LOCAL ARTIFICIAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR THEINCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS FLOW IN A SLIP CHANNEL

In this paper we consider numerical simulation of incompressible viscous flow in a infinite slip channel. Local artificial boundary conditions at an artificial boundary are derived by the continuity of velocity and normal stress at the segment artificial boundary. The the original problem is reduced to a boundary value problem on a bounded computational domain. Numerical example shows that our artificial boundary conditions are very effective.

NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF WHOLE FIELD BEHAVIOR FOR ROUND BUOYANT JET

Two-scale k-Ε turbulence model was used to obtain a mathematical model of round buoyant jet in static environment. In this paper the hybrid finite analytic method and staggered grid were applied to calculate the whole field of this flow pattern. The agreement between the calculated results and experimental data for gross behavior is good.

Flow Dynamics of a Spiral-groove Dry-gas Seal

The dry-gas seal has been widely used in different industries. With increased spin speed of the rotator shaft, turbulence occurs in the gas film between the stator and rotor seal faces. For the micro-scale flow in the gas film and grooves, turbulence can change the pressure distribution of the gas film. Hence, the seal performance is influenced. However, turbulence effects and methods for their evaluation are not considered in the existing industrial designs of dry-gas seal. The present paper numerically obtains the turbulent flow fields of a spiral-groove dry-gas seal to analyze turbulence effects on seal performance. The direct numerical simulation （DNS） and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes （RANS） methods are utilized to predict the velocity field properties in the grooves and gas film. The key performance parameter, open force, is obtained by integrating the pressure distribution, and the obtained result is in good agreement with the experimental data of other researchers. Very large velocity gradients are found in the sealing gas film because of the geometrical effects of the grooves. Considering turbulence effects, the calculation results show that both the gas film pressure and open force decrease. The RANS method underestimates the performance, compared with the DNS. The solution of the conventional Reynolds lubrication equation without turbulence effects suffers from significant calculation errors and a small application scope. The present study helps elucidate the physical mechanism of the hydrodynamic effects of grooves for improving and optimizing the industrial design or seal face pattern of a dry-gas seal.

基于FLOW-3D软件的旋流起旋室水力特性数值模拟

文章采用FLOW-3D软件,通过RNGk-ε模型和volume of fluid(VOF)方法相结合,实现了竖井水平旋流泄洪洞水力特性的三维水流流场数值模拟;对开敞式进水口轴线与旋流洞轴线交角不同时起旋室的压强分布、旋流角和紊动能等水力特性进行了对比分析研究,数值模拟能够客观地反映起旋室旋流的流场特性,成果可为旋流溢洪道的研究应用提供参考.

基于Flow-3D的陡坡弯道水流三维数值模拟

弯道急流有其独特的冲击波现象,流态极其复杂,为研究弯道对急流的影响和提出改善措施增添了困难。采用RNG k-ε双方程紊流模型和VOF法,以某工程溢洪道为依托,利用Flow-3D软件,对陡坡弯道段的急流进行了三维数值模拟,通过物理模型试验数据的验证,显示数值模拟结果的正确性。通过计算结果,分析了陡坡弯道对急流流态的影响,提出了导流墙法的弯道急流优化方案,通过物理模型进一步证明,采用导流墙法可有效改善急流弯道水流流态,表明借助Flow-3D软件对弯道水流进行三维数值模拟是可行的。

基于SA模型的改进延迟分离涡模拟方法研究

流动分离问题的精细化模拟需求日益增加,传统的URANS方法已经无法满足精细化模拟要求,以基于SA的RANS/LES混合方法为基础,对DES方法中存在的网格诱导分离(Grid Induced Separation,GIS)问题及DDES方法存在的对数层不匹配(Log Level Mismatch,LLM)问题进行了改进,进一步发展了IDDES方法。通过对单圆柱绕流、亚音速三角翼及CRM-HL高升力标模算例的仿真验证该方法的有效性。数值结果分析表明:与URANS方法相比,DES类混合方法模拟精度更高,能更好地反映出流场丰富的涡系结构;与DES和DDES方法相比,发展的IDDES方法由于克服了DES和DDES方法的缺陷,数值模拟结果更接近实验值,可见IDDES方法具有很好的优越性和工程实用性。

基于自适应修正模型的飞行器外流场三维计算方法

目前飞行器外流场仿真方法中存在流体可压缩性判断依赖经验知识以及目标外流场三维仿真缺乏封闭约束条件的问题。对此,提出一种基于自适应修正模型的三维外流场数值计算方法。根据飞行器外流场变异系数先验知识,采用加权平均N-S方程表示可压缩流体物理量分布,同时利用膨胀压缩修正和激波不定项修正两种策略自适应地修正k-ε湍流模型的可压缩性约束条件,并采用壁面函数对近壁区进行近似计算修正约束条件。以某型号无人机外流场分布三维建模仿真实验,结果表明:当飞行器速度达到1.5马赫时,可压缩修正模型出现边界约束条件临界值,所提自适应可压缩修正算法能有效判断气体可压缩性的变化并提升流体分布计算的准确性。

