Electron-Vibrational Energy Exchange in Nitrogen-Containing Plasma:a Comparison Between an Analytical Approach and a Kinetic Model

This paper investigates the electron-vibrational（e-V）energy exchange in nitrogencontaining plasma,which is very efficient in the case of gas discharge and high speed flow.Based on Harmonic oscillator approximation and the assumption of the e-V relaxation through a continuous series of Boltzmann distributions over the vibrational states,an analytic approach is derived from the proposed scaling relation of e-V transition rates.A full kinetic model is then investigated by numerically solving the state-to-state master equation for all vibrational levels.The analytical approach leads to a Landau-Teller（LT）-type equation for relaxation of vibrational energy,and predicts the relaxation time on the right order of magnitude.By comparison with the kinetic model,the LT-type equation is valid in typical electron temperatures in gas discharge.However,the analytical approach is not capable of describing the vibrational distribution function during the e-V process in which a full kinetic model is required.

Numerical Calculation Methods for Wavemaking Response Induced by Explosion in Harbour

Using the axial symmetry results of marker and cell (MAC) method as initial value in this paper, two numerical calculating methods are presented for the late wavemaking response induced by explosion in harbour. One of the methods is the superposition method of the vibration mode based on fluid slosh in container. Another one is the joining method of the MAC results with the shallow wave theory calculation in time domain. As a practical example, it is conducted to the numerical calculation about 1000 ton TNT equivalent explosion within touch of water surface. The results show that it can be rationally described with the methods to the wavemaking progress and character. The numerical results are identical with the observed scene on the spot experiment. The methods are simple and applicable in the engineering design.

The v-v energy transfer of highly vibrationally excitedstates (Ⅱ)──Vibrational quenching of CO(v) by H_2O

The vibrational energy transfer from highly vibrationally excited CO to H 2O molecules is studied by time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy (TR FTIR). Following the 193 nm laser photolysis of CHBr 3 and O 2 the secondary reactions generate CO(v). The infrared emission of CO(v→v-1) is detected by TR FTIR. The excitation of H 2O molecules is not observed. By the method of the spectral simulation and the differential technique, 8 rate constants for CO(v)/H 2O system are obtained: (1.7±0.1), (3.4±0.2), (6.2±0.4), (8.0±1.0), (9.0±2.0), (12±3), (16±4) and (18±7) (10 -13cm 3·molecule -1·s -1). At least two reasons lead to the efficient energy transfer. One is the contributions of the rotational energy to the vibational energy defect and the other is the result of the complex collision. With the SSH and ab initio calculations, the quenching mechanism of CO(v) by H 2O is suggested.

Theoretical studies of vibrationally resolved absorption and emission spectra: From a single chromophore to multichromophoric oligomers/aggregates

Absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopies are useful tools to study the photo-physical properties of materials. The theoretical methods for calculation of the spectra of molecules/supermolecules and aggregates, whose structures can differ significantly, are reviewed from the viewpoint of computational efficiency. Several model compounds/multimers are taken as examples for the spectral calculations. The numerical results achieve a satisfactory agreement between the theory and experiment.