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Voluntary wheel running ameliorated the deleterious effects of high-fat diet on glucose metabolism,gut microbiota and microbial-associated metabolites
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作者 Ling Zhang Wenyu Zou +4 位作者 Yongyan Hu Honghua Wu Ying Gao Junqing Zhang Jia Zheng 《Food Science and Human Wellness》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期1672-1684,共13页
Exercise training is critical for the early prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus.However,the mechanism with gut microbiota and fecal metabolites underlying the effects of voluntary wheel running o... Exercise training is critical for the early prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus.However,the mechanism with gut microbiota and fecal metabolites underlying the effects of voluntary wheel running on high-fat diet induced abnormal glucose metabolism has not been fully elaborated.C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups according to diets(fed with normal chow diet or high-fat diet)and running paradigm(housed in static cage or with voluntary running wheel).An integrative 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolites profiling was synchronously performed to characterize the effects of voluntary wheel running on gut microbiota and metabolites.It showed that voluntary wheel running prevented the detrimental effects of high-fat feeding on glucose metabolism 16S rDNA sequencing showed remarkable changes in Rikenella and Marvinbryantia genera.Metabolic profiling indicated multiple altered metabolites,which were enriched in secondary bile acid biosynthesis signaling.In conclusion,our study indicated that voluntary wheel running significantly improved glucose metabolism and counteracted the deleterious effects of high-fat feeding on body weight and glucose intolerance.We further found that voluntary wheel running could integratively program gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites changes,and may regulate muricholic acid metabolism and secondary bile acid biosynthesis in high-fat fed mice. 展开更多
关键词 High-fat diet Voluntary wheel running Gut microbiota Metabolomics Glucose metabolism
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Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise
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作者 Do-Hun Lee Dan Cao +4 位作者 Younghye Moon Chen Chen Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming Xu Wei Wu 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS 2025年第3期836-844,共9页
Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery ... Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury. 展开更多
关键词 behavioral assessment motor function neural plasticity running wheel exercise spinal cord injury treadmill exercise voluntary exercise
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Concerns arise: wheat allergy risk in pre-packaged food products from China
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作者 Wenfeng Liu Jian Wang +5 位作者 Zhongliang Wang Fangfang Min Yong Wu Juanli Yuan Jinyan Gao Hongbing Chen 《Food Science and Human Wellness》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期3139-3149,共11页
Understanding and monitoring the cross-contamination of food allergens is crucial for safeguarding public health and ensuring food safety.Food allergen risk assessment,derived from classical toxicological principles,c... Understanding and monitoring the cross-contamination of food allergens is crucial for safeguarding public health and ensuring food safety.Food allergen risk assessment,derived from classical toxicological principles,can identify and quantify the risk of allergies.This study aimed to investigate the risk of wheat allergic reactions to prepackaged foods from China through the utilization of food allergen risk assessment.A total of 575 products have been surveyed,wheat/gluten,milk and egg were major allergens labelled on products.According to voluntary incidental trace allergen labelling 3.0(VITAL®3.0)program,the number of products belonged to Action Level 2 were 303.Integration of precautionary allergen labeling(PAL)analysis indicated that 9.57%products would pose a potential risk to wheat allergic individuals.The probabilistic risk assessment results suggest that 7984 allergic reactions may arise among wheat-allergic consumers during 10000 eating occasions due to the consumption of pre-packaged food products with incorrect wheat-related allergen labelling.This study demonstrated that a risk assessment-based approach can support the guidance of allergen labelling and management of food allergen for pre-packaged food products,providing protection for allergic individuals in food consumption and for food manufacturers in food production and trade. 展开更多
关键词 Food allergens Allergen labelling Pre-packaged food Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) Voluntary incidental trace allergen labelling (VITAL) Quantitative risk assessment
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Text Difficulty,Working Memory Capacity and Mind Wandering During Chinese EFL Learners’Reading
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作者 Xianli GAO Li LI 《Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics》 2024年第3期433-449,525,共18页
