Through field investigation,specimen collection and verification,it has been found that Yunshan,Hunan,National Forest Park possesses various species of vine resources,altogether 401 species,belonging to 126 genera,49 ...Through field investigation,specimen collection and verification,it has been found that Yunshan,Hunan,National Forest Park possesses various species of vine resources,altogether 401 species,belonging to 126 genera,49 families.Among them,herbaceous vines have 93 species,taking up 23.2% of the total;ligneous vines have 308 species,taking up 76.8%.The findings have indicated that in Yunshan,Hunan,National Forest Park,there are 13 vine families that have more than 10 species,that is,Papilionaceae,Vitaceae,Rosaceae,Cucurbitaceae,Ranunculaceae,Apocynaceae,Convolvulaceae,Menispermaceae,Celastrales,Actinidiaceae,Oleoideae,Rubioideae,and Asclepiadaceae.There are 17 vine genera with more than 5 species,that is,Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils.,Clematis L.,Polygonum L.,Actinidia Lindl.,Rubus,Phaseolus L.,Celastrus L.,Sageretia,Ampelopsis Michx.,Vitis L,Parthenocissus Planch.,Sabia Colebr.,Acanthopanax Miq.,Jasminum,Trachelospermum,Lonicera L.,and Smilax.展开更多
Twining stems of plants are very common in extant tropical and subtropical forests, and the climbing growth habit of plants may be an evolutionary innovation and ecological adaptation to either closed, shady or open, ...Twining stems of plants are very common in extant tropical and subtropical forests, and the climbing growth habit of plants may be an evolutionary innovation and ecological adaptation to either closed, shady or open, edge environments. However, the origin of handedness in climbing plants remains unclear. Here we report a Miocene (ca. 16 million years ago) macrofossil from the Shanwang Formation of Shandong Province, Eastern China, unequivocally exhibiting the first direct fossil evidence for a left-handed, stem-twining growth habit in plants. This fossil plant bears a thicker, slightly curved supporting stem (2 - 3.5 mm wide), which is loosely, spirally twined by a thinner stem (1.5 - 2 mm wide), possibly representing part of distal branches from a liana or vine.展开更多
Cat’s claw creeper vine, Dolichandra unguis-cati (L.) Lohmann (syn. Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) Gentry), is a major environmental weed in Australia. Two forms (“long” and “short” pod) of the weed occur in Austral...Cat’s claw creeper vine, Dolichandra unguis-cati (L.) Lohmann (syn. Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) Gentry), is a major environmental weed in Australia. Two forms (“long” and “short” pod) of the weed occur in Australia. This investigation aimed to evaluate and compare germination behavior and occurrence of polyembryony (production of multiple seedlings from a single seed) in the two forms of the weed. Seeds were germinated in growth chambers set to 10/20°C, 15/25°C, 20/30°C, 30/45°C and 25°C, representing ambient temperature conditions of the region. Germination and polyembryony were monitored over a period of 12 weeks. For all the treatments in this study, seeds from the short pod form exhibited significantly higher germination rates and higher occurrence of polyembryony than those from the long pod form. Seeds from the long pod form did not germinate at the lowest temperature of 10/20°C;in contrast, those of the short pod form germinated under this condition, albeit at a lower rate. Results from this study could explain why the short pod form of D. unguis-cati is the more widely distributed form in Australia, while the long pod form is confined to a few localities. The results have implication in predicting future ranges of both forms of the invasive D. unguis-cati, as well as inform management decisions for control of the weed.展开更多
基金Supported by Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (30499340)Educational Department of Hunan Province (06c747)~~
文摘Through field investigation,specimen collection and verification,it has been found that Yunshan,Hunan,National Forest Park possesses various species of vine resources,altogether 401 species,belonging to 126 genera,49 families.Among them,herbaceous vines have 93 species,taking up 23.2% of the total;ligneous vines have 308 species,taking up 76.8%.The findings have indicated that in Yunshan,Hunan,National Forest Park,there are 13 vine families that have more than 10 species,that is,Papilionaceae,Vitaceae,Rosaceae,Cucurbitaceae,Ranunculaceae,Apocynaceae,Convolvulaceae,Menispermaceae,Celastrales,Actinidiaceae,Oleoideae,Rubioideae,and Asclepiadaceae.There are 17 vine genera with more than 5 species,that is,Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils.,Clematis L.,Polygonum L.,Actinidia Lindl.,Rubus,Phaseolus L.,Celastrus L.,Sageretia,Ampelopsis Michx.,Vitis L,Parthenocissus Planch.,Sabia Colebr.,Acanthopanax Miq.,Jasminum,Trachelospermum,Lonicera L.,and Smilax.
文摘Twining stems of plants are very common in extant tropical and subtropical forests, and the climbing growth habit of plants may be an evolutionary innovation and ecological adaptation to either closed, shady or open, edge environments. However, the origin of handedness in climbing plants remains unclear. Here we report a Miocene (ca. 16 million years ago) macrofossil from the Shanwang Formation of Shandong Province, Eastern China, unequivocally exhibiting the first direct fossil evidence for a left-handed, stem-twining growth habit in plants. This fossil plant bears a thicker, slightly curved supporting stem (2 - 3.5 mm wide), which is loosely, spirally twined by a thinner stem (1.5 - 2 mm wide), possibly representing part of distal branches from a liana or vine.
文摘Cat’s claw creeper vine, Dolichandra unguis-cati (L.) Lohmann (syn. Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) Gentry), is a major environmental weed in Australia. Two forms (“long” and “short” pod) of the weed occur in Australia. This investigation aimed to evaluate and compare germination behavior and occurrence of polyembryony (production of multiple seedlings from a single seed) in the two forms of the weed. Seeds were germinated in growth chambers set to 10/20°C, 15/25°C, 20/30°C, 30/45°C and 25°C, representing ambient temperature conditions of the region. Germination and polyembryony were monitored over a period of 12 weeks. For all the treatments in this study, seeds from the short pod form exhibited significantly higher germination rates and higher occurrence of polyembryony than those from the long pod form. Seeds from the long pod form did not germinate at the lowest temperature of 10/20°C;in contrast, those of the short pod form germinated under this condition, albeit at a lower rate. Results from this study could explain why the short pod form of D. unguis-cati is the more widely distributed form in Australia, while the long pod form is confined to a few localities. The results have implication in predicting future ranges of both forms of the invasive D. unguis-cati, as well as inform management decisions for control of the weed.
