Quantitative Indexes of Streetscape Visual Evaluation and Validity Analysis

To establish valid indexes for streetscape visual evaluation, this paper proposed 6 quantitative indexes to refl ect objective visual properties of streetscapes based on the image processing concept, and took real digital images of 10 pedestrian streets to verify the validity. Mathematical analysis of subjective and objective indexes showed that street width/height ratio, street width, sky openness index, visual entropy and color richness index could refl ect objective visual properties of streetscape(correlation coeffi cient r > 0.633, signifi cance P < 0.05); visual complexity accounted for the highest percentage in the evaluation conclusion(22.6%), so it was the most signifi cant infl uence factor.

Study on Visually Design of Indexable Insert Tip

In order to improve the development efficiency of the indexable insert tip, three-dimensional parametric and visualization applications program of indexable insert tip was developed in AutoCAD VBA （Visual Basic for Applications）. The software could significantly improve the modeling efficiency of indexable insert tip and the model could also be used to static analysis, dynamic analysis and thermodynamic analysis. All aspects of performance could be fully understood by the finite element analysis. The ref- erence for the blade parameters preferred is also provided.

Quantitative CT Indexes and CT Visual Score in Interstitial Lung Abnormality as Indicators of Concurrent Lung Cancer

Background: The associations between the severity of interstitial lung disease and the stage and histologic type of concurrent lung cancer remain unknown. Purpose: To evaluate whether the severity of interstitial lung abnormality (ILA), as indicated by quantitative computed tomographic (CT) indexes and CT visual score, was correlated with the stage and histological type of concurrent lung cancer. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight patients with surgically diagnosed lung cancer and ILA on CT were enrolled in this retrospective study. The subjects were allocated to one of three groups by histological type: adenocarcinoma group (13 subjects);squamous cell carcinoma group (10 subjects);and the other histological diagnosis group (5 subjects). Two independent observers evaluated the CT findings to determine the CT visual score, and the kurtosis and skewness of CT-based density histograms were determined. The relationships between severity of ILA and the pathological stage and histological type of concurrent lung cancer were evaluated. Results: There were no significant differences in the CT visual scores and quantitative indexes among the three groups. CT visual score was significantly negatively correlated with pathological stage (r = &#8722;0.43, P = 0.025). Conclusion: Patients can have only mild ILA on visual scoring but advanced lung cancer. Therefore, the frequency of follow-up examination should not be based on the severity of ILA on CT.

食物饱腹感研究及其测试技术进展

饱腹感,即为进食后满足感和不再渴望进食的状态,在维护正常食欲、控制体质量、预防肥胖及改善代谢性疾病方面具有重要意义。文章系统分析影响饱腹感的多种因素,包括食物成分、感官特征、能量密度、心理因素及饮食行为等,并阐述这些因素对饱腹感的作用机制。同时,重点介绍模拟视觉量表、胃肠道激素检测及闪烁扫描等新兴技术在饱腹感测试中的应用,展示这些技术在评估饱腹感方面的科学性和有效性。此外,文章还讨论饱腹感及其测试技术的研究意义与未来展望,旨在为饱腹感相关机制的深入研究、饱腹感测试技术的创新以及高饱腹感食品的开发提供理论支持和实践参考。

如何利用Visual Foxpro6.0编制期刊索引

介绍利用VisualFoxpro 6.0编制主题索引、作者索引、页码索引。

用Visual LISP实现弧面分度凸轮的三维实体造型

介绍了一种运用AutoCAD 2 0 0 0二次开发工具VisualLISP实现复杂机械零件三维实体造型的思想方法 ,完成了微晶玻璃压制成型机专用弧面分度凸轮的可视化工作 ,有助于及时发现、解决设计中存在的问题。

Visualization for Explanation of Deep Learning-Based Defect Detection Model Using Class Activation Map

Recently,convolutional neural network(CNN)-based visual inspec-tion has been developed to detect defects on building surfaces automatically.The CNN model demonstrates remarkable accuracy in image data analysis;however,the predicted results have uncertainty in providing accurate informa-tion to users because of the“black box”problem in the deep learning model.Therefore,this study proposes a visual explanation method to overcome the uncertainty limitation of CNN-based defect identification.The visual repre-sentative gradient-weights class activation mapping(Grad-CAM)method is adopted to provide visually explainable information.A visualizing evaluation index is proposed to quantitatively analyze visual representations;this index reflects a rough estimate of the concordance rate between the visualized heat map and intended defects.In addition,an ablation study,adopting three-branch combinations with the VGG16,is implemented to identify perfor-mance variations by visualizing predicted results.Experiments reveal that the proposed model,combined with hybrid pooling,batch normalization,and multi-attention modules,achieves the best performance with an accuracy of 97.77%,corresponding to an improvement of 2.49%compared with the baseline model.Consequently,this study demonstrates that reliable results from an automatic defect classification model can be provided to an inspector through the visual representation of the predicted results using CNN models.