This experimental study investigated how text difficulty and different working memory capacity(WMC)affected Chinese EFL learners’reading comprehension and their tendency to engage in task-unrelated thoughts,that is,m... This experimental study investigated how text difficulty and different working memory capacity(WMC)affected Chinese EFL learners’reading comprehension and their tendency to engage in task-unrelated thoughts,that is,mind wandering(MW),in the course of reading.Sixty first-year university non-English majors participated in the study.A two-factor mixed experimental design of 2(text difficulty:difficult and simple)×2(WMC:high/large and low/small)was employed.Results revealed that 1)the main and interaction effects of WMC and text difficulty on voluntary MW were significant,whereas those on involuntary MW were not;2)while reading the easy texts,the involuntary MW of high-WMC individuals was less frequent than that of low-WMC ones,whereas while reading the difficult ones,the direct relationship between WMC and involuntary MW was not found;and that 3)high-WMC individuals had a lower overall rate of MW and better reading performance than low-WMC individuals did,but with increasing text difficulty,their rates of overall MW and voluntary MW were getting higher and higher,and the reading performance was getting lower and lower.These results lend support to WM theory and have pedagogical implications for the instruction of L2 reading. 展开更多
关键词 text difficulty working memory capacity reading mind wandering voluntary mind wandering involuntary mind wandering reading comprehension
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Hydroelectrolytic and Energetic Replenisher in Horses Undergoing Marcha Training
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作者 José D. Ribeiro Filho Bruna M. Ribeiro +9 位作者 Micheline O. Silva Samuel R. Alves Anaïs C. Benitez Waleska M. F. Dantas Marcel F. B. Avanza Raffaella B. C. Teixeira Pedro Ancelmo N. Ermita Laice A. Silva Rinaldo B. Viana Hélio C. Manso Filho 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 CAS 2024年第8期203-216,共14页
The study aimed to assess the clinical, laboratory, and blood gas analysis of horses undergoing Marcha training and the effects of voluntary ingestion of hydroelectrolytic and energy replenishers after exercise. Eight... The study aimed to assess the clinical, laboratory, and blood gas analysis of horses undergoing Marcha training and the effects of voluntary ingestion of hydroelectrolytic and energy replenishers after exercise. Eight horses of both genders aged between 5 and 10 years, were included in the study. The exercise consisted of a 10-min warm-up followed by 45 min uninterrupted Marcha on a flat dirt track in the morning. After exercise, the horses received one of the following treatments: Drinking water (control group);Hydroelectrolytic and energy replenisher containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium acetate, magnesium chloride, sodium citrate, dextrose, maltodextrin, and sucrose in three different concentrations (Replenishers A, B, and C). The horses were distributed across the four treatments in a 4 × 4 Latin Squares design using a Split-plot system with 48-hr intervals. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were conducted at four time points: T0 - 5 min before exercise;T1 - up to 5 min after exercise;T2 - 2 hr after starting treatment;and T4 - 4 hr after beginning treatment. Concentrations of urea, creatinine, lactate, phosphorus, and ionized calcium significantly changed after exercise. An increase in blood pH and a decrease in chloride concentrations were observed when replenishers B and C were offered after exercise. The replacements were ingested spontaneously by the animals in a volume greater than that of the control group (water). Replacement B was the most ingested by the animals, demonstrating its greatest potential. 展开更多
关键词 DEHYDRATION Electrolyte Replacement EXERCISE REHYDRATION Voluntary Intake
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Effect of Extending Voluntary Waiting Period on Health of Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows
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作者 Găvan Constantin Șonea Cosmin 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 CAS 2024年第6期124-136,共13页
The aim of this of this experimental study to investigate the effect of 3 voluntary waiting periods (VWP) on health of dairy cows. A total of 100 lactations of 100 Holstein Friesian cows with high milk production (ave... The aim of this of this experimental study to investigate the effect of 3 voluntary waiting periods (VWP) on health of dairy cows. A total of 100 lactations of 100 Holstein Friesian cows with high milk production (average 9.442 ± 620 kg) were randomly (based on the ear tags digits of cows) distributed to 1 to 3 experimental groups with VWP of 50 (VWPG50;n = 32), 100 (VWPG100;n = 34) or 150 days (VWPG150;n = 34). Observations relating to diseases of the cows were made by the farm veterinarian and research personnel. Were defined eight disease: puerperal fever, retained fetal membranes, displaced abomasum, metritis, clinical ketosis, clinical mastitis, ovarian cysts, and claw diseases. The experimental days (ED) were from 4 days in milk (DIM) to 