The logic of hegemonic domination that was established in Colombia and in Latin America after the Conquest is based on a scheme of elitist power. Using the perspective of the Italian sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, we ca...The logic of hegemonic domination that was established in Colombia and in Latin America after the Conquest is based on a scheme of elitist power. Using the perspective of the Italian sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, we can classify these elites in lions or foxes. In the first case, they use the force and the violence （the Macht of Weber） to impose their sovereignty; in the second case, they use persuasion and the masquerade （the Herrschaft）---the propaganda. This power is based on a more stable legitimacy and is able to transform itself in a matrix-effect reality. This form of social control has allowed the Colombian （and Latin American） 61ites the uncontrolled starvation of the natural resources found in these territories, under the influence of a wild capitalism which is strictly linked to the mass media community of the continent. This paper will expose the panorama of community media with an ethnic perspective in Colombia that hopefully works as process to facilitate the building of social links based on dialogue, reconciliation, respect, and participation, acting as watchdog of economic and political power, reporting the injustice and looking for peace solution in the region.展开更多
Rape and sexual violence occur in all social classes and societies.In most cases,the sexual offenders are known to the victim and the majority of rapes happen in intimate relationships.Children are particularly vulner...Rape and sexual violence occur in all social classes and societies.In most cases,the sexual offenders are known to the victim and the majority of rapes happen in intimate relationships.Children are particularly vulnerable to sexual abuse,in particular,the female sex.The sexual abuse of minors is defined as“any sexual activities that an adult carries on or with a person under the age of consent.”Literature evidence that the prevalence of any type of violence among women with disabilities varies between 26.0%and 90.0%,compared to nondisabled women,showing that people with disabilities have an increased risk of suffering physical and sexual violence.Children with intellectual disabilities(ID)show a high risk of sexual victimization.The World Health Organization presently defines mental retardation as“a significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information and to learn and apply new skills(impaired intelligence).This results in a reduced ability to cope independently(impaired social functioning),and begins before adulthood,with a lasting effect on development.”The aim of this study is to investigate the correct identification of sexual abuse and severe mental retardation through the collaboration of a team of experts(forensic pathologist,psychiatrist,psychologist,gynecologist,pediatrician,and social worker).We present a case of a 12-year-old female child,who suffers from severe mental retardation and was the victim of rape by a 79-year-old man.The study shows the difficulties in discovering episodes of sexual abuse among children affected by ID by evidencing the importance of adequate analysis through a multidisciplinary approach.The work focuses on the need to improve knowledge about medical and forensic investigations through proper protocols,for early recognition and appropriate management of these complicated cases.展开更多
文摘The logic of hegemonic domination that was established in Colombia and in Latin America after the Conquest is based on a scheme of elitist power. Using the perspective of the Italian sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, we can classify these elites in lions or foxes. In the first case, they use the force and the violence （the Macht of Weber） to impose their sovereignty; in the second case, they use persuasion and the masquerade （the Herrschaft）---the propaganda. This power is based on a more stable legitimacy and is able to transform itself in a matrix-effect reality. This form of social control has allowed the Colombian （and Latin American） 61ites the uncontrolled starvation of the natural resources found in these territories, under the influence of a wild capitalism which is strictly linked to the mass media community of the continent. This paper will expose the panorama of community media with an ethnic perspective in Colombia that hopefully works as process to facilitate the building of social links based on dialogue, reconciliation, respect, and participation, acting as watchdog of economic and political power, reporting the injustice and looking for peace solution in the region.
文摘Rape and sexual violence occur in all social classes and societies.In most cases,the sexual offenders are known to the victim and the majority of rapes happen in intimate relationships.Children are particularly vulnerable to sexual abuse,in particular,the female sex.The sexual abuse of minors is defined as“any sexual activities that an adult carries on or with a person under the age of consent.”Literature evidence that the prevalence of any type of violence among women with disabilities varies between 26.0%and 90.0%,compared to nondisabled women,showing that people with disabilities have an increased risk of suffering physical and sexual violence.Children with intellectual disabilities(ID)show a high risk of sexual victimization.The World Health Organization presently defines mental retardation as“a significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information and to learn and apply new skills(impaired intelligence).This results in a reduced ability to cope independently(impaired social functioning),and begins before adulthood,with a lasting effect on development.”The aim of this study is to investigate the correct identification of sexual abuse and severe mental retardation through the collaboration of a team of experts(forensic pathologist,psychiatrist,psychologist,gynecologist,pediatrician,and social worker).We present a case of a 12-year-old female child,who suffers from severe mental retardation and was the victim of rape by a 79-year-old man.The study shows the difficulties in discovering episodes of sexual abuse among children affected by ID by evidencing the importance of adequate analysis through a multidisciplinary approach.The work focuses on the need to improve knowledge about medical and forensic investigations through proper protocols,for early recognition and appropriate management of these complicated cases.