Integration system research and development for three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf

An integration processing system of three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf was developed. It is provided with multiple functions, such as laser scanning information management for goaf, cloud data de-noising optimization, construction, display and operation of three-dimensional model, model editing, profile generation, calculation of goaf volume and roof area, Boolean calculation among models and interaction with the third party soft ware. Concerning this system with a concise interface, plentiful data input/output interfaces, it is featured with high integration, simple and convenient operations of applications. According to practice, in addition to being well-adapted, this system is favorably reliable and stable.

利用Visual Basic 6.0计算粘度指数

利用Visual Basic6.0语言编制了计算粘度指数的应用程序,该程序计算粘度指数既快又准确。

No-Reference Image Quality Assessment Method Based on Visual Parameters

Recent studies on no-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) methods usually learn to evaluate the image quality by regressing from human subjective scores of the training samples. This study presented an NR-IQA method based on the basic image visual parameters without using human scored image databases in learning. We demonstrated that these features comprised the most basic characteristics for constructing an image and influencing the visual quality of an image. In this paper, the definitions, computational method, and relationships among these visual metrics were described. We subsequently proposed a no-reference assessment function, which was referred to as a visual parameter measurement index (VPMI), based on the integration of these visual metrics to assess image quality. It is established that the maximum of VPMI corresponds to the best quality of the color image. We verified this method using the popular assessment database—image quality assessment database (LIVE), and the results indicated that the proposed method matched better with the subjective assessment of human vision. Compared with other image quality assessment models, it is highly competitive. VPMI has low computational complexity, which makes it promising to implement in real-time image assessment systems.

Correlation between visual function and refractive,topographic, pachymetric and aberrometric data in eyes with keratoconus

AIMTo analyze the relationship between two visual functions and refractive, topographic, pachymetric and aberrometric indicators in eyes with keratoconus.METHODSCorrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and letter contrast sensitivity (CS) were correlated with refraction, corneal topography, pachymetry, and total corneal wavefront data prospectively in 71 eyes with keratoconus. The topographic indices assessed were simulated keratometry for the flattest and steepest meridians (SimK1 and SimK2), posterior steeper K (Ks), elevation value in best-fit sphere (BFS) maps, squared eccentricity (Є2), aspheric asymmetric index (AAI), pachymetry, thickness progression index (TPI), the amount of pachymetric decentralization (APD), and GalileiTM-keratoconus indices.RESULTSThe mean CDVA (expressed as logMAR) were 0.25±0.21. The mean CS was 1.25±0.46. The spherical refraction correlated well with CDVA (r=-0.526, P<0.001). From topographic indices, SRI correlated with CS (r=-0.695), and IAI with CS (r=-0.672) (P<0.001 for all). Root mean square (RMS) was 4.3±1.81 µm, spherical aberration (SA) was -0.4±0.67 µm, vertical and horizontal coma were -2.1±1.47 and -0.4±0.72 µm. All wavefront data (except horizontal coma), AAI, Є2 and maximum BFS correlated significantly with the visual function (P≤0.001 for all).CONCLUSIONIn this study, CS is more affected than CDVA as a visual function. The quantity and quality of vision is significantly correlated with well-known and new topographic indices. There is not a significant correlation between visual function and pachymetric parameters. The significantly correlated indices can be used in staging keratoconus and to follow the outcome of a treatment.