100 days after the next calving. The experiment was managed at Dairy Research Farm ?imnic-Craiova January 2018 to December 2022. A clear set of clinical signs were used to define a case at the diseases without the need for laboratory confirmation. Values of Lactational incidence risk (LIR) median postpartum days at diagnosis and pairwise comparison of proportion between VWPs were calculated. LIR for puerperal fiver, retained fetal membranes, displaced abomasum, clinical ketosis, clinical mastitis, ovarian cysts and claw disease were 4;5;2;8;8;and 4% respectively. Numerically, cows with VWP of 100 and150 days had more disease cases compared with VWP of 50 days. The differences between experimental groups of cows regarding proportions of cows with disease cases were not statistically significant. Any of the eight disorders reported in this study was analyzed independently to other health problems. For all enrolled cows (n = 100) VWP was extended until 100 or 150 days postpartum with no effect on the lactational incidence risk for the eight disorders analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 Voluntary Waiting Period Dairy Cow Health Lactation Disorders Lactation Incidence Risk for Cow Diseases
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Factors Associated with Voluntary Cosmetic Depigmentation in Schools in the Collines Department (Benin)
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作者 Bayédjè Evrard Koutchoro Georgia Damien Barikissou +4 位作者 Coovi Nonwanou Ignace Tokpanoude Elvire Sègnon Eurydice Djossou Idohou Olakounlé Sarafath Christiane Koudoukpo Aguemon Badirou 《Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications》 2024年第2期174-187,共14页
Skin depigmentation is a worrying practice that is gaining popularity, particularly among young girls. However, this practice poses health risks. It also reflects a negative view of black skin color. This was a cross-... Skin depigmentation is a worrying practice that is gaining popularity, particularly among young girls. However, this practice poses health risks. It also reflects a negative view of black skin color. This was a cross-sectional study carried out between April and May 2023 which involved 1039 female students from schools and universities in the Collines department selected by stratified sampling. Data was collected during a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire providing information on the demographic, socio-cultural, and economic characteristics of the girls. The depigmentation products used were identified as well as the complications caused by the use of these products. Statistical analysis made it possible to calculate the frequencies and logistic regression made it possible to identify the factors associated with depigmentation. The prevalence of depigmentation among the girls surveyed was 78.2%. The main products used were soaps based on mercurial derivative and hydroquinone (21.6%) and lotions based on hydroquinone and corticosteroids (75.7%). The factors associated with the practice of depigmentation were the ethnicity of the respondents (OR = 2.52;95% CI = [0.47 - 13.33], p = 0.001);the average monthly income of the parents (OR = 3.26;95% CI = [1.71 - 6.09], p = 0.003);the opinion of the respondents on depigmentation (OR = 2.48;95% CI = [0.84 - 7.3], p < 0.001) and the value given to light skin versus black skin (OR = 3.41;95% CI = [2.32 - 5.01], p < 0.001). In conclusion, the prevalence of depigmentation among the girls surveyed is high. Consequently, reinforced awareness measures and stricter control of bleaching products are imperative to address this high prevalence of the phenomenon. 展开更多
关键词 Voluntary Depigmentation Cosmetic Depigmentation Factors Associated Students Collines Department BENIN
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The Black Protests in Poland: An Example of an Anti-pastoral Revolution
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作者 Szymon Wróbel 《Philosophy Study》 2024年第2期53-62,共10页
Michel Foucault in Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977-1978 argues, that there has never been such a thing as an anti-pastoral revolution in Western societies. Yes, we have ha... Michel Foucault in Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977-1978 argues, that there has never been such a thing as an anti-pastoral revolution in Western societies. Yes, we have had revolutions against the disciplinary apparatus and legal devices of power (schools, hospitals, prisons) and we have had examples of revolutions against the economic foundations of social inequality, but there has never been a genuine revolution against pastoral power as a power relating to the conduct of individuals (but also entire social groups) and their disposition to “voluntary submission” to the will of external authorities. In my paper, I would like to reflect on this thesis, and taking it quite seriously, to look for examples of such revolutions. One of them is a women’s strike in Poland during the power of the conservative government of “Law and Justice”. Mainly referring to the texts of Silvia Federici and Paul Preciado, I will want to reflect on contemporary practices of reclaiming the body in contemporary capitalism. I will defend the thesis that regaining control over sexuality and reproduction means changing the material conditions of life and modern reproductive technologies. 展开更多
