. A new model for predicting damage to vibration isolators in a shocked floating raft system is presented in this paper. It is based on a support vector machine(SVM) ,which uses Artificial Intelligence to characterize complicated nonlinear mapping between the impacting environment and damage to the vibration isolators. The effectiveness of the new method for predicting damage was illustrated by numerical simulations,and shown to be effective when relevant parameters of the model were chosen reasonably. The effect determining parameters,including kernel function and penalty factors,has on prediction results is also discussed. It can be concluded that the SVM will probably become a valid tool to study damage or vulnerability in a shocked raft system.

二级柔性减振系统设计及力学性能分析

为解决二级减振引起个别仪器振动的局部放大、使得力学环境不能满足运行要求的问题,首先,针对金属橡胶双层减振系统,充分考虑安装板的柔性刚度,建立了刚柔复合的二级减振系统模型;其次,基于目标频率对二级减振的频率响应函数进行系统的刚度解耦,实现了减振器刚度的求解,并应用有限元进行随机振动分析,验证了刚柔复合二级减振系统理论模型的可行性;最后,利用振动台进行了试验验证。结果表明,当二级减振系统满足工程刚度需求,其一阶固有频率低于40 Hz时,减振效率可达到70%以上,试验与仿真结果基本一致。

混合基础隔震体系优化设计及性能

为解决基础隔震结构中隔震层位移需求过大的问题,提出了一种基础隔震结构(Base Isolated Structure,BIS)+串并联调谐质量阻尼器惯容器(Tuned Tandem Mass Damper-Inerter, TTMDI)的混合隔震体系。采用Bouc-Wen滞回模型模拟隔震层的非线性力-变形行为,基于随机等效线性化和模式搜索优化算法并考虑地震动模型,在频域内建立了BIS+TTMDI体系的优化设计框架。分别从鲁棒性、有效性、刚度和阻尼系数、冲程及对地震频率敏感性方面对BIS+TTMDI体系的性能进行评估,并与BIS+调谐质量阻尼器(Tuned Mass Damper, TMD)、串并联调谐质量阻尼器(TunedTandemMassDamper,TTMD)和调谐质量阻尼器惯容器(TunedMass Damper-Inerter, TMDI)进行比较。通过对近场地震动下某七层混合基础隔震结构(包括BIS+TTMDI和BIS+TMDI体系)的动力弹塑性分析,评价了其减/隔震性能。结果表明:BIS+TTMDI体系具有最好的减/隔震性能和强鲁棒性;而且在BIS+TTMDI体系中TTMDI的总阻尼需求不到BIS+TMDI体系中TMDI的一半,因而更为经济实用。

近远场地震下RC大跨轻柔拱桥减隔震支座方案优化

为探明不同地震动输入对某大跨轻柔拱桥减隔震的影响,通过非线性有限元模型分析近远场地震下桥梁结构的响应规律,得到大桥支座的优化布置方案.首先,基于模态分析,对比该桥与传统钢筋混凝土(RC)拱桥动力特性差异;其次,选取不同脉冲周期的近场地震动、近场无脉冲及远场长周期地震动记录;最后,研究近远场地震下拱桥的响应行为和损伤演化路径,得到优化桥梁的减隔震支座设计方案.研究结果表明:近场脉冲及远场长周期地震下的桥梁结构响应大于无脉冲地震响应;纵竖向地震下高墩柱剪力及弯矩包络曲线呈“S”形,墩身中部易形成塑性铰,高阶振型影响显著;桥梁纵桥向先于横向震损,损伤路径依次为矮柱、高墩柱及拱肋实心-空心截面段;摩擦摆支座减震效果最佳但位移较大,高阻尼支座方案在近场中长脉冲周期及远场长周期地震下仍会发生损伤,板式橡胶支座方案因无法保证支座同步滑移而不能形成准隔震体系;“高阻尼+摩擦摆”混合方案的支座位移小,拱肋及墩柱均处于弹性,是近断层大跨轻柔RC拱桥的优选减隔震方案.

