The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the ...The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the language.This study used Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging to measure the regional cerebral blood volume (BV) and the changes of cerebral activation in the left prefrontal cortex of 12 Chinese dyslexic children and their 12 age-matched normal controls during the Paced Vis-ual Serial Addition Test (PVSAT).Results showed that the scores of PVSAT of dyslexic children were significantly lower than those of the normal children (t=3.33,P<0.01).The activations of the left pre-frontal cortex in the normal group were significantly greater than those of dyslexic children (all P<0.01).Our results indicated that Chinese dyslexia had a general deficiency in working memory and this may be caused by the abnormal metabolic activity of brain blood volume in the left prefrontal cortex and the deficits in brain function might be the basis of neuropathology of Chinese dyslexia.Present study sup-ports the difference on brain activation of dyslexics from different languages may be caused by the same cognitive system related to reading.展开更多
目的明确首发缺陷型和非缺陷型精神分裂症患者空间工作记忆损害的差异性,并了解损害是否与阴性症状相关。方法纳入116例首发精神分裂症患者及60名正常对照。采用阳性与阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)对患者...目的明确首发缺陷型和非缺陷型精神分裂症患者空间工作记忆损害的差异性,并了解损害是否与阴性症状相关。方法纳入116例首发精神分裂症患者及60名正常对照。采用阳性与阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)对患者阳性症状和阴性症状进行评定,并采用缺陷型精神分裂症诊断量表中文版(schedule for the deficit syndrome,SDS)将患者分为缺陷型(28例)和非缺陷型(88例)。使用剑桥神经认知自动化成套测试软件(Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery,CANTAB)中的空间工作记忆(spatial working memory,SWM)测试工具对患者和对照组进行测试。结果校正年龄、性别、受教育年限等因素后,缺陷型患者组在4方块任务组间错误(P=0.03)、6方块任务组间错误(P=0.01)、8方块任务组间错误(P=0.03)、总错误(P=0.01)、策略(P<0.01)等SWM指标中成绩均差于非缺陷型患者组,并且两组均差于对照组(均P<0.01)。缺陷型患者组与非缺陷型患者组的SWM损害与阴性症状无统计学相关性(P>0.05)。结论疾病早期,缺陷型精神分裂症患者的空间工作记忆损害就重于非缺陷型,提示二者可能是不同的亚型。展开更多
基金supported by a grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30872132)
文摘The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the language.This study used Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging to measure the regional cerebral blood volume (BV) and the changes of cerebral activation in the left prefrontal cortex of 12 Chinese dyslexic children and their 12 age-matched normal controls during the Paced Vis-ual Serial Addition Test (PVSAT).Results showed that the scores of PVSAT of dyslexic children were significantly lower than those of the normal children (t=3.33,P<0.01).The activations of the left pre-frontal cortex in the normal group were significantly greater than those of dyslexic children (all P<0.01).Our results indicated that Chinese dyslexia had a general deficiency in working memory and this may be caused by the abnormal metabolic activity of brain blood volume in the left prefrontal cortex and the deficits in brain function might be the basis of neuropathology of Chinese dyslexia.Present study sup-ports the difference on brain activation of dyslexics from different languages may be caused by the same cognitive system related to reading.
文摘目的明确首发缺陷型和非缺陷型精神分裂症患者空间工作记忆损害的差异性,并了解损害是否与阴性症状相关。方法纳入116例首发精神分裂症患者及60名正常对照。采用阳性与阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)对患者阳性症状和阴性症状进行评定,并采用缺陷型精神分裂症诊断量表中文版(schedule for the deficit syndrome,SDS)将患者分为缺陷型(28例)和非缺陷型(88例)。使用剑桥神经认知自动化成套测试软件(Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery,CANTAB)中的空间工作记忆(spatial working memory,SWM)测试工具对患者和对照组进行测试。结果校正年龄、性别、受教育年限等因素后,缺陷型患者组在4方块任务组间错误(P=0.03)、6方块任务组间错误(P=0.01)、8方块任务组间错误(P=0.03)、总错误(P=0.01)、策略(P<0.01)等SWM指标中成绩均差于非缺陷型患者组,并且两组均差于对照组(均P<0.01)。缺陷型患者组与非缺陷型患者组的SWM损害与阴性症状无统计学相关性(P>0.05)。结论疾病早期,缺陷型精神分裂症患者的空间工作记忆损害就重于非缺陷型,提示二者可能是不同的亚型。