关键词 black protest morning-after pill primitive accumulation procreation refusal resistance voluntary submission women’s reproductive strike
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Incentivization and the moral problem of involuntary consent in medical research
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作者 Victor Chidi Wolemonwu 《History & Philosophy of Medicine》 2023年第1期30-34,共5页
The legal and moral permissibility of clinical research entails that researchers must secure the voluntary,informed consent of prospective research participants before enrolling them in studies.In seeking the consent ... The legal and moral permissibility of clinical research entails that researchers must secure the voluntary,informed consent of prospective research participants before enrolling them in studies.In seeking the consent of potential participants,researchers are also allowed to incentivise the recruitment process because many studies would fail to meet enrollment goals without a financial incentive for participation.Some philosophers and bioethicists contend that the use of incentives to secure consent from research subjects is problematic because it constitutes undue inducement and a coercive offer.Some proponents of this view are Ruth Macklin(1981,1989)and Joan McGregor(2005).Macklin claims that it is ethically inappropriate to pay research subjects.The payment is likely to coerce the research subject,thereby violating the ethical requirement on the voluntariness of research participation.Also,such offers can prompt subjects to lie,deceive or conceal information that,if known,would disqualify them as participants.For McGregor,incentives could be undue and coercive because they make offerees better off relative to their baseline as well as constrain them to accept the offer of incentives as the only eligible choice or option.I argue that coercive offers are distinct from undue inducement.Coercive offers are essentially morally objectionable because by making people accept an offer through threats for the sake of some interests or ends,the offeror vitiates the offeree’s capacity to make informed,voluntary,and rational decisions and choices.I further claim that the quantity of an incentive does not render an inducement undue.I contend that the only condition under which incentives are regarded as an undue inducement and as such vitiates an agent’s voluntary consent is if they are offered through deceptive or manipulative means. 展开更多
关键词 voluntariness informed consent INCENTIVES coercive offers undue inducement human rights
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石家庄地区无偿献血者HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ检测情况分析 被引量:7
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作者 李莉华 戚海 +1 位作者 陈莉 马印图 《临床输血与检验》 CAS 2018年第5期482-485,共4页
目的分析石家庄地区无偿献血者中人类嗜T淋巴细胞白血病病毒(HTLV)检测结果,为本地区临床用血安全提供科学依据。方法采用ELISA法(双抗原夹心)对河北省血液中心2016年9~12月采集的献血者标本进行HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ抗体筛查,初筛反应性标本再... 目的分析石家庄地区无偿献血者中人类嗜T淋巴细胞白血病病毒(HTLV)检测结果,为本地区临床用血安全提供科学依据。方法采用ELISA法(双抗原夹心)对河北省血液中心2016年9~12月采集的献血者标本进行HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ抗体筛查,初筛反应性标本再进行双孔复试。复试阳性标本送卫生部临床检验中心做相关附加试验。结果石家庄地区41 000人份献血者标本中初筛阳性标本25例,经RT-PCR和蛋白印迹法(western blot,WB)确证阳性1例。该试剂假阳性率为0.06%。对献血者进行追溯,确认该献血者为无症状固定献血者,已有4次合格献血经历。结论石家庄地区无偿献血者属于HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ感染的非流行区或低发区。采用ELISA法进行HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ抗体筛查,其结果假阳性率低,适用于大规模血液筛查和血清流行病学调查。 展开更多
关键词 HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONORS Bloodscreening
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Development and Management Status of Voluntary Observing Ships in China 被引量:1
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作者 刘家沂 《Marine Science Bulletin》 CAS 2009年第1期90-96,共7页
Voluntary observing ship (VOS) observations are international obligations that must be fulfilled by China. Currently, the number of Chinese VOSs is showing a decreasing trend, which has decreased from more than one ... Voluntary observing ship (VOS) observations are international obligations that must be fulfilled by China. Currently, the number of Chinese VOSs is showing a decreasing trend, which has decreased from more than one hundred ships in the past to the current number of thirty something ships. Moreover, the observation capabilities have many existing problems, such as relatively outdated observation measures, simple observation parameters, and lack of observation data. Fundamentally speaking, the operation mechanism of VOSs lacks effective systematic assurance and protection. Consequently, these VOSs are unable to have sufficient operational capabilities and cannot effectively fulfill their international obligations. 展开更多
关键词 voluntary observing ship (VOS) marine observations ship monitoring
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Fat cell-secreted adiponectin mediates physical exercise-induced hippocampal neurogenesis: an alternative anti-depressive treatment? 被引量:8
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作者 Suk Yu Yau Ang Li +1 位作者 Aimin Xu Kwok-fai So 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第1期7-9,共3页
Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic eff... Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic effects on depressive disorders, although knowledge of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis in adult brains has been regarded, at least partly, contributive to depression, whereas physical exercise that restores neuro- genesis accordingly exerts the anti-depressive action. Several recent publications have suggested the potential role of adiponectin, a protein hormone secreted by peripheral mature adipocytes, in mediating physical exercise-triggered enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviation of depression. Here, we briefly review these novel findings and discuss the possibility of counter- acting depression by modulating adiponectin signaling in the hippocampus with interventions including physical exercise and administration of pharmacological agents. 展开更多
关键词 HIPPOCAMPUS adult neurogenesis physical exercise voluntary wheel running depression neural progenitor cell ADIPOCYTE ADIPONECTIN adiponectin receptor AMP-activated protein kinase
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Adaptability of anticipatory postural adjustments associated with voluntary movement 被引量:8
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作者 Eric Yiou Teddy Caderby Tarek Hussein 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2012年第6期75-86,共12页
The control of balance is crucial for efficiently performing most of our daily motor tasks, such as those involving goal-directed arm movements or whole body displacement. The purpose of this article is twofold. First... The control of balance is crucial for efficiently performing most of our daily motor tasks, such as those involving goal-directed arm movements or whole body displacement. The purpose of this article is twofold. Firstly, it is to recall how balance can be maintained despite the different sources of postural perturbation arising during voluntary movement. The importance of the so-called "anticipatory postural adjustments"(APA), taken as a "line of defence" against the destabilizing effect induced by a predicted perturbation, is emphasized. Secondly, it is to report the results of recent studies that questioned the adaptability of APA to various constraints imposed on the postural system. The postural constraints envisaged here are classified into biomechanical(postural stability, superimposition of motor tasks),(neuro) physiological(fatigue), temporal(time pressure) and psychological(fear of falling, emotion). Overall, the results of these studies point out the capacity of the central nervous system(CNS) to adapt the spatio-temporal features of APA to each of theseconstraints. However, it seems that, depending on the constraint, the "priority" of the CNS was focused on postural stability maintenance, on body protection and/or on maintenance of focal movement performance. 展开更多
关键词 Anticipatory POSTURAL ADJUSTMENTS ADAPTABILITY VOLUNTARY movement BALANCE BIOMECHANICS Motor control
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Aquaporin 4 deficiency eliminates the beneficial effects of voluntary exercise in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease 被引量:6
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作者 Yun Liu Pan-Pan Hu +6 位作者 Shuang Zhai Wei-Xi Feng Rui Zhang Qian Li Charles Marshall Ming Xiao Ting Wu 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第9期2079-2088,共10页
Regular exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Our previous study showed that the protein aquaporin 4(AQP4),which is specifically expressed on the paravascular processes of astrocytes,i... Regular exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Our previous study showed that the protein aquaporin 4(AQP4),which is specifically expressed on the paravascular processes of astrocytes,is necessary for glymphatic clearance of extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ)from the brain,which can delay the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.However,it is not known whether AQP4-regulated glymphatic clearance of extracellular Aβis involved in beneficial effects of exercise in AD patients.Our results showed that after 2 months of voluntary wheel exercise,APP/PS1 mice that were 3 months old at the start of the intervention exhibited a decrease in Aβburden,glial activation,perivascular AQP4 mislocalization,impaired glymphatic transport,synapse protein loss,and learning and memory defects compared with mice not subjected to the exercise intervention.In contrast,APP/PS1 mice that were 7 months old at the start of the intervention exhibited impaired AQP4 polarity and reduced glymphatic clearance of extracellular Aβ,and the above-mentioned impairments were not alleviated after the 2-month exercise intervention.Compared with age-matched APP/PS1 mice,AQP4 knockout APP/PS1 mice had more serious defects in glymphatic function,Aβplaque deposition,and cognitive impairment,which could not be alleviated after the exercise intervention.These findings suggest that AQP4-dependent glymphatic transport is the neurobiological basis for the beneficial effects of voluntary exercises that protect against the onset of AD. 展开更多
关键词 Alzheimer’s disease AMYLOID-BETA ASTROCYTES AQUAPORIN-4 glymphatic system learning and memory synaptic protein transgenic mice voluntary exercise
