Using GIS Data to Build Informed Virtual Geographic Environments (IVGE)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automatically building Informed Virtual Geographic Environments (IVGE) using data provided by Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The obtained IVGE provides 2D and 3D geographic information for visualization and simulation purposes. Conventional VGE approaches are generally built upon a grid-based representation, raising the well-known problems of the lack of accuracy of the localized data and the difficulty to merge data with multiple semantics. On the contrary, our approach uses a topological model and provides an exact representation of GIS data, allowing an accurate geometrical exploitation. Moreover, our model can merge semantic information, even if spatially overlapping. In addition, the proposed IVGE contains spatial information which can be enhanced thanks to a geometric abstraction method. We illustrate this model with an application which automatically extracts the required data from standard GIS files and allows a user to navigate and retrieve information from the computed IVGE.

Architecture of HLA Based Distributed Virtual Geographic Environment

Integrating the theory of distributed virtual geographic environment (DVGE) and high level architecture(HLA), the architecture of DVGE based on HLA is designed. The data flow and the object models of the architecture are also discussed. The architecture basically meets the need of DVGE in real-time communication, distribution, collaboration, reusing and interoperation, expansion, and standard.

An Intelligent Agent Based on Virtual Geographic Environment System

On the basis of previous work, this paper designs an intelligent agent based on virtual geographic environment (VGE) system that is characterized by huge data, rapid computation, multi\|user, multi\|thread and intelligence and issues challenges to traditional GIS models and algorithms. The new advances in software and hardware technology lay a reliable basis for system design, development and application.

Generation of 3D Virtual Geographic Environment Based on Laser Scanning Technique

This paper demonstrates an experiment on the generation of 3D virtual geographic environment on the basis of experimental flight laser scanning data by a set of algorithms and methods that were developed to automatically interpret range images for extracting geo-spatial features and then to reconstruct geo-objects. The algorithms and methods for the interpretation and modeling of laser scanner data include triangulated-irregular-network (TIN)-based range image interpolation; mathematical-morphology (MM)-based range image filtering, feature extraction and range image segmentation, feature generalization and optimization, 3D objects reconstruction and modeling; computer-graphics (CG)-based visualization and animation of geographic virtual reality environment.

Recent Progress of Marine Geographic Information System in China:A Review for 2006-2010

In this article,the progress of marine geographic information system(MGIS) in China during 2006?2010 is reviewed with emphases on generic MGIS,advanced MGIS and MGIS-based applications.Generic MGIS can be divided into two categories:data-oriented MGIS and user-oriented MGIS,recent achievements of which by Chinese researchers are summarized respectively.Advanced MGIS mainly involves the establishment of 3D virtual marine environment and 'Digital Ocean'.An overview of the 3D MGIS based simulations in the context of ocean phenomena,ocean engineering and ocean battlefield is also presented.Several sug-gestions for future development of MGIS in China are proposed,and trends of development are addressed.

Geographic scenario:a possible foundation for further development of virtual geographic environments

It has been two decades since virtual geographic environments(VGEs)were initially proposed.While relevant theories and technologies are evolving,data organization models have always been the foundation of VGE development,and they require further exploration.Based on the comprehensive consideration of the characteristics of VGEs,geographic scene is proposed to organize geographic information and data.We empirically find that geographic scene provides a suitable organization schema to support geo-visualization,geo-simulation,and geo-collaboration.To systematically investigate the concept and method of geographic scene,Geographic Scenario is proposed as the theory on developing geographic scene,and corresponding key issues of the Geographic Scenario are illustrated in this article.Prospects of the proposed method are discussed with the hope of informing future studies of VGEs.

Literary placemaking and narrative immersion in extended reality virtual geographic environments

Virtual geographical environments(VGEs)are being used to represent our sense of place through the application of extended-reality or cross-reality(XR)technologies with a focus on technological advancement and immersion.In light of this,we propose that an expanded and interdisciplinary understanding of the concept of immersion is required to facilitate an understanding of spatial data to a broader audience.The potential of focusing on narrative immersion and literary placemaking in VGEs is discussed to evoke a stronger sense of place and a feeling of presence and belonging in users.This paper seeks to highlight the unique affordances and potentialities of XR narrative style GIS digital representations through an interdisciplinary theoretically lead analysis of outputs created by the Building City dashboards project towards the goal of expanding audiences of non-specialist stakeholders in urban planning processes.