基于光环境影响的皮影戏表演效果评价研究

皮影戏表演画面效果评价对于演出装置的改良及表演效果的提升具有重要意义,至今未有学者进行研究。本研究在16种照明环境下对32名受试者进行心理物理实验,对色彩鲜艳度、细节清晰度、表现力与吸引力三种视觉属性进行主观评价获得相应评分,分析照明指标参数与主观视觉评价之间的相关性。初步研究表明,3500 K为最佳色温,白炽灯光源中100 W功率最佳,LED光源2800~4500 K色温下照度达到200 lx时主观评价最高,5300 K以上的LED光源需要搭配更高的照度,照度与GAI_BB_8的线性组合可以实现对皮影戏表演画面呈现效果的有效评价。研究成果初步确定了不同光环境下皮影戏演出的最佳照明条件,为皮影戏表演画面效果的量化评价及演出装置的改良提供了参考。

Visual Basic在城市空气质量污染指数计算中的应用

VisualBasic语言是当今程序开发领域中成熟度较高,应用广泛的一种编程语言。利用它可视化、窗口化的特点,为城市空气污染指数计算提供运算平台。发挥它便捷、迅速的优势,为环境监测工作提供高效、优质的技术服务。

The Relationship between Visual Satisfaction and Water Clarity and Quality Management in Tourism Fishing Ports

Visual satisfaction of the tourists with a water body is strongly influenced by water clarity, which is in turn influenced by a number of water quality parameters. Visual satisfaction thus stands to benefit from having a water quality management tool that results in better water clarity. A Clarity Suitability Index of Water Quality (CSIWQ), derived from clarity suitability curves of selected water quality parameters, can allow estimation of optimal values for these parameters, while ensuring high visual satisfaction among tourists. The present study used sampling and survey methodologies to investigate water clarity and quality at five tourism fishing ports;simultaneously, tourists’ visual satisfaction with a water body was assessed through a questionnaire based on their perceptions. The relationship between tourists’ visual satisfaction and water clarity was found to be positive and strong, with water clarity having predictive power of 74.2%. The study showed that DO, BOD, TP, and SS were the most critical parameters for water clarity. A continued product approach of CSIWQ was found to be most appropriate for describing the relationship between water clarity and these four parameters. This enabled a CSIWQ Index value to be calculated. With a CSIWQ value of 0.6, water clarity would be more than 2.08 m, and tourists would experience very high satisfaction. CSI curves showed that DO would preferably be 9.0 mg/L, and BOD, TP, and SS less than 0.5 mg/L, 0.12 mg/L, and 45.0 mg/L, respectively. The model thus produced valuable insights for assessing and improving water quality and ensuring high levels of visual satisfaction among tourists in tourism fishing ports. This model identified only four parameters but could be improved by ensuring that other water quality parameters were included, to encourage an increase in the number of tourists and to include monitoring of more pollutant sources.

Glycemic Index and Response of a Plant Based Nutritional Supplement and Its Subjective Satiety Following Its Use in Indian Adults

Background: Diet plays a vital role in managing diabetes. Foods with a low glycemic index provide lower postprandial glucose spikes and induce satiety. The objective of this study was to assess the Glycemic index (GI) without milk and Glycemic response (GR) with milk of two different flavours of a plant-based supplement which is high in protein and fibre, along with a subjective assessment of satiety. Methods: Fifteen overweight/obese subjects aged 18 - 45 years were recruited. After overnight fasting, blood samples were drawn at 5 mins before food consumption (-5), 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Participants underwent 3 days of reference food testing and 1 day of test food in random order with 2 days of wash-out period. The GI was assessed using a validated protocol recognized by FAO/WHO, as well as the guidelines by the International Dietary Carbohydrate Task Force for GI Methodology. The satiety index was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The dietary intake of the subjects was measured by 24-hour dietary recall. The Incremental Area Under the Curve (IAUC) was calculated using the trapezoid rule. Results: Both the flavours of the supplement had low GI & GR. The GI and GR of Flavour 1 were 27.3 ± 4.8 & 16.4 ± 2.6 (Mean ± SEM) respectively. For Flavour 2 the GI and GR were 36.7 ± 4.4 & 25.7 ± 2.3 (Mean ± SEM). For Flavour 1, 60% and for flavour 2 66.7% of subjects reported feeling hungry only after 3 hours, showing good satiety. Conclusion: The plant-based high fibre high protein supplement in both flavours showed a low glycemic index and hence may be useful to include in the diets to reduce the postprandial glycemic response and could improve satiety.