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Voluntary running delays primary degeneration in rat retinas after partial optic nerve transection 被引量:2
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作者 Hong-Ying Li Xi Hong +1 位作者 Mi Huang Kwok-Fai So 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第4期728-734,共7页
Running is believed to be beneficial for human health. Many studies have focused on the neuroprotective effects of voluntary running on animal models. There were both primary and secondary degeneration in neurodegener... Running is believed to be beneficial for human health. Many studies have focused on the neuroprotective effects of voluntary running on animal models. There were both primary and secondary degeneration in neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma. However, whether running can delay primary or secondary degeneration or both of them was not clear. Partial optic nerve transection model is a valuable glaucoma model for studying both primary and secondary degeneration because it can separate primary(mainly in the superior retina) from secondary(mainly in the inferior retina) degeneration. Therefore, we compared the survival of retinal ganglion cells between Sprague-Dawley rat runners and non-runners both in the superior and inferior retinas. Excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are involved in the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma. So we also used western immunoblotting to compare the expression of some proteins involved in apoptosis(phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinases, p-JNKs), oxidative stress(manganese superoxide dismutase, MnSOD) and excitotoxicity(glutamine synthetase) between runners and non-runners after partial optic nerve transection. Results showed that voluntary running delayed the death of retinal ganglion cells vulnerable to primary degeneration but not those to secondary degeneration. In addition, voluntary running decreased the expression of glutamine synthetase, but not the expression of p-JNKs and MnSOD in the superior retina after partial optic nerve transection. These results illustrated that primary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells might be mainly related with excitotoxicity rather than oxidative stress; and the voluntary running could down-regulate excitotoxicity to delay the primary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells after partial optic nerve transection. 展开更多
关键词 VOLUNTARY running OPTIC NERVE injury oxidative stress EXCITOTOXICITY JNKs PRIMARY DEGENERATION secondary DEGENERATION
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Preoperative maximal voluntary ventilation,hemoglobin,albumin,lymphocytes and platelets predict postoperative survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 被引量:3
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作者 Shou-Jia Hu Xue-Ke Zhao +7 位作者 Xin Song Ling-Ling Lei Wen-Li Han Rui-Hua Xu Ran Wang Fu-You Zhou Liang Wang Li-Dong Wang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2021年第4期321-335,共15页
BACKGROUND Preoperative pulmonary function plays an important role in selecting surgical candidates and assessing postoperative complications.Reduced pulmonary function is associated with poor survival in several canc... BACKGROUND Preoperative pulmonary function plays an important role in selecting surgical candidates and assessing postoperative complications.Reduced pulmonary function is associated with poor survival in several cancers,but the prognostic value of preoperative pulmonary function in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is unclear.Nutritional and systemic inflammation parameters are vital to cancer survival,and the combination of these parameters improves the prognostic value.The hemoglobin,albumin,lymphocytes and platelets(HALP)score is a novel prognostic indicator to reflect the nutritional and inflammation status,but the clinical effects of the HALP score combined with maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV),an important parameter of pulmonary function,have not been well studied in ESCC.AIM To investigate the prognostic value of MVV and HALP score for assessing postoperative survival of ESCC patients.METHODS Data form 834 ESCC patients who underwent radical esophagectomy with R0 resection were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Preoperative MVV and HALP data were retrieved from medical archives.The HALP score was calculated by the formula:Hemoglobin(g/L)×albumin(g/L)×lymphocytes(/L)/platelets(/L).The optimal cut-off values of MVV and HALP score were calculated by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to draw the survival curves for the variables tested.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze the independent prognostic factors for overall survival.RESULTS MVV was significantly associated with gender(P<0.001),age at diagnosis(P<0.001),smoking history(P<0.001),drinking history(P<0.001),tumor length(P=0.013),tumor location(P=0.037)and treatment type(P=0.001).The HALP score was notably associated with gender(P<0.001),age at diagnosis(P=0.035),tumor length(P<0.001)and invasion depth(P=0.001).Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that low MVV and low HALP score were associated with worse overall survival(all P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that low MVV and the HALP score were both independent risk factors for overall survival(all P<0.001).The combination of MVV and HALP score improved the prediction performance for overall survival than tumor-node-metastasis.Also,low combination of MVV and HALP score was an independent risk factor for poor overall survival(P<0.001).CONCLUSION MVV,HALP score and their combination are simple and promising clinical markers to predict overall survival of ESCC patients. 展开更多
