Relationship between physical activity and specific working memory indicators of depressive symptoms in university students

BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to statistics,self-harm and suicide,for which there is no effective intervention,are the second leading causes of death.AIM To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students’depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators.METHODS Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,and the Working Memory Task.RESULTS There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory(SWM)tasks correctly(all P<0.01).Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task(r=0.166)and the correct rate of the SWM task(r=0.210)(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities(all P<0.05)and different exercise durations(all P<0.05),and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION An increase in physical exercise among college students,particularly medium-and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more,can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks.

Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in university students in the city of Leon, Mexico

Objectives: Recent changes in life style have increased obesity, smoking and sedentary habits in the entire population. Obesity and overweight frequency have trebled in Mexico in the last few decades. The presence and frequency of cardiovascular risk factors were determined in students at the Universidad DeLa Salle Bajío, both newly admitted and in advanced years. Material and methods: Anthropometric variables, serum glucose, total cholesterol levels, blood hemoglobin and hematocrit were obtained and assessed in 4814 students, 1507 recently admitted and 1507 advanced students. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 15.3%, sedentariness 33.8%, hypercholesterolemia 8.16%, smoking habits 15.8%, and alcohol consumption 12.1%. Body mass index (BMI) (23.5 ± 4 vs. 22.7 ± 4), waist/ abdomen index (0.84 ± 0.06 vs. 0.83 ± 0.06) and serum cholesterol (3.54 mmol/L ± 0.79 vs. 3.98 mmol/L ± 0.77) were greater in the advanced students

Research on the Improvement Path of the Mental Health of the Elderly From the Perspective of College Students’Volunteer Service Activities

The elderly are the main objects of college students’volunteer service activities.At present,there are various forms of college students’volunteer service activities,which are highly valued by colleges and universities and popular among college students.In order to further improve the mental health of the elderly,it could be achieved through paths like strengthening volunteering cooperation with aged services agencies,implementing the volunteer service mechanism of“one person-one file,one person-one policy”for the elderly,establishing a mental health mentor system for volunteer service activities,improving the mental health knowledge level of college student volunteers,carrying out a series of voluntary service activities with the theme of mental health,attaching importance on cultivating the positive and optimistic attitude of the elderly in volunteer service activities,and launching volunteer service activities to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the elderly.

Factors Related to Engaging in Physical Activity: A Mixed Methods Study of Female University Students

Objective: As a needs assessment for intervention, quantitative and qualitative methods were used to examine attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention, knowledge, and weight control status related to physical activity in female university students within the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Methods: A two-phase mixed method design was used. In Phase I, 362 students participated in an online survey, and in Phase II, 33 students participated in five focus group discussions. Ages of participants ranged from 18 to 45 years old, with 18 - 25 year olds making up over 74% of the sample. Results: Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, along with weight control status of trying to lose weight, were found to be significant predictors of intention to follow physical activity recommendations, which in turn were the strongest predictor of physical activity. Knowledge was not found to be significant. Group discussions revealed barriers to meeting physical activity recommendations, which included lack of companionship and social support, lack of motivation, time and cost restrictions, and lack of privacy in the gym. Social norms exerted both positive and negative influences. Conclusion: The mixed method approach provided a deeper insight into the influential factors pertaining to physical activity among female students, and results could be used in further research to develop effective interventions.

Body Shape Dissatisfaction, Weight Status and Physical Activity among a Sample University Students in Saudi Arabia

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of body shape dissatisfaction, weight and physical activity status among university students and predictors for body shape dissatisfaction. A cross sectional study was carried out in a sample comprising of 368 female and male university students aged 18 years or more at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. Body weight, height, Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and physical activity level were used as assessment tools. Chi-square and independent sample T-test were used to assess gender difference. Linear regression analysis was conducted to examine predictors of the body shape dissatisfaction. Overall, 65% of students had normal BMI, more males then females overweight (23%), while more females underweight (16.8%). Females have higher body shape dissatisfaction (33.5%) then males (21.4%), half of males inactive and this percentage increased in females to (73.8%). Overweight males were more dissatisfied with their body shape (10.7%) than females (6.3%). Almost one fifth of inactive males dissatisfied comparable to quarter inactive females dissatisfied with their body shape. Younger age is predictor for body shape dissatisfaction in both genders, also weight in males. BMI and being married female was predictor for body shape dissatisfaction. Collectively results indicate that body shape dissatisfaction and inactive lifestyle were prevalent among females than male’s age, weight;BMI and marital status was the most predictor for body shape dissatisfaction. However developing educational program to promote body shape satisfaction and active lifestyle will be very useful especially among females.

Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity and Related Factors in Spanish University Students

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of readiness of change for physical activity (PA), sociodemographic factors, lifestyle and physical activity status (PAS) on perceived barriers among Spanish university students. Participants: Seven hundred and seventy two (n = 772) men and women ages 17-39 at a north-west regional university in Spain participated in the study. Methods: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the States of Change for Physical Activity Behaviour Questionnaire and the Self-perceived Barriers for Physical Activity Questionnaire were used. Description, correlation and multiple regression analyses were completed. Results: Participants self-perceived low average-score barriers (2.6 ± 1.4 over 10.0). The 3-higher scores barriers corresponded to “too much work”;“lack of time for exercise” and “laziness”. Gender, PAS and self-perceived health were shown to be associated with perceived barriers. Conclusions: University institutions should consider those factors that predict barriers to PA to develop effective intervention programs.

“五育”并举视域下大学生志愿服务常态化建设路径研究

大学生志愿服务是“五育”并举的主要形式,为保持常态化的志愿服务,进而提升大学生的道德素养与服务社会的能力,文章在厘清“五育”并举的背景与大学生志愿服务常态化建设的内涵、把握志愿服务常态化建设目标的前提下,从学校引导与学生参与相统一、学生发展与社会需求相协调、时代发展与学科优势相结合等三个方面提出相关的建设路径,以期充分发挥志愿服务常态化对“五育”并举的积极作用,实现三全育人的目标。

“五育融合”视域下高校志愿服务育人的现实问题与突破路径

“五育融合”是做好新时代教育工作、落实立德树人根本任务的重要抓手,是对新时代“如何培养人”的整体回答。“五育融合”对高校志愿服务提出了更具精神内涵、更具学习引领、更具体魄锤炼、更具艺术影响、更具知行合一等新的更高要求。在“五育融合”视域下的高校志愿服务实践中,主要存在对“五育融合”理念认知不清晰,缺少有效应用载体及评价体系不完善等现实问题。对此,高校应准确把握志愿服务所具有的“五育融合”内涵,构筑“五育融合”视域下的高校志愿服务新实践体系与新评价体系,这样才能真正保障“五育”在志愿服务中得到充分渗透与落实,不断提升志愿服务的育人实效。

大学生体育锻炼与核心自我评价的关系--不同应对方式的中介作用和性别的调节作用

目的探讨体育锻炼、积极应对方式、消极应对方式与大学生核心自我评价水平的关系,并进一步检验不同应对方式在体育锻炼与核心自我评价间的中介作用及性别的调节作用。方法采用体育活动等级量表、核心自我评价量表、简易应对方式量表对635名大学生(男340人,女295人)进行调查研究。结果1)体育锻炼能正向预测大学生的核心自我评价(p<0.01);体育锻炼可正向预测大学生的积极应对方式(p<0.01);体育锻炼能负向预测大学生的消极应对方式(p<0.05)。2)积极应对方式(95%CI:0.011-0.035)和消极应对方式(95%CI:0.001-0.022)均在体育锻炼与大学生核心自我评价间具有中介作用。3)性别在体育锻炼与积极应对方式之间起调节作用(β_(int)=-0.072,p<0.05),且男性(β_(simple slope)=0.206,p<0.01)的调节效应大于女性(β_(simple slope)=0.117,p<0.01)。结论不同的应对方式在大学生体育锻炼和核心自我评价中起中介作用,在对积极应对方式的采取上,男女生有性别差异,且男生通过体育锻炼量的提高会比女生对积极应对方式的采取更明显。

