Numerical study on near wake flows of a flat plate in three kinds of oncoming flows is made by using the discrete vortex model and improved vorticity creation method. For steady oncoming flow, both gross and detailed ...Numerical study on near wake flows of a flat plate in three kinds of oncoming flows is made by using the discrete vortex model and improved vorticity creation method. For steady oncoming flow, both gross and detailed features of the wake flow are calculated and discussed. Then, in harmonic oscillatory oncoming flow two different wake flow patterns with K_c=2,4 and 10 are obtained respectively. Our results present a new wake flow pattern for low K_c numbers (K_c<5) describing vortex shedding, pairing and moving in a period of the oscillatory flow starting from rest. The calculated drag and inertia force coefficients are closer to experimental data from the U-tube than the previous results of vortex simulation. For in-line combined oncoming flow the vortex lock-in and dynamic characteristics are simulated. The results are shown to be in good agreement with experiments.展开更多
Various properties of a necklace vortex system formed around a rectangular plate standing vertically on a flat ground wall were investigated by visualizations produced by injecting fluorescent dye into a water channel...Various properties of a necklace vortex system formed around a rectangular plate standing vertically on a flat ground wall were investigated by visualizations produced by injecting fluorescent dye into a water channel flow. As a result, it was found that the necklace vortex pattern had three steady systems depending on the Reynolds number Reh, the relative height h/δ of the rectangular plate compared with the laminar boundary layer thickness and the aspect ratio w/h. As it is expected that the aspect ratio of the rectangular plate will typify the projected area configuration of various three-dimensional bodies, the aspect ratio is varied widely from 0.5 to 7.0. The transitional boundaries of Reh and h/δ in the 2-vortex, 4-vortex and 6-vortex systems for each aspect ratio decreased when w/h < 3.0, and increased when w/h ≥ 3.0 as w/h increased. The x-direction length of the main vortex position XV1/h was almost constant when w/h < 3.0, and decreased when w/h ≥ 3.0 as Reh increased. Then, the separation length r1/h increased when w/h < 3.0 and Reh < 1000, and became almost constant when w/h ≥ 3.0 and Reh ≥ 1000 as w/h and Reh increased. Moreover, the increase of r1/h is notably rapid when w/h < 3.0.展开更多
In this study, the unsteady behavior of necklace vortices formed in front of a square flat plate was experimentally investigated by flow visualization and PIV analysis by using a water channel. As a result, the neckla...In this study, the unsteady behavior of necklace vortices formed in front of a square flat plate was experimentally investigated by flow visualization and PIV analysis by using a water channel. As a result, the necklace vortices started to oscillate when the Reynolds number increased beyond approximately 2000. Then, an amalgamation behavior of the necklace vortices took place when the Reynolds number increased beyond approximately 2650. Furthermore, in the same Reynolds number range, a breakaway behavior appeared when the relative height of the square plate was beyond approximately h/δ = 4.0. The features of the necklace vortices behaviors in the oscillation, amalgamation and breakaway states were explained by observing the time-series image of path lines and by analyzing the frequency of velocity fluctuation.展开更多
A numerical investigation was performed on the reduction of the fluid forces acting on the square cylinder in the laminar flow regime with a perforated plate. The effects of geometric parameters such as the distance b...A numerical investigation was performed on the reduction of the fluid forces acting on the square cylinder in the laminar flow regime with a perforated plate. The effects of geometric parameters such as the distance between the square cylinder and the perforated plate on the wake of the square cylinder were discussed. Furthermore, the flow characteristics such as the drag coefficient, lift coefficient, Strouhal number and flow pattern were obtained. It can be concluded that the drag force of the square cylinder reduces to some extent due to the addition of the perforated plate. The flow structure varies when the perforated plate is located behind the square cylinder. Moreover, the recirculation zone augments with the increase of L/D, and the vortex trace on the upper and lower surface of the square cylinder moves gradually backwards until a stable recirculation zone formed between the square cylinder and the perforated plate.展开更多