关键词 Maximal voluntary ventilation Hemoglobin albumin lymphocytes and platelets score Nutritional status Inflammation status Postoperative survival Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
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Identification of Behavior of Voluntary Traceability and Analysis of Its Determinants: A Case Study of Hog Slaughtering and Processing Firms in Zhejiang Province,China 被引量:2
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作者 ZHOU Jie-hong YAN Zhen LIU Qing-yu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第6期1112-1121,共10页
In recent years, the Chinese government has highlighted the importance of adopting hog safety/quality traceability, and a growing amount of research continues to entice firms to adopt traceability systems. In this stu... In recent years, the Chinese government has highlighted the importance of adopting hog safety/quality traceability, and a growing amount of research continues to entice firms to adopt traceability systems. In this study, a survey was conducted on a sample of pig slaughtering and processing firms in Zhejiang, China through personal interviews and emails. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of firm behavior on the implementation of voluntary traceability systems with more stringent standards and controls than those of the mandatory system in China. The results revealed that motivation based on product quality improvement, capital ability and role perception (business type) had significantly positive relationships with a firm's voluntary traceability. Other incentives, such as operation improvement, recall risk reduction, reduced occurrence of safety issues, and technical strength were not found to be supportive in our study. This study provides an opportunity to better understand the determinants of firm behavior on voluntary traceability, particularly in light of the fact that some Chinese firms are facing the threat of criminal action for the use of illegal additives and the abuse of Clenbuterol. Policy recommendations on encouraging the implementation of pork safety voluntary traceability by hog slaughtering and processing firms are also discussed. 展开更多
关键词 voluntary traceable behavior product quality improvement capital ability role perception hog slaughtering and processing firm
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Research,Extension,and Good Farming Practices Improve Water Quality and Productivity 被引量:1
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作者 Clinton C Shock Candace B Shock 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第1期14-30,共17页
Agriculture in southeastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho known collectively as the Treasure Valley has depended on furrow irrigation using heavy inputs of water and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Crop rotations include o... Agriculture in southeastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho known collectively as the Treasure Valley has depended on furrow irrigation using heavy inputs of water and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Crop rotations include onion, corn, wheat, sugar beet, potato, bean, and other crops. By 1986 groundwater had become contaminated with nitrate and residues of the herbicide chlorthal-dimethyl (DCPA); an official groundwater management area was established by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality along with an action plan and well monitoring network. The action plan allowed for a trial period to see whether voluntary changes would improve trends. Researchers, producers, and agencies cooperated to develop production options that had the possibility of being both environmentally protective and cost effective. Options were tested to improve irrigation practices, increase N fertilizer use efficiency on several rotation crops, and find a cost effective replacement for DCPA. Research demonstrated the opportunity for increased productivity through both irrigation scheduling and the adoption of drip and sprinkler systems. Fertilizer research demonstrated that smaller, more frequent N applications were more efficient than a single large application. Effective, lower cost herbicides replaced DCPA. Research results were effectively delivered through many means and voluntarily adopted. Both groundwater nitrate and DCPA residues are declining. Productivity has increased. 展开更多
关键词 DCPA drip irrigation groundwater nitrate irrigation management irrigation scheduling nutrient management voluntary cooperation
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Predictors of residual force enhancement in voluntary contractions of elbow flexors 被引量:1
