Measuring the spatial quality of bedrooms in nursing homes with visual environmental performance

The elderly's perception of their environment largely depends on acquired visual information.This study provides a quantitative analytical method for designing bedrooms in nursing homes by developing a computational model that uses viewing distance,viewing angle,and viewing field as variables.The model is utilized to measure a range of visual environmental properties,including privacy,accessibility,permeability,and visibility,which reflect the quality of bedrooms in nursing homes.The suitability levels of bedroom planes for the elderly and their main living functions as well as the fitting degree of the functional layout are calculated based on these data.After validating the computational moders feasibility,this study optimizes the typical schemes of single and double rooms in nursing homes.Results reveal certain advantages of the arrangement where bathroom doors are set toward the inside of the bedroom and double rooms have a large width.The computational model can be used in measuring the spatial quality of bedrooms in nursing homes and as a mathematical model for related algorithm design and software programming to assist in the design and optimization of bedrooms for the elderly.

Visual fatigue relief zone in an extra-long tunnel using virtual reality with wearable EEG-based devices

Long-time driving and monotonous visual environment increase the safety risk of driving in an extra-long tunnel. Driving fatigue can be effectively relieved by setting the visual fatigue relief zone in the tunnel. However, the setting form of visual fatigue relief zone, such as its length and location, is difficult to be designed and quantified. By integrating virtual reality(VR) apparatus with wearable electroencephalogram(EEG)-based devices, a hybrid method was proposed in this study to assist analyzers to formulate the layout of visual fatigue relief zone in the extra-long tunnel.The virtual environment of this study was based on an 11.5 km extra-long tunnel located in Yunnan Province in China.The results indicated that the use of natural landscape decoration inside the tunnel could improve driving fatigue with the growth rate of attention of the driver increased by more than 20%. The accumulation of driving fatigue had a negative effect on the fatigue relief. The results demonstrated that the optimal location of the fatigue relief zone was at the place where driving fatigue had just occurred rather than at the place where a certain amount of driving fatigue had accumulated.

基于Visual Environment的铝合金增材制造温度场数值模拟

为了探究工艺参数对增材制造温度场的影响,利用Visual Environment软件建立4043铝合金增材制造有限元模型,考察增材制造沉积方向、层间间隔时间和基板预热温度对温度场的影响,并通过试验验证模拟结果。结果表明,随间隔时间和增材制造层数增加,第1层中点峰值温度与谷值温度逐渐降低,反向沉积增材制造可获得更好的成形质量,合理范围内的基板预热可使成形件温度分布更均匀,可为增材成形参数优化提供参考。

Unsuspected implications arising from assumptions in simulations: insights from recasting a forest growth model in system dynamics

Background:Familiarity with a simulation platform can seduce modellers into accepting untested assumptions for convenience of implementation.These assumptions may have consequences greater than commonly suspected,and it is important that modellers remain mindful of assumptions and remain diligent with sensitivity testing.Methods:Familiarity with a technique can lead to complacency,and alternative approaches and software can reveal untested assumptions.Visual modelling environments based on system dynamics may help to make critical assumptions more evident by offering an accessible visual overview and empowering a focus on representational rather than computational efficiency.This capacity is illustrated using a cohort-based forest growth model developed for mixed species forest.Results:The alternative model implementation revealed that untested assumptions in the original model could have substantial influence on simulated outcomes.Conclusions:An important implication is that modellers should remain conscious of all assumptions,consider alternative implementations that reveal assumptions more clearly,and conduct sensitivity tests to inform decisions.

Recent Progress of Marine Geographic Information System in China:A Review for 2006-2010

In this article,the progress of marine geographic information system(MGIS) in China during 2006?2010 is reviewed with emphases on generic MGIS,advanced MGIS and MGIS-based applications.Generic MGIS can be divided into two categories:data-oriented MGIS and user-oriented MGIS,recent achievements of which by Chinese researchers are summarized respectively.Advanced MGIS mainly involves the establishment of 3D virtual marine environment and 'Digital Ocean'.An overview of the 3D MGIS based simulations in the context of ocean phenomena,ocean engineering and ocean battlefield is also presented.Several sug-gestions for future development of MGIS in China are proposed,and trends of development are addressed.

间隙填充模型增材制造温度场数值模拟

为探究间隙填充模型提高表面质量的热原因,课题组利用Visual Environment软件建立电弧增材制造间隙填充有限元模型,分析了基体与填充体的温度历程,对比间隙填充模型与传统搭接模型中间道温度场变化,探讨填充体增材方向及冷却时间对温度场的影响,并通过试验验证模拟结果。结果表明:间隙填充体峰值温度相较搭接体温度降低了176℃,基体与填充体运动同向与反向差别较小;随着冷却时间增加,填充体中点峰值温度逐渐减少且幅度变缓。间隙填充使峰值温度明显降低,基体与填充体同向及适当增加冷却时间可使增材制造温度分布更加均匀,得到更好的表面质量。

Comparison of the Feasible Schemes for HT-7U Assembly Simulation

The whole superconducting HT-7U Tokamak is a high-cost and large-scale complicated device. The assembly requirement of HT-7U device is arduous and strict. At present, there have been no guiding principle for the assembly of the device, but assembly simulation can help the engineer plan and make decision by an intuitional and visual way before its actual assembly. The problem is that which scheme is most suitable should be solved primarily. From current research situation and technology progress of assembly simulation, this paper explained and analyzed four kinds of technological schemes of assembly simulation in common use. Finally, we got the most feasible scheme that was suitable for HT-7U assembly simulation by comparing their technological issues and difficult points of simulation among the four kinds of feasible schemes.

Quantitative Analysis and Research on the Renewal of Historic Blocks: A Case Study of Chuancheng Street in Handan City

Based on the problems found in the study of historical blocks, the paper puts forward the quantifiable standards for maintaining the spatial characteristics of historical blocks by analyzing the key factors of update strategy that influence the spatial characteristics of historical blocks. Combined with the update planning of the north section of Chuancheng Street, a historic block in Handan City, the block space is digitally simulated by space syntax software Depthmap, to study the behavior path and visual field in the renewal of historic blocks. The development strategy of both protection and renewal is put forward, in order to accumulate experience for the sustainable development of historic blocks.

A review and prospect on research progress of adjustable transparent envelope

Considered as the best light source so far,daylight has attracted continuing attention in indoor environment design area.Successful daylighting design could reduce considerable amount of building energy consumption,while retain a satisfactory occupant comfort and working efficiency.Transparent building envelope takes a dominant position in daylighting design as well as solar radiation heat gain,thus attracts attentions from all over the world.Unable to respond to dynamic outdoor environmental parameters,conventional transparent envelope cannot adapt to the continuous development of green building performance requirements,thus the adjustable transparent envelope technologies have become the research focus.In this paper,recent progress on adjustable transparent envelope technologies was collected and analyzed.Their detailed working principle as well as application scope were classified and discussed.Result indicates that existing studies mainly focus on the development of material and equipment.In the aspect of comprehensive application optimization design and control strategy development,the research gap still exists.