高能量激光联合体外冲击波治疗对足底筋膜炎患者视觉模拟评分和足部功能指数的影响

目的探讨高能量激光联合体外冲击波治疗对足底筋膜炎(PF)患者的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、足部功能指数(FFI)的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年3月于江苏大学附属医院疼痛科就诊的59例PF患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法分为A组(n=29)与B组(n=30)。A组行体外冲击波治疗,B组行高能量激光联合体外冲击波治疗。比较两组治疗前后VAS及FFI评分。结果治疗后1个月,两组VAS评分均低于治疗前,且B组低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组FFI评分组间、时间、交互比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗3周、治疗后1个月,两组FFI评分均低于前一时间点,且B组低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高能量激光联合体外冲击波治疗足底筋膜炎,可更好地缓解疼痛和改善患者的足部功能,值得临床推广应用。

构建数字化评价系统推进评价数字化转型的探索与思考

在阐述对教育评价数字化转型基本认识的基础上,分析了推进教育评价数字化转型面临的挑战,提出要明确教育评价的导向作用、做好评价系统的顶层设计、注重研制科学有效的评价指标体系、推动教育管理工作流程再造、促进评价数据生成和采集常态化、注重评价数据的深度挖掘,推进教育评价数字化转型。

利用DeepLabv3+模型提取分析街景图像绿视率——以北京三环内为例

基于语义分割模型的绿视率提取缺乏适用性研究,本文首先基于DeepLabv3+语义分割预训练模型和自主标注样本,采用迁移学习策略,构建街景图像语义分割模型,并对其进行精度验证。然后基于构建的街景图像语义分割模型提取计算北京三环内绿视率(GVI),分析点、线尺度下绿视率空间分布特征。结果表明:①相比DeepLabv3+语义分割预训练模型,迁移学习后模型F1值和mIoU值分别提高了7%和3%;②点状尺度上北京三环内绿视率整体呈“西高东低,北高南低”聚类式分布特征,0~0.15区间内街景采样点GVI约占58.1%;③线状尺度上整体呈“环线低环内高”且中心发散式特征分布,0~0.15区间内研究区道路GVI约占59.8%。该研究对于提升城市街道绿化感知程度和城市空间规划具有重要的参考意义。

基于绿视率和NDVI的城市街道景观分析与优化研究

街道景观空间对市民健康和城市风貌具有重要影响。既往研究中常以归一化植被指数(NDVI)和绿视率(GVI)来分别代表二维和三维的绿色指标,但对二者的指标相关性研究甚少。采用基于深度学习的图像语义分割方法分析百度街景计算代表性街道的GVI,利用GF-1卫星数据计算NDVI,比较分析城市街道的GVI和NDVI指标特征及相关性。结果表明,1)中山市中心城区各代表街道GVI指标参差不齐,从8.06%到36.00%,其中石岐街道兴中道GVI最高;2)各街道观测点的NDVI均值随着缓冲区尺度的增加也随之呈现出不同变化,NDVI均值具有强烈的尺度敏感性;3)50 m GVI和DNVI均值的皮尔逊相关系数最高,达到0.832。在此基础上分析街道景观存在的不足并给出优化建议,为城市街景评估、空间优化、景观提升提供参考。

‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄9种缺素症的观察与分析

[目的]本文旨在通过观察‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄9种缺素表观差异并研究株高等生长指标以及叶绿素含量等生理指标,为及时进行营养诊断及指导田间施肥提供参考。[方法]以1年生‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄扦插苗为材料,采用大棚内珍珠岩盆栽方式,设置改良霍格兰完全营养液(CK)和缺素(-N、-P、-K、-Ca、-Mg、-Fe、-B、-Zn、-Cu)营养液培养处理,分析各处理条件下植株的表观差异与生长生理指标。[结果]缺P、Mg和Zn时,‘阳光玫瑰’发生症状更早;缺B、Cu和Mg时,株高生长明显缓慢,并且症状发生剧烈,死亡率高。与对照相比,‘阳光玫瑰’缺Ca、缺B时叶片数量显著下降。缺素胁迫显著降低‘阳光玫瑰’叶片叶绿素含量,但对叶片含水量影响较小。葡萄对缺素胁迫的抗性与MDA含量和SOD活性总体呈正相关,即含量与活性越大,抗性越强。[结论]‘阳光玫瑰’对B和Mg元素的缺乏较敏感、耐性弱,对Zn元素的缺乏耐性较强。