The evolution of wake structures and variation of the forces on a flat plate in harmonic oscillatory and in-line combined flows are obtained numerically by improved discrete vortex method. For the oscillatory oncoming...The evolution of wake structures and variation of the forces on a flat plate in harmonic oscillatory and in-line combined flows are obtained numerically by improved discrete vortex method. For the oscillatory oncoming flow cases, when K_c number varies from 2 to 40, the vortex pattern changes from a 'harmonic wave' shaped (in a range of small K_c numbers) to a slight inclined 'harmonic wave' shaped (in a range of moderate K_c numbers), then to inclined vortex clusters with an angle of 50 ° to the oncoming flow direction (at K_c = 20), at last, as K_c number becomes large, the vortex pattern is like a normal Karman vortex street. The well predicted drag and inertia force coefficients are obtained, which are more close to the results of Keulegan & Carpenter's experiment as compared with previous vortex simulation by other au- thors. The existence of minimum point of inertia force coefficient C_m near K_c = 20 is also well predicted and this phenomenon can be interpreted according to the vortex structure. For steady-oscillatory in-line combined flow cases, the vortex modes behave like a vortex street, exhibit a 'longitudinal wave' structure, and a vor- tex cluster shape corresponding to the ratios of U_m to U_0 which are of O (10^(-1)), O(1)and O (10), respectively. The effect on the prediction of forces on the flat plate from the disturbance component in a combined flow has been demon- strated qualitatively. In addition to this, the lock-in phenomenon of vortex shedding has been checked.展开更多
在轴向柱塞泵的工作过程中,通过配流盘进行高低压的循环切换,而配流盘的过流面积是影响柱塞泵内部压力平稳过渡的重要参数。为了完成对配流结构过流面积的求解计算,提出了一种基于多维流场点云的过流面积计算方法。首先,对配流盘流场的...在轴向柱塞泵的工作过程中,通过配流盘进行高低压的循环切换,而配流盘的过流面积是影响柱塞泵内部压力平稳过渡的重要参数。为了完成对配流结构过流面积的求解计算,提出了一种基于多维流场点云的过流面积计算方法。首先,对配流盘流场的点云化过程进行了理论分析,得到了点云化处理的实施方法;然后,对配流盘三维流域模型进行了系列修正,提出了缓冲槽连通阶段模型的修正方法,提高了过流面积计算的准确性;最后,对不同配流阶段的过流面积进行了计算,并与理论测量所得结果以及采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟方法所得的结果,分别进行了对比。计算结果表明:基于多维流场点云的过流面积识别算法求得的过流面积峰值大小为174.5 mm 2,而理论测量值的大小为177.5 mm 2;二者的相对误差率大约为1.7%;而与基于CFD方法所得结果的整体相对误差率,大约在5%以内。研究结果表明:采用该方法,能够直接且较精准地完成对配流盘过流面积的求解与计算,有效地简化了过流面积变换趋势的求解过程。展开更多
Nonlinear interaction between surface waves and a submerged horizontal plate is investigated in the absorbed numerical wave flume developed based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The governing equations of the num...Nonlinear interaction between surface waves and a submerged horizontal plate is investigated in the absorbed numerical wave flume developed based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The governing equations of the numerical model are the continuity equation and the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the k-ε turbulence equations. Incident waves are generated by an absorbing wave-maker that eliminates the waves reflected from structures. Results are obtained for a range of parameters, with consideration of the condition under which the reflection coefficient becomes maximal and the transmission coefficient minimal. Wave breaking over the plate, vortex shedding downwave, and pulsating flow below the plate are observed. Time-averaged hydrodynamic force reveals a negative drift force. All these characteristics provide a reference for construction of submerged plate breakwaters.展开更多
A wing-body junction flow of a navigating underwater vehicle is considered to be a crucial source of the flow radiating acoustic noise, which attracts much research interest. In this paper, wing-plate junction flows a...A wing-body junction flow of a navigating underwater vehicle is considered to be a crucial source of the flow radiating acoustic noise, which attracts much research interest. In this paper, wing-plate junction flows are experimentally investigated in a low-speed wind tunnel by smoke-wire flow visualizations and time-resolved PIV measurements. To reveal the physical behavior of such flows, smoke-wire flow visualizations are conducted for a laminar wing-plate junction. A novel control strategy is proposed, to accurately locate the suction openings where the streamline is about to roll up to form a vortex in the turbulent junction flows. The control effect is discussed in perspectives of both the time-averaged and instantaneous flow fields.展开更多
The flow around two plates having asymmetric beveled trailing edge placed side-by-side in a uniform stream were investigated both numerically and experimentally. Two plates with spacing ratio of 1.0 and beveled traili...The flow around two plates having asymmetric beveled trailing edge placed side-by-side in a uniform stream were investigated both numerically and experimentally. Two plates with spacing ratio of 1.0 and beveled trailing edge of angle 20° were tested at Reynolds numbers equal to 3.97×10^4. The numerical simulation results displayed that the flow separates on one plate beveled trailing edge surface. The vortex formation and shedding from this plate led to deflecting the flow toward the other plate and consequently the wake behind the plates showed an asymmetric development. The photographs obtained from the flow visualization confirmed the numerical results concerning the flow separation and vortex formation. It was also found that the computed pressure distribution on the two plate surfaces was different, particularly on the beveled trailing edge surfaces and on the fiat sides.展开更多
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Fundation of China and LNM of Institute of Mechanics. CAS .