Abstraction of informed virtual geographic environments

We propose a novel method for the automated generation of virtual geographic environments that allows using geographic information system data to build what we call informed virtual geographic environment(IVGE).The description of an IVGE integrates semantic information expressed using conceptual graphs,a standard knowledge representation technique.In addition,we propose an abstraction process that uses geometric,topologic,and semantic characteristics of geographic features to build a hierarchical graph-based structure describing this IVGE.Our IVGE model enables the support of large-scale and complex geographic environment modeling for multiagent geo-simulations in which the agents are situated and with which they interact.

Spatial simulation using abstraction of virtual geographic environments

In this paper,we address two challenging issues underlying spatial simulation using software agents immersed in virtual geographic environments(VGE).First,the way to describe virtual VGE models using accurate spatial decomposition approaches structured using graph theory techniques.Second,the use of graph abstraction techniques to support realistic and advanced navigation and path planning capabilities for software agents considering the VGE’s characteristics.In order to illustrate our contributions to the growing field of spatial simulations,we present and discuss a case study involving an urban VGE model populated with agents who autonomously and differently interact with multiple abstractions of the same physical environment.

一种面向DVGE的移动Agent计算模型

讨论了移动Agent技术的特点及其在分布式虚拟地理环境(distributed virtual geographic environment,DVGE)中的应用优势,设计了混合式Agent控制结构,提出了一种移动Agent计算模型,并就移动A-gent开发平台选择、动态路由控制策略、用户和共享资源管理等与原型系统实现相关的一些关键问题进行了讨论。

VGE多用户协作建模与虚拟演示

提出将多智能体技术集成到虚拟地理环境(VGE)中,以有效地虚拟表达面向"人"GIS。主要研究VGE中基于遗传算法(GA)和多智能体系统(MAS)的多用户之间的协作。分析和研究了基于GA的多用户集体操作行为学习的算法,建立多智能体与对象之间动态交互的动力学作用模型和运动策略;最后以进化的3个智能体如何协作完成群体推立方体箱任务为例,基于V-Realm Builder 2.0设计了VGE中3用户集体推箱的虚拟世界原型,并用Simulink 6.0进行建模与虚拟演示。

Ontology_CVGE:本体支持下的协同虚拟地理环境框架

为地理问题的群体协同决策提供可视化环境是协同虚拟地理环境的基本目标。协同决策是一个领域知识驱动的过程,而本体是目前用于领域知识表达与相关概念描述的重要工具。因此,在分析知识表达在协同虚拟地理环境中所具有的重要意义基础上,提出协同虚拟地理环境中群体决策的迭代过程模型,并以森林灭火决策为例,构建支撑协同虚拟地理环境的本体知识库。最后,综合上述研究成果设计了本体支持下的协同虚拟地理环境框架—Ontology_CVGE。

基于虚拟地理环境的山区铁路施工便道设计与方案比选方法

为了解决山区铁路工程环境险峻处施工便道难以快速设计与直观展现的问题,本文基于虚拟地理环境提出一种山区铁路施工便道设计与方案比选方法。首先,对DEM数据进行规则格网划分,统计各格网的高程差从而给出填挖方量的计算方法;然后,将施工便道分段,设置边坡类型检测点,判断边坡类型;最后,在虚拟地理环境中进行施工便道设计,并计算相关经济效益信息,据此进行设计方案对比和分析。以天陇铁路施工便道设计与方案比选为例开展研究分析,结果表明,本文方法能在虚拟地理环境中一键快速生成施工便道模型,数据统计信息为准确开展便道方案的比选和辅助决策提供技术支撑。

基于图像翻译技术的城市街景模拟系统设计与实现

针对虚拟地理环境场景复杂多变、城市环境模拟效果较差等问题,结合多视图协同交互可视化、WebGIS等技术,构建了一个综合的虚拟地理环境模拟系统,对用户需求、系统架构进行分析,设计了数据库和系统功能,介绍了基础操作模块、空间数据的可视化展示和专题模拟等高级功能。通过实验验证,该系统有效地提升了虚拟地理环境构建的效率和真实感,为智慧城市建设和决策支持提供了有力的工具和平台。

An integrated virtual geographic environmental simulation framework:a case study of flood disaster simulation

Dynamic flood disaster simulation is an emerging and promising technology significantly useful in urban planning,risk assessment,and integrated decision support systems.It is still an important issue to integrate the large assets such as dynamic observational data,numerical flood simulation models,geographic information technologies,and computing resources into a unified framework.For the intended end user,it is also a holistic solution to create computer interpretable representations and gain insightful understanding of the dynamic disaster processes,the complex impacts,and interactions of disaster factors.In particular,it is still difficult to access and join harmonized data,processing algorithms,and models that are provided by different environmental information infrastructures.In this paper,we demonstrate a virtual geographic environments-based integrated environmental simulation framework for flood disaster management based on the notion of interlinked resources,which is capable of automated accumulating and manipulating of sensor data,creating dynamic geo-analysis and three-dimensional visualizations of ongoing geo-process,and updating the contents of simulation models representing the real environment.The prototype system is evaluated by applying it as a proof of concept to integrate in situ weather observations,numerical weather and flood disaster simulation models,visualization,and analysis of the real time flood event.Case applications indicate that the developed framework can be adopted for use by decision-makers for short-term planning and control since the resulting simulation and visualization are completely based on the latest status of environment.