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作者 Heiliane de Brito Fontana Daiani de Campos Raphael Luiz Sakugawa 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE 2018年第3期318-325,共8页
Background:The steady-state increase in muscle force generating potential following a lengthening contraction is called residual force enhancement(RFE).In this study,we aimed to test for differences in torque,electrom... Background:The steady-state increase in muscle force generating potential following a lengthening contraction is called residual force enhancement(RFE).In this study,we aimed to test for differences in torque,electromyographic activity(EMG),and the associated neuromuscular efficiency(NME)between isometric voluntary contractions of elbow flexors preceded and not preceded by a lengthening contraction.The dependence of such differences on(i)stretch amplitude,(ii)the region of the force-length(FxL)relationship where contraction occurs,and(iii)the individual's ability to produce(negative)work during the stretch was investigated.Methods:Sixteen healthy adults participated in the study.Elbow flexor torque,angle,and biceps brachii EMG for purely isometric contractions(reference contractions)and for isometric contractions preceded by active stretches of 20°and 40°were measured at the ascending,plateau,and descending regions of subject-specific FxL curves.All contractions were performed in an isokinetic dynamometer.Two-factor(stretch×FxL region)repeated measures analysis of variance ANOVAs was used to analyze the effect of active stretch on EMG,torque,and NME across conditions.The relationships between mechanical work during stretch-calculated as the torque-angular displacement integral-and the changes in EMG,torque,and NME were analyzed using Pearson correlation.Results:In general,torque,EMG,and NME following active stretches differed from the values observed for the purely isometric reference contractions.While although the detailed effects of active stretch on torque and EMG differed between regions of the FxL relationship,NME increased by about 19%for all muscle lengths.Up to 30%of the interindividual variability in torque generating potential change in response to active stretching was accounted for by differences in(negative)work capacity between subjects.Conclusion:Our results suggest that(i)RFE contributes to"flatten"the elbow flexor torque-angle relationship,favoring torque production at lengths where the purely isometric torques are reduced substantially,and(ii)RFE contributes to a reduction in energy cost of torque production during isometric contractions for the entire operating range. 展开更多
关键词 Force-length History-dependent properties NEUROMUSCULAR efficiency UPPER LIMB VOLUNTARY CONTRACTIONS
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Nurses'experiences in voluntary error reporting:An integrative literature review 被引量:1
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作者 Ming Wei Jeffrey Woo Mark James Avery 《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》 CSCD 2021年第4期453-469,I0007,共18页
Objective:This integrative review aimed to examine and understand nurses’experiences of voluntary error reporting(VER)and elucidate factors underlying their decision to engage in VER.Method:This is an integrative rev... Objective:This integrative review aimed to examine and understand nurses’experiences of voluntary error reporting(VER)and elucidate factors underlying their decision to engage in VER.Method:This is an integrative review based on Whittemore&Knafl five-stage framework.A systematic search guided by the PRISMA 2020 approach was performed on four electronic databases:CINAHL,Medline(PubMed),Scopus,and Embase.Peer-reviewed articles published in the English language from January 2010 to December 2020 were retrieved and screened for relevancy.Results:Totally 31 papers were included in this review following the quality appraisal.A constant comparative approach was used to synthesize findings of eligible studies to report nurses'experiences of VER represented by three major themes:nurses'beliefs,behavior,and sentiments towards VER;nurses'perceived enabling factors of VER and nurses'perceived inhibiting factors of VER.Findings of this review revealed that nurses’experiences of VER were less than ideal.Firstly,these negative experiences were accounted for by the interplays of factors that influenced their attitudes,perceptions,emotions,and practices.Additionally,their negative experiences were underpinned by a spectrum of system,administrative and organizational factors that focuses on attributing the error to human failure characterized by an unsupportive,blaming,and punitive approach to error management.Conclusion:Findings of this review add to the body of knowledge to inform on the areas of focus to guide nursing management perspectives to strengthen institutional efforts to improve nurses'recognition,reception,and contribution towards VER.It is recommended that nursing leaders prioritize and invest in strategies to enhance existing institutional error management approaches to establish a just and open patient safety culture that would promote positivity in nurses’overall experiences towards VER. 展开更多
关键词 EXPERIENCE Medical errors Nurses Voluntary error reporting Patient safety
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