We investigated the role of the main olfactory and accessory olfactory systems (MOS and AOS respectively) in thedetection of androstenone. We used the following experimental approaches: behavioral, surgical removal of...We investigated the role of the main olfactory and accessory olfactory systems (MOS and AOS respectively) in thedetection of androstenone. We used the following experimental approaches: behavioral, surgical removal of the vomeronasal organ(VNX) followed by histochemical verification and Fos immunohistochemistry. Using a Y-maze paradigm we estimated sensitivityof NZB/B1NJ and CBA/J mice to androstenone. CBA mice were 2,000-fold more sensitive to androstenone than NZB mice.VNX caused a 4- to 16-fold decrease in sensitivity to androstenone in highly-sensitive CBA mice, but did not affect thresholds inNZB mice. Results indicate the involvement of the MOS and AOS in the detection of androstenone. We observed a specific patternof Fos-positive cells in the main olfactory bulb of CBA mice but not in NZB mice subsequent to exposure of mice to androstenone;the compound activated cells in the accessory olfactory bulb in both strains of mice, indicating the involvement of thevomeronasal organ. Patterns of Fos-positive cells in the vomeronasal organ were recorded subsequent to exposure to androstenone.Fos-positive receptor cells in the vomeronasal organ of CBA and NZB mice were different, in CBA mice Fos-positive cellswere noted in both the basal and apical zones, however, in NZB mice activation was observed only in the apical展开更多
Most studies support the viewpoint that the vomeronasal organ has a profound effect on conspecific odor recognition,scent marking and mating behavior in the golden hamster(Mesocricetus auratus).However,the role ...Most studies support the viewpoint that the vomeronasal organ has a profound effect on conspecific odor recognition,scent marking and mating behavior in the golden hamster(Mesocricetus auratus).However,the role of the vomeronasal organ in social odor recognition,social interaction and fitness is not well understood.Therefore,we conducted a series of behavioral and physiological tests to examine the referred points in golden hamster.We found that male hamsters with vomeronasal organ lesion showed no preference between a predator odor(the anal gland secretion of the Siberian weasels(Mustela sibirica)and putative female pheromone components(myristic acid and palmitic acid),but were still able to discriminate between these 2 kinds of odors.In behavioral tests of anxiety,we found that vomeronasal organ removal causes female hamsters to spend much less time in center grids and to cross fewer center grids and males to make fewer crossings between light and dark boxes than sham-operated controls.This indicates that a chronic vomeronasal organ lesion induced anxious responses in females.In aggressive behavioral tests,we found that a chronic vomeronasal organ lesion decreased agonistic behavior in female hamsters but not in males.The pup growth and litter size show no differences between the 2 groups.All together,our data suggested that vomeronasal organ ablation disrupted the olfactory recognition of social chemosignals in males,and induced anxiety-like and aggressive behavior changes in females.However,a vomeronasal organ lesion did not affect the reproductive capacity and fitness of hamsters.Our studies may have important implications concerning the role of the vomeronasal organ in golden hamsters and also in rodents.展开更多
The recognition and perception of chemical signals from environments are very important for the survival of organisms.In mammals,general chemical signals are mainly detected by the main olfactory system (MOS),while ph...The recognition and perception of chemical signals from environments are very important for the survival of organisms.In mammals,general chemical signals are mainly detected by the main olfactory system (MOS),while pheromones are primarily perceived by the vomeronasal system (VNS).Pheromones are chemicals released and recognized by individuals within the same species,which then induce physiological and behavioral changes in social and sexual activities.In this review,we focus on the recent advances on research in mammalian vomeronasal pheromone perception and those genetic components unique to vomeronasal signal transduction pathway,including vomeronasal receptor V1R and V2R gene families as well as transient receptor potential channel 2 gene (TRPC2),trying to shed light on further study of the molecular mechanisms of mammalian pheromone perception.展开更多
Two multigene superfamilies, named V1R and V2R, encoding seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified as pheromone receptors in mammals. Three V2R gene families have been describ...Two multigene superfamilies, named V1R and V2R, encoding seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified as pheromone receptors in mammals. Three V2R gene families have been described in mouse and rat. Here we screened the updated mouse genome se- quence database and finally retrieved 63 putative functional V2R genes including three newly identified genes which formed a new additional family. We described the genomic organization of these genes and also characterized the conservation of mouse V2R protein sequences. These genomic and se- quence information we described are useful as part of the evidence to speculate the functional domain of V2Rs and should give aid to the functionality study in the future.展开更多