NUMERICAL TECHNIQUE FOR TURBULENT TIDAL FLOW FIELD WITH ICE COVERS

Numerical modelling technique for ice flowing and melting field in coastal tidal currents for cooling water engineering design and research was presented based on k-Ε turbulence mathematical model and discretized moving-boundary-fitting coordinate system. To treat the complicated geometric, topographic and hydraulic conditions in a natural estuarine water were given. Numerical results show that model is practical and efficient to cooling water engineering research. An engineering application has been conducted by using the prediction on ice reduction and melting process by heated water discharges.

玛瑙河三道坝流场的数值模拟分析

为验证玛瑙河三道坝体型设计的合理性,采用Fluent软件对三道坝流场进行了数值模拟,分析了三道坝泄流能力、水面线、底板压强、水流空化系数及典型断面流速分布等重要水力参数。数值模拟与公式计算结果吻合较好,说明数值模拟的模型建立、网格划分、边界条件定义、参数选取合适,Fluent软件能用于溢流坝的水力特性研究,可以供大坝体形优化设计参考。

Large Eddy Simulation of Flow Field in Vector Flow Clean-Room

The turbulent large eddy simulation (LES) technique and the finite element method (FEM) of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used to predict the three-dimensional flow field in a vector flow clean-room under empty state and static state conditions. The partly expanded Taylor-Galerkin (TG) discretization scheme is combined with implicit stream-upwind diffusion in the finite element formulation of the basic equations with Gauss filtering. The vortex viscosity subgrid model is used in the numerical simulation. The numerical results agree well with the available experimental data, showing that the LES method can more accurately predict the size and location of large eddies in clean-rooms than the standard k-ε two equation model.

粗糙元取向对湍流统计量影响的数值研究

采用直接数值模拟方法研究了椭球体粗糙元取向对粗糙壁槽道湍流统计量的影响,其中,粗糙元几何采用清晰界面浸没边界方法直接解析。考虑了四种不同粗糙元取向的粗糙壁,包括随机取向、垂直放置、朝下游倾斜45°、朝上游倾斜45°,对于每种取向选取三种不同粗糙元间距。模拟结果显示:粗糙元取向对湍流统计量有显著影响;对于小粗糙元间距(l=2.0r,其中r为椭球体的最短半轴长),“随机取向”粗糙壁的砂粒粗糙度长度(k_(s))大于其他粗糙壁;对于大粗糙元间距(l=2.8r、3.5r),“垂直放置”粗糙壁的k_(s)最大;“朝下游倾斜45°”和“朝上游倾斜45°”粗糙壁的k_(s)值和雷诺正应力(以壁面摩擦速度无量纲化)基本相同,并且其流向雷诺正应力远高于其他粗糙壁。另一方面,“朝下游倾斜45°”粗糙壁的流向分散应力高于“朝上游倾斜45°”粗糙壁;垂向和横向分散应力远小于流向分散应力,其中“随机取向”粗糙壁的垂向和横向分散应力幅值最高.

基于RANS/LES混合方法的箱梁气动导纳函数研究

为了研究RANS/LES(Reynolds-averaged navier-stokes/large eddy simulation)混合方法在桥梁非定常气动力的应用以及大积分尺度湍流中桥梁断面的气动导纳函数,首先选取3种典型的RANS/LES混合方法,即SBES(stress-blended eddy simulation)方法、SAS(scale-adaptive simulation)方法、WMLES(wall-modeled LES)方法,分别对3种方法的特点和适用性进行简要的概述,然后在均匀流中将其用于箱梁断面和分离式双箱梁断面气动力的计算,最后在提出的改进湍流合成方法基础上,实现了与实际桥位处积分尺度类似的大积分尺度湍流模拟,在此流场中识别了箱梁断面的气动导纳函数。数值计算结果表明,SBES方法适用于弱流动不稳定和强流动不稳定流场气动力的模拟,SAS方法仅适用于显著流动分离的断面,而WMLES方法对两种断面整体表现都较差。对于流线型箱梁断面,大积分尺度湍流场中识别的升力气动导纳在低频处大于Sears函数和小尺度湍流场中的结果,并显著大于节段模型风洞试验结果。在高频处大积分尺度湍流场的结果与小尺度湍流场以及风洞试验结果吻合较好。研究结果表明,将传统小尺度格栅湍流场风洞试验识别的气动导纳用于桥梁抖振分析时,会导致低频处的抖振力显著偏小。