大学生志愿服务助力乡村文化建设路径研究

文化振兴是实施乡村振兴的重要内容和力量源泉。大学生志愿服务团队能够为推动乡村文化建设提供先进理念和创新思路,但团队建设机制、活动内容的针对性及多元化都有待改善。大学生志愿服务团队要充分发挥大学生志愿服务资源优势,加强队伍建设,结合服务地的民风民俗打造品牌项目,举办民众感兴趣的创新型活动,助力乡村文化建设。

志愿服务行动提升大学生社会责任的研究——以合肥经济学院“圆满假期”实践活动为例

为研究志愿服务行动对大学生社会责任的影响,以合肥经济学院“圆满假期”实践活动为例开展调查研究,发现志愿服务行动能有效提升大学生社会责任感,但部分大学生受到社会责任认知偏差、责任情感认同不足、责任意志容易动摇、责任行为有待加强等因素影响,存在知行不一等情况。基于此,高校应从社会责任认知入手,引导大学生将社会情感转变为社会意志,并在多项激励政策的推动下强化社会责任行为,构建知情意行统一发展的新模式。

高校学生志愿服务社会工作模式的创新逻辑与路径探析--以G大学为例

在校大学生是我国登记注册的志愿者主体。但是,高校传统的志愿服务管理模式无法发挥如此庞大的志愿者资源优势。通过访谈和问卷调查,分析G大学学生参与志愿服务的时间、载体、经费、管理制度、技能等问题,融合社会工作的理念和方法,探讨高校学生志愿服务社会工作模式的逻辑、实现路径,通过遵循社会工作理念,创新大学生志愿服务模式;借鉴社会工作管理方法,完善志愿服务管理制度;融入社会工作方法,提升志愿服务专业水平;营造“社工生态系统”,丰富志愿服务资源;引入社会工作评估方法,评价志愿服务效果等路径,创新大学生志愿服务模式。

线上行为激活疗法对突发公共事件大学生志愿者心理健康和睡眠质量的影响

目的 探究线上行为激活疗法(BA)对参加突发公共卫生事件护理专业大学生志愿者的心理干预效果,为完善大学生应急志愿服务的心理健康教育提供参考依据。方法 选取2021年11月14日至12月25日江西医学高等专科学校症状自评量表(SCL-90)总分大于160分或某一因子得分大于或等于2分的大学生志愿者42名作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组,每组21例。干预组志愿者接受6周线上BA个体干预,每周1次,每次约60 min。对照组志愿者进行线上团体心理健康指导,在研究期间不接受线上BA个体干预,研究结束后接受相同的线上BA个体干预。采用SCL-90和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评价2组志愿者干预前后心理健康状况和睡眠质量。结果 干预组志愿者干预后SCL-90总分及躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性、其他因子得分,以及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组志愿者干预后SCL-90恐怖因子得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 线上BA个体干预能提高护理专业大学生志愿者心理健康水平,改善其睡眠质量。

老龄化背景下大学生志愿服务社区体育的时代价值与长效机制研究

为打造大学生志愿服务体系,培养体、医、养一体化志愿服务人才,运用文献资料法等对大学生志愿服务组织在社区体育方面的表现进行分析,发现存在志愿者服务意识不足、专业水平有待提高、机制不健全等问题。基于此,提出以时代价值为出发点,以社区体育需求为落脚点,延伸社区体育中大学生的志愿服务内容,推动大学生志愿者持久有效的服务机制。

音乐师范生教学能力的结构模型及提升策略——基于扎根理论的研究

当下国内音乐师范生培养过程中“重技能,轻教学”是普遍存在的问题。本文运用扎根理论收集部分高校音乐师范生的学习经历及其对音乐师范生教学能力结构的深度思考,对音乐师范生的教学能力的结构进行理论构建,建立了在“双向”途径下,以“双愿促双能力”为核心的能力培养模式,从全过程培养音乐师范生的从教意愿、实施音乐师范生社会性教学实践活动的学分认定、多层面关注音乐师范生专业技能教学能力培养等三方面对其加以提升。