文摘Numerical study on near wake flows of a flat plate in three kinds of oncoming flows is made by using the discrete vortex model and improved vorticity creation method. For steady oncoming flow, both gross and detailed features of the wake flow are calculated and discussed. Then, in harmonic oscillatory oncoming flow two different wake flow patterns with K_c=2,4 and 10 are obtained respectively. Our results present a new wake flow pattern for low K_c numbers (K_c<5) describing vortex shedding, pairing and moving in a period of the oscillatory flow starting from rest. The calculated drag and inertia force coefficients are closer to experimental data from the U-tube than the previous results of vortex simulation. For in-line combined oncoming flow the vortex lock-in and dynamic characteristics are simulated. The results are shown to be in good agreement with experiments.
文摘Various properties of a necklace vortex system formed around a rectangular plate standing vertically on a flat ground wall were investigated by visualizations produced by injecting fluorescent dye into a water channel flow. As a result, it was found that the necklace vortex pattern had three steady systems depending on the Reynolds number Reh, the relative height h/δ of the rectangular plate compared with the laminar boundary layer thickness and the aspect ratio w/h. As it is expected that the aspect ratio of the rectangular plate will typify the projected area configuration of various three-dimensional bodies, the aspect ratio is varied widely from 0.5 to 7.0. The transitional boundaries of Reh and h/δ in the 2-vortex, 4-vortex and 6-vortex systems for each aspect ratio decreased when w/h < 3.0, and increased when w/h ≥ 3.0 as w/h increased. The x-direction length of the main vortex position XV1/h was almost constant when w/h < 3.0, and decreased when w/h ≥ 3.0 as Reh increased. Then, the separation length r1/h increased when w/h < 3.0 and Reh < 1000, and became almost constant when w/h ≥ 3.0 and Reh ≥ 1000 as w/h and Reh increased. Moreover, the increase of r1/h is notably rapid when w/h < 3.0.
文摘In this study, the unsteady behavior of necklace vortices formed in front of a square flat plate was experimentally investigated by flow visualization and PIV analysis by using a water channel. As a result, the necklace vortices started to oscillate when the Reynolds number increased beyond approximately 2000. Then, an amalgamation behavior of the necklace vortices took place when the Reynolds number increased beyond approximately 2650. Furthermore, in the same Reynolds number range, a breakaway behavior appeared when the relative height of the square plate was beyond approximately h/δ = 4.0. The features of the necklace vortices behaviors in the oscillation, amalgamation and breakaway states were explained by observing the time-series image of path lines and by analyzing the frequency of velocity fluctuation.