使用PAFV湍流模型对叶栅流动的数值研究

为进一步发展更有效的湍流模型,提高对高负荷跨声速压气机流动的数值计算精度,以侧偏平均脉动速度和应变率张量为基础构造了新的侧偏平均脉动速度(partial average fluctuation velocity, PAFV)湍流模型。在使用Python计算机语言进行编程计算过程中,将流动控制方程在一般曲线坐标系下变换后,采用有限差分方法进行空间离散。方程对流项采用Steger-Warming通量向量分裂法,扩散项采用中心差分格式离散,时间导数项采用具有TVD(total variation diminishing)性质的二阶Runge-Kutta法离散。使用该湍流模型对德国航空航天研究试验院的L030-4叶栅亚声速和超声速流动进行了计算,在进行网格无关性研究基础上,获得了流场压力等值线云图、马赫数等值线云图,压力系数分布等结果。计算显示侧偏平均脉动速度在激波附近区域受到明显抑制,避免了激波附近区域出现过大的湍流黏性。数值计算结果与实验符合比较好,初步验证了PAFV湍流模型可以有效地模拟该类型的叶栅流动。

Hydraulic Modeling of A Curtain-Walled Dissipater by the Coupling of RANS and Boussinesq Equations

A hybrid numerical method for the hydraulic modeling of a curtain-walled dissipater of reflected waves from breakwaters is presented. In this method, a zonal approach that combines a nonlinear weakly dispersive wave (Boussinesq-type equation) method and a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method is used. The Boussinesq-type equation is solved in the far field to describe wave transformation in shallow water. The RANS method is used in die near field to resolve the turbulent boundary layer and vortex flows around the structure. Suitable matching conditions are enforced at the interface between the viscous and the Boussinesq region. The Coupled RANS and Boussinesq method successfully resolves the vortex characteristics of flow in the vicinity of the structure, while unexpected phenomena like wave re-reflection are effectively controlled by lengthening the Boussinesq region. Extensive results on hydraulic performance of a curtain-walled dissipater and the mechanism of dissipation of reflected waves are presented, providing a reference for minimization of die breadth of the water chamber and for determination of the submerged depth of the curtain wall.

NUMERICAL STUDY OF TURBULENT JETS CONFINED BETWEEN TWO CONCENTRIC SPHERES

In this paper a numerical method for understanding the flow pattern and calculating the available torque in a single axis subsystem version of advanced inertial reference sphere was provided. The governing equations were parabolized in stream-wise direction. The SIMPLEC algorithm coupled with an algebraic second-moment closure of turbulence was applied to solving the equations. Computational results were compared with measurements.

高比转数轴流泵水力模型设计与紊流数值分析

为满足低扬程泵站工程建设的需要,采用简单径向平衡流动模型和二维叶栅面元法叶片造型方法设计高比转数轴流泵水力模型。并用RNG k-ε紊流模型对水力模型进行数值分析,分析过程考虑了叶轮叶顶间隙的影响。模型试验表明,设计点相当准确。数值分析在设计点附近精度较好,能满足工程应用的要求,但在非设计工况误差较大。计算还表明,叶轮在正扬程时就出现了负的轴向力,从而解释了立式泵在低扬程运行时的抬机现象。

轿车室内流场的数值模拟研究

轿车室内流场的数值模拟是轿车室内环境空气品质评价与研究的基础。本文选择RNGk?ε湍流模型,采用分区域划分网格的方法,并利用MonteCarlo法分析了太阳辐射引起的车体各固面的附加热流变化,对轿车室内空气三维流场和温度场进行了数值模拟研究,为轿车室内环境的舒适性评价和轿车室内通风性能的优化提供了参考。

绕船体粘性自由面流动的数值计算(英文)

考虑自由面的船舶粘性流动计算由于其复杂性和对计算机硬件的较高要求 ,只是到了最近几年才得到较大发展 ,而在国内尚属起步阶段。本文使用VOF方法计算了绕Wigley船型的粘性自由面流动 ,湍流模式选择了SSTk -ω模型。计算获得了船体上波形以及船波等值线图。同时考察了三个不同横截面上的流动状况。计算得到的阻力还和发表的试验结果作了对比 。

KVLCC2船模斜航运动粘性流场及水动力数值计算

采用CFD商业软件FLUENT对KVLCC2模型的斜航运动粘性流场进行数值模拟,计算得到了不同漂角时的横向水动力、首摇力矩、船体表面压力分布及尾流场,通过将计算结果与试验结果进行比较,验证了文中计算方法的有效性。文中采用SST k-ω和RNG k-ε两种湍流模式进行了水动力计算及流场数值模拟,通过将其结果与试验结果进行比较,得出了SST k-ω模式较RNG k-ε模式更为适合于实际船型的斜航运动粘性水动力计算和流场数值模拟的结论。