高校科普志愿服务工作存在的问题及创新模式

高校是科学普及的重要力量和关键阵地,在提高全民科学素质建设中肩负历史责任与使命。科普志愿服务对大学生的理想信念教育有重要意义。以广东石油化工学院为例,分析目前高校科普志愿服务工作存在的问题,探索创新模式:在科普志愿服务中融入新时代雷锋精神,构建大学生科普志愿服务协同发展新机制,打造高水平的科普志愿服务团队以及高质量的科普志愿服务项目,建设全员参与、全员共享的全域科普志愿服务工作体系。

试论“五育融合”与高校大学生志愿服务的内在关联性

随着社会的发展和进步,高校大学生志愿服务在培养学生社会责任感、实践能力和团队合作能力方面扮演着越来越重要的角色。而“五育融合”理念作为现代教育的核心理念之一,强调了教育的全面性和综合性,提出了培养学生身心健康、智力素质、道德品格、审美情趣和劳动能力的目标。如何将“五育融合”理念更好地融入高校大学生志愿服务中,提升学生志愿服务的质量和效果,是当前教育领域亟待解决的问题。对此,通过阐述高校大学生志愿服务现状,进而分析志愿服务在大学生个人成长和社会发展中的作用,在此基础上探究“五育融合”与高校大学生志愿服务的内在关联性,以期为大学生志愿服务的发展提供理论支持和实践指导。

地方高校大学生“三下乡”社会实践活动研究

文章以“正青春·铭党恩·听农说·办实事”实践团为例,对实践活动展开分析,发现该实践在成果总结转化、宣传效果强化、实践活动可持续发展、团队建设、学生实践动手能力提升等方面还存在不足,地方高校今后在开展“三下乡”活动时应强化实践成果总结与运用、加大实践全过程宣传力度、推动实践活动可持续发展、全面加强实践团队建设、大力提升学生实践动手能力,进一步提升“三下乡”社会实践的育人效果。

地方医科大学医学生社会实践活动现状分析与策略优化

目的 了解某地方医科大学医学生对社会实践活动的接受认同和对社会实践活动影响因素、存在问题的认知情况,提出社会实践活动的优化策略。方法 本研究采用问卷调查方法。选取某地方医科大学16个专业类别的592名本科生和研究生(以下统称“医学生”)为研究对象,收集一般人口学资料和对社会实践活动的接受认同、社会实践活动的影响因素及存在问题的认知情况。通过统计分析相关数据,探讨医学生社会实践活动体系的优化策略。结果 99.32%(588/592)的医学生认同社会实践活动,93.92%(556/592)的医学生认为社会实践活动对专业学习具有积极影响,普遍认为参加社会实践活动能够提升个人素质和综合能力(χ^(2)=99.019,P<0.001);吃苦耐劳的品质、充分的前期准备、合格的团队协作是参加社会实践活动取得成功的前3位影响因素(χ^(2)=47.625,P=0.003);活动经费不足、对实践地环境不熟悉、实践基地匮乏、物资保障不到位等是当前医学生社会实践活动中存在的主要问题(χ^(2)=145.500,P<0.001),需要从育人功能、组织管理、支持保障等方面提出优化策略。结论 地方医学院校学生社会实践活动接受认同程度较高,良好的组织管理是成功要素,但支持保障仍然有所不足,需要通过进一步挖掘育人功能,细化治理手段,多措并举优化医学生社会实践活动策略。

园艺疗法应用于学生心理健康教育的思考

园艺疗法在国内学生心理健康教育中的应用处于初步阶段。在知网数据库中筛选园艺疗法应用于国内学生心理健康教育的20篇学术论文,系统分析参与学生类型、教学实施形式、课程实施周期和效果评价方式4方面的内容,发现园艺疗法在学生心理健康教育中的应用现状具有如下特征:大学生占据受施对象的75%;教学实施形式包括园艺艺术、园艺操作和景观(园艺)体验三种类型,并在实际教学中以相互混合的阶段性课程体系方式呈现;持续3~16周的心理健康教育课程实施周期得到了大多数研究者的青睐;有16种不同量化评价方式被用于效果评价,但无统一规范标准。