文摘A numerical investigation was performed on the reduction of the fluid forces acting on the square cylinder in the laminar flow regime with a perforated plate. The effects of geometric parameters such as the distance between the square cylinder and the perforated plate on the wake of the square cylinder were discussed. Furthermore, the flow characteristics such as the drag coefficient, lift coefficient, Strouhal number and flow pattern were obtained. It can be concluded that the drag force of the square cylinder reduces to some extent due to the addition of the perforated plate. The flow structure varies when the perforated plate is located behind the square cylinder. Moreover, the recirculation zone augments with the increase of L/D, and the vortex trace on the upper and lower surface of the square cylinder moves gradually backwards until a stable recirculation zone formed between the square cylinder and the perforated plate.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China & LNM, Institute of Mechanics, CAS
文摘The evolution of wake structures and variation of the forces on a flat plate in harmonic oscillatory and in-line combined flows are obtained numerically by improved discrete vortex method. For the oscillatory oncoming flow cases, when K_c number varies from 2 to 40, the vortex pattern changes from a 'harmonic wave' shaped (in a range of small K_c numbers) to a slight inclined 'harmonic wave' shaped (in a range of moderate K_c numbers), then to inclined vortex clusters with an angle of 50 ° to the oncoming flow direction (at K_c = 20), at last, as K_c number becomes large, the vortex pattern is like a normal Karman vortex street. The well predicted drag and inertia force coefficients are obtained, which are more close to the results of Keulegan & Carpenter's experiment as compared with previous vortex simulation by other au- thors. The existence of minimum point of inertia force coefficient C_m near K_c = 20 is also well predicted and this phenomenon can be interpreted according to the vortex structure. For steady-oscillatory in-line combined flow cases, the vortex modes behave like a vortex street, exhibit a 'longitudinal wave' structure, and a vor- tex cluster shape corresponding to the ratios of U_m to U_0 which are of O (10^(-1)), O(1)and O (10), respectively. The effect on the prediction of forces on the flat plate from the disturbance component in a combined flow has been demon- strated qualitatively. In addition to this, the lock-in phenomenon of vortex shedding has been checked.
文摘在轴向柱塞泵的工作过程中,通过配流盘进行高低压的循环切换,而配流盘的过流面积是影响柱塞泵内部压力平稳过渡的重要参数。为了完成对配流结构过流面积的求解计算,提出了一种基于多维流场点云的过流面积计算方法。首先,对配流盘流场的点云化过程进行了理论分析,得到了点云化处理的实施方法;然后,对配流盘三维流域模型进行了系列修正,提出了缓冲槽连通阶段模型的修正方法,提高了过流面积计算的准确性;最后,对不同配流阶段的过流面积进行了计算,并与理论测量所得结果以及采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟方法所得的结果,分别进行了对比。计算结果表明:基于多维流场点云的过流面积识别算法求得的过流面积峰值大小为174.5 mm 2,而理论测量值的大小为177.5 mm 2;二者的相对误差率大约为1.7%;而与基于CFD方法所得结果的整体相对误差率,大约在5%以内。研究结果表明:采用该方法,能够直接且较精准地完成对配流盘过流面积的求解与计算,有效地简化了过流面积变换趋势的求解过程。
文摘Nonlinear interaction between surface waves and a submerged horizontal plate is investigated in the absorbed numerical wave flume developed based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The governing equations of the numerical model are the continuity equation and the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the k-ε turbulence equations. Incident waves are generated by an absorbing wave-maker that eliminates the waves reflected from structures. Results are obtained for a range of parameters, with consideration of the condition under which the reflection coefficient becomes maximal and the transmission coefficient minimal. Wave breaking over the plate, vortex shedding downwave, and pulsating flow below the plate are observed. Time-averaged hydrodynamic force reveals a negative drift force. All these characteristics provide a reference for construction of submerged plate breakwaters.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant No.11102188)the National Key Labo-ratory of Science and Technology on Hydrodynamics
文摘A wing-body junction flow of a navigating underwater vehicle is considered to be a crucial source of the flow radiating acoustic noise, which attracts much research interest. In this paper, wing-plate junction flows are experimentally investigated in a low-speed wind tunnel by smoke-wire flow visualizations and time-resolved PIV measurements. To reveal the physical behavior of such flows, smoke-wire flow visualizations are conducted for a laminar wing-plate junction. A novel control strategy is proposed, to accurately locate the suction openings where the streamline is about to roll up to form a vortex in the turbulent junction flows. The control effect is discussed in perspectives of both the time-averaged and instantaneous flow fields.
文摘The flow around two plates having asymmetric beveled trailing edge placed side-by-side in a uniform stream were investigated both numerically and experimentally. Two plates with spacing ratio of 1.0 and beveled trailing edge of angle 20° were tested at Reynolds numbers equal to 3.97×10^4. The numerical simulation results displayed that the flow separates on one plate beveled trailing edge surface. The vortex formation and shedding from this plate led to deflecting the flow toward the other plate and consequently the wake behind the plates showed an asymmetric development. The photographs obtained from the flow visualization confirmed the numerical results concerning the flow separation and vortex formation. It was also found that the computed pressure distribution on the two plate surfaces was different, particularly on the beveled trailing edge surfaces and on the fiat sides.