基金Supported in part by grants from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,10-04-01599NIH RO1 DC000298
文摘We investigated the role of the main olfactory and accessory olfactory systems (MOS and AOS respectively) in thedetection of androstenone. We used the following experimental approaches: behavioral, surgical removal of the vomeronasal organ(VNX) followed by histochemical verification and Fos immunohistochemistry. Using a Y-maze paradigm we estimated sensitivityof NZB/B1NJ and CBA/J mice to androstenone. CBA mice were 2,000-fold more sensitive to androstenone than NZB mice.VNX caused a 4- to 16-fold decrease in sensitivity to androstenone in highly-sensitive CBA mice, but did not affect thresholds inNZB mice. Results indicate the involvement of the MOS and AOS in the detection of androstenone. We observed a specific patternof Fos-positive cells in the main olfactory bulb of CBA mice but not in NZB mice subsequent to exposure of mice to androstenone;the compound activated cells in the accessory olfactory bulb in both strains of mice, indicating the involvement of thevomeronasal organ. Patterns of Fos-positive cells in the vomeronasal organ were recorded subsequent to exposure to androstenone.Fos-positive receptor cells in the vomeronasal organ of CBA and NZB mice were different, in CBA mice Fos-positive cellswere noted in both the basal and apical zones, however, in NZB mice activation was observed only in the apical
基金This work was supported mainly by the grants from National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2010CB833900)Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-N-5)China National Science Foundation(No.31272322 to J.Zhang and No.31172097 to D.Liu).
文摘Most studies support the viewpoint that the vomeronasal organ has a profound effect on conspecific odor recognition,scent marking and mating behavior in the golden hamster(Mesocricetus auratus).However,the role of the vomeronasal organ in social odor recognition,social interaction and fitness is not well understood.Therefore,we conducted a series of behavioral and physiological tests to examine the referred points in golden hamster.We found that male hamsters with vomeronasal organ lesion showed no preference between a predator odor(the anal gland secretion of the Siberian weasels(Mustela sibirica)and putative female pheromone components(myristic acid and palmitic acid),but were still able to discriminate between these 2 kinds of odors.In behavioral tests of anxiety,we found that vomeronasal organ removal causes female hamsters to spend much less time in center grids and to cross fewer center grids and males to make fewer crossings between light and dark boxes than sham-operated controls.This indicates that a chronic vomeronasal organ lesion induced anxious responses in females.In aggressive behavioral tests,we found that a chronic vomeronasal organ lesion decreased agonistic behavior in female hamsters but not in males.The pup growth and litter size show no differences between the 2 groups.All together,our data suggested that vomeronasal organ ablation disrupted the olfactory recognition of social chemosignals in males,and induced anxiety-like and aggressive behavior changes in females.However,a vomeronasal organ lesion did not affect the reproductive capacity and fitness of hamsters.Our studies may have important implications concerning the role of the vomeronasal organ in golden hamsters and also in rodents.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600)National Natural Science Foundation of China (U0836603)+2 种基金National Undergraduate Students Research Training Fund from Ministry of Education of China, National Fund for Fostering Talents of Basic Science (J0730652)Research Training Fund from Experiment Teaching Center of Life SciencesProject of Higher Education Reform and Practice of Science and Engineering from Ministry of Education of China (239)
文摘The recognition and perception of chemical signals from environments are very important for the survival of organisms.In mammals,general chemical signals are mainly detected by the main olfactory system (MOS),while pheromones are primarily perceived by the vomeronasal system (VNS).Pheromones are chemicals released and recognized by individuals within the same species,which then induce physiological and behavioral changes in social and sexual activities.In this review,we focus on the recent advances on research in mammalian vomeronasal pheromone perception and those genetic components unique to vomeronasal signal transduction pathway,including vomeronasal receptor V1R and V2R gene families as well as transient receptor potential channel 2 gene (TRPC2),trying to shed light on further study of the molecular mechanisms of mammalian pheromone perception.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30430110 and 30021004)Yunnan Bureau of Science and Technology
文摘Two multigene superfamilies, named V1R and V2R, encoding seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified as pheromone receptors in mammals. Three V2R gene families have been described in mouse and rat. Here we screened the updated mouse genome se- quence database and finally retrieved 63 putative functional V2R genes including three newly identified genes which formed a new additional family. We described the genomic organization of these genes and also characterized the conservation of mouse V2R protein sequences. These genomic and se- quence information we described are useful as part of the evidence to speculate the functional domain of V2Rs and should give aid to the functionality study in the future.