某型直升机超短波电台结构设计

本文开展了适用于某型直升机平台的机载超短波电台结构设计,从结构总体设计、电气互联设计、散热设计、抗冲振性能设计、三防设计等角度,全方位的阐述了设备的结构设计过程,可为同类设备的结构设计提供借鉴。

声学黑洞环在导弹级间减振隔冲中的应用研究

在导弹系统中,发动机及火工品产生的振动和冲击会严重影响战斗部的打击精度和可靠性。采取有效的减振隔冲措施至关重要。声学黑洞(acoustic black hole,ABH)作为一种新型的波操纵技术,利用结构阻抗的变化,使结构中传播的波相速度和群速度发生变化,在结构局部区域实现波的聚集,借助少量阻尼即可高效地将能量耗损。该方法具有高效、轻质、宽频等优点,为结构动力学控制提供了新的思路,具有较强的潜能和应用前景。针对导弹系统的振动冲击问题,提出了基于ABH效应的级间减振隔冲环(简称:ABH环)设计方案,以提高装备的打击精度及任务可靠性。运用有限元仿真方法研究了ABH环的动态特性,分析表明其具有良好的能量转移与耗散能力。建立了ABH环结构-战斗部模拟模型,通过模拟飞行过程的随机振动以及级间分离等冲击作用,对系统响应特性进行了分析并评估抑制效果。结果表明,所提ABH环应对复杂动载荷工况时具有较好的减振隔冲效果:降低幅值增加衰减速率。该研究既为导弹减振隔冲提供了思路,又有效扩宽了声学黑洞新技术的应用范围。

新型动力设备隔振减震器力学性能研究

隔振器可有效降低动力设备工作产生的高频振动,但低频地震下设备隔振器位移响应较大。将碟形弹簧和环形摩擦套筒分别作为竖向隔振和耗能单元,竖向耗能单元内设置振动间隙实现正常使用隔振和地震时减震的两阶段机制,形成一种新型动力设备隔振减震器。基于理论分析给出了隔振减震器的设计流程,并进行了算例设计,采用ABAQUS软件进行了隔振减震器的静力性能分析和动力设备整体系统的动力性能分析。结果表明:提出的隔振减震器及其系统的数值模拟与理论计算结果吻合较好;设计算例实现了设备正常工作时仅隔振、地震作用下耗能单元启动的两阶段隔振减震机制;竖向耗能单元使得设备竖向地震位移响应减小超过50%,水平向耗能单元使隔振减震器水平地震剪力减小超过80%,降低了隔振减震器地震倾覆和破坏的风险。

基于Kriging模型的船舶主机隔离系统抗冲击优化

为了提高系统的抗冲击性能和优化效率,本文以限位隔离系统的刚度阻尼等7个参数为设计变量,以系统冲击响应中的相对位移响应和绝对加速度响最大峰值为响应值建立Kriging代理模型。通过NSGA-II多目标优化算法对构建的代理模型进行多目标优化,优化目标为相对位移响应和绝对加速度响最大峰值两者和的最小值。与初始方案相比,优化后系统相对位移响应降低了27.139%,绝对加速度响应降低了37.846%。结果表明:建立的代理模型对隔离系统的冲击响应有较精确的预报作用,优化后船舶主机隔离系统的抗冲击得到明显提高。

Novel modular quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator with high linearity and integrated fluid damping