认识论逆镜模型对VR理解及VGE构建的启发

随着虚拟地理环境理论、方法、技术与应用的不断深入,关于认知主体的"人"的认知研究成为一个不可回避的课题。从现实感由来的哲学探讨出发,引出认识论存在观下认知逆镜模型的概念及其描述,并在认知逆镜模型框架下,对虚拟现实(包含增强现实)的概念与特点加以了理解和总结,以此为基础,探讨了逆镜模型对基于虚拟现实技术的虚拟地理环境构建的启发,强调以人为主体的虚拟地理环境构建。

基于三维虚拟地理环境的历史街道空间感知研究——以厦门鼓浪屿为例

历史街道是城市文化的物质载体和城市形态的重要组成部分,以其独有的价值成为激活城市文脉的重要驱动力。数字文旅背景下,三维虚拟地理环境的应用为历史街道空间保护研究提供了新的视角和可视化途径。关注、量化和精细分析历史街道步行者的空间感知是提升其空间品质与活力的重要手段。以城市意象、步行性5D理论和环境行为学理论为基础,提出一种基于虚拟地理环境实验的历史街道步行感知评价框架,并将其应用于鼓浪屿案例的实证研究中。研究结果发现:(1)在物理维度上,综合型街道具有较高的意向性,交通型街道透明度较低,商住型街道和生活型街道在围合度和复杂度上相对较高;(2)物质环境与心理之间作用机理的结果表明,街道高宽比、开敞度等要素是影响心理感知的主要变量;(3)基于人的心理感知的街道空间优化方法能够精准改善历史街道空间品质。研究结果验证了虚拟地理环境实验在评估历史街道步行感知方面的有效性,可为历史街道保护和空间优化提供决策参考。

虚拟地理环境的智能交互研究进展及其耦合联动方案

虚拟地理环境是表示和模拟真实世界的有效工具,如何建立环境到人的刺激评估交互过程是需要考虑的问题.目前多维度、多模式地理环境可视化系统的交互和反馈方式比较割裂,整体认知耦合性仍存在不足.总结虚拟地理环境智能交互研究现状,并对二、三维地理环境联动耦合认知进行研究.提出使用3D打印技术、电子地图技术、二维条形码技术和图像识别技术等构建二、三维耦合模型,探索系统自适应匹配联动耦合认知方案;在模型中采用以眼动控制交互技术为主,辅以语音、手势等自然交互方式,优化资源分配和认知效果,提升地理信息传输和认知交互效率;然后,对虚实地理空间多通道认知负荷进行分析,通过眼动参数指标量化监控、分析和优化认知负荷,提出基于注视点渲染的认知效能优化理论模型,提升交互体验.

基于全景图像的虚拟野外场景构建方法

提出一种基于全景影像的野外虚拟环境快速构建方法,通过对全景影像进行轮廓识别、深度估计和图像修复等处理,得到基于图像的场景信息,根据用户的位置渲染对应的全景图像,获得支持有限范围内6自由度沉浸式漫游的虚拟野外环境,并从图像质量的用户主观感受及客观指标两个方面对该方法的实用性进行验证,证明该方法使用较方便,具有较好的应用效果,可用于虚拟化野外地质教学。

虚拟地理环境中全景图深度信息恢复与应用

针对空中全景图深度信息缺失导致无法进行空间分析量算的问题,本文提出一种基于虚拟地理环境的众源空中全景图深度信息恢复与空间分析量算应用的方法。首先,利用数字地表模型和倾斜摄影测量三维模型构建目标区域高精度虚拟地理环境,设计改进的后方交会算法解算众源空中全景图的拍摄参数;其次,采用射线求交算法计算全景图像点与地面点的距离并生成全景深度图;最后,设计基于深度信息的空中全景图空间分析量算模型,并在登封地区进行实验。结果表明,通过人机交互的方式,利用基于空中全景图深度信息的空间分析量算模型,能够对目标区域开展环境勘察,验证了该方法的有效性。