Passive vibration isolation systems have been widely applied due to their low power consumption and high reliability.Nevertheless,the design of vibration isolators is usually limited by the narrow space of installation,and the requirement of heavy loads needs the high supporting stiffness that leads to the narrow isolation frequency band.To improve the vibration isolation performance of passive isolation systems for dynamic loaded equipment,a novel modular quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator(MQZS-VI)with high linearity and integrated fluid damping is proposed.The MQZS-VI can achieve high-performance vibration isolation under a constraint mounted space,which is realized by highly integrating a novel combined magnetic negative stiffness mechanism into a damping structure:The stator magnets are integrated into the cylinder block,and the moving magnets providing negative-stiffness force also function as the piston supplying damping force simultaneously.An analytical model of the novel MQZS-VI is established and verified first.The effects of geometric parameters on the characteristics of negative stiffness and damping are then elucidated in detail based on the analytical model,and the design procedure is proposed to provide guidelines for the performance optimization of the MQZS-VI.Finally,static and dynamic experiments are conducted on the prototype.The experimental results demonstrate the proposed analytical model can be effectively utilized in the optimal design of the MQZS-VI,and the optimized MQZS-VI broadened greatly the isolation frequency band and suppressed the resonance peak simultaneously,which presented a substantial potential for application in vibration isolation for dynamic loaded equipment.

准零刚度隔振平台的冲击响应及能量分析

本文对准零刚度(Quasi-zero stiffness, QZS)隔振平台进行了冲击响应及能量分析,详细分析了系统的时域冲击响应以及系统能量损耗特性。首先建立了冲击激励下系统的非线性动力学方程,数值分析了QZS隔振平台系统的时域冲击响应,并与相应的线性系统进行对比分析。之后以系统能量损耗速度作为系统缓冲性能的评价指标,分析了阻尼及结构参数对系统缓冲性能的影响。研究表明:QZS系统的位移响应幅值高于相应的线性系统,但QZS隔振系统位移响应的衰减速度快于线性系统,衰减所需的周期数少于线性系统。另外,阻尼有助于提高系统的缓冲效果,刚度比和倾斜角并不会对系统缓冲性能造成较大影响。

基于城市更新的“工业上楼”设计技术研究

随着土地使用效率低下与资源紧缺之间的矛盾不断加深,产业结构轻型化和智能化要求不断提高,在产城融合的时代背景下,“工业上楼”作为一种新型的城市更新项目,集聚高端制造企业,其设计、建造、运营相比一般工业厂房在各方面的要求均更高。不同类型的厂房、不同的工艺、不同的生产线集中在同一个楼栋中,各方对设计的要求均不相同。因此,构建“工业上楼”业态下的设计研究是亟需的。该业态需要实现“生产”“生活”“生态”融合,进而需要对整体园区设计规划、空间布局、微观和整体交通疏导、厂房减振隔振技术、消防设计等内容进行更多细化调整。在城市更新的大背景下,以上的研究方向很值得探讨和分析,将有助于“工业上楼”在城市更新工作方面做出贡献。

船舶发电机组排烟管系低振动设计及试验

为降低排烟管系振动和噪声传递到船体结构和附近舱室,需对其进行低振动设计,在考虑减振的基础上,考虑排烟管系的自振频率,选择合适减振元件,采用有限元分析方法计算排烟管系的模态,并在实船上进行隔振效果的测试验证。实船结果表明,在10~10 kHz频段范围内,排烟管系减振装置有较好的隔振效果,隔振效果达到15 dB以上;并有效避免了整个系统共振的发生而导致设备破坏和产生严重的振动噪声现象。

高层隔震结构减震机理和设计分析

随着《建筑抗震管理条例》的颁布,隔震建筑在工程建设中的应用将越来越广泛。以福州某办公楼隔震结构设计为研究对象,采用有限元软件YJK和ETABS分析了主要振型的反应谱。给出了抗震设计目标确定的方法、地震波的选取方法和减震机理,得出了可供工程技术人员借鉴的主要结论:地震波选取时可通过观察地震波的时程曲线图的主要周期点和最大加速度值并对比反应谱与规范谱的拟合度,来判断其与建筑场地是否相适应;高层结构在底部设置隔震支座能够显著改善上部结构的地震反应谱,其减震机理并不是延迟周期而是滤波原理。