Simulation and optimization of scrap wagon dismantling system based on Plant Simulation

Based on the existing plant layout and process flow,a simulation analysis was conducted using the Plant Simulation platform with the utilization efficiency of each station and production capacity of the dismantling system as indicators.A problem with long-term suspension in the disassembly process was determined.Based on the two optimization directions of increasing material transportation equipment and expanding the buffer capacity,a cost-oriented optimization model is established.A genetic algorithm and model simulation were used to solve the model.An optimization scheme that satisfies the production needs and has the lowest cost is proposed.The results show that the optimized dismantling system solves the suspended work problem at the dismantling station and a significant improvement in productivity and station utilization efficiency compared with the previous system.

Wheel/rail-force–based maintenance interval extension of the C80 series wagon

Purpose–This study aims to introduce the achievements and benefits of applying wheel/rail-force–based maintenance interval extension of the C80 series wagon in China.Design/methodology/approach–Chinese wagons’existing maintenance strategy had left a certain safety margin for the characteristics of widely running range,unstable service environment and submission to transportation organization requirements.To reduce maintenance costs,China railway(CR)has attempted to extend the maintenance interval since 2020.The maintenance cycle of C80 series heavy haul wagons is extended by three months(no stable routing)or 50,000 km(regular routing).However,in the meantime,the alarming rate of the running state,a key index to reflect the severe degree of hunting stability,by the train performance detection system(TPDS)for the C80 series heavy haul wagons has increased significantly.Findings–The present paper addresses a big data statistical way to evaluate the risk of allowing the C80 series heavy haul wagons to remain in operation longer than stipulated by the maintenance interval initial set.Through the maintenance and wayside-detectordata,whichis divided intothreestages,the extension period(three months),the current maintenance period and the previous maintenance period,this method reveals the alarming rate of hunting was correlated with maintenance interval.The maintainability of wagons will be achieved by utilizing wagon performance degradation modeling with the state of the wheelset and the often-contact side bearing.This paper also proposes a statistical model to return to the average safety level of the previous maintenance period’s baseline through correct alarming thresholds for unplanned corrective maintenance.Originality/value–The paper proposes an approach to reduce safety risk due to maintenance interval extension by effective maintenance program.The results are expected to help the railway company make the optimal solution to balance safety and the economy.

Study on the Organization Model of Wagon Flows in Railway Terminal

Railway terminal is an important part of railway network. Transport organization of railway terminal is the key of the railway transport organization. Moreover, the organization of transport work is based on the organization of wagon flows in the railway terminal. Because of the great amounts of equipment and a large number of train operations, the study on railway terminal transport organization is mostly focused on a marshalling station in railway terminal or a part of it. Systematic study taking railway terminal as a whole is very few. In this paper, the organization of wagon flows in a railway terminal is analyzed and a wagon flow model in a railway terminal is established. The main principles of organization of local trains are also presented.

Virtual Prototype Modeling and Simulation of Pipe Wagon Articulating System

Virtual prototype of pipe wagon articulating (PWA) system has been developed and simulated based on the kinematics and dynamics of machinery and Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems (ADAMS) software. It has been integrated with real-time three dimensional (3-D) system simulations for detailed and responsive interaction with dynamic virtual environments. By using this virtual model, the conceptual design examination and performance analysis of the PWA system have been realized dynamically in virtual laboratory. System dynamic force, displacement and tension of pipe have been measured through verifying this 3- D virtual prototype. By comparing the static tension and dynamic tension of pipe, the difference between the two kind tensions has been found. The simulated dynamic tension is much greater than the static tension obtained from the static theory. The results attained in this work suggest that the conceptual designed PWA system can meet the requirements of the operation.

Volvo V60 Sports Wagon

继2010年日内瓦车展推出全新一代S60后，Volvo再接再励于近日推出了S60的旅行车版本：V60 Sports Wagon。

斯巴鲁力狮WAGON

如果你既迷恋发动机高转速时发出的嘶鸣，又偏爱漂亮的外形和舒适的空间，那绝不应该错过斯巴鲁力狮Wagon——一辆拥有水平对置发动机、排量小而空间大的旅行车。

T休旅——华晨俊捷Wagon

Wagon车型作为欧洲乘用车市场的主流产品，同时具备舒适、安全、燃油经济性，大空间和空间灵活的组合性等优点，深受国外市场消费者的欢迎。它代表的其实是一种从容而注重生活本质的生活态度，具有广泛的实用性。在中国，菲亚特周末风、赛欧S-RV以自己娇小的身材探寻着旅行车的家用市场，接下来便是叫好不叫座的凯越旅行车和马自达6Wagon。

QOMOLANGMA WAGON TRAIN

Tashi the Youngest Wagoner is Fourteen-year-old Amongst the fifty wagoners of the Qomolangma wagon train,fourteen-year-old Tashi is the youngest.

MK3-15 Wagon Wheel便携式钻机在中东地区的应用与改进

本文介绍了MK3-15 Wagon Wheel便携式钻机的原理、功能及在中东地区山地钻井作业中的应用情况,对该钻机气动马达容易损坏的原因进行了分析,给出了相应的改进方法。

形状匹配的铁路油罐车罐口视觉定位方法

为了克服非均匀光照、车型以及摄像机安装位置等因素造成的罐口定位误差,提出了一种基于形状匹配的铁路油罐车罐口视觉定位方法。利用罐口为标准几何形状的特点,使用标准图像提取罐口边缘并进行形状拟合;将得到的轮廓形状作为图像识别模板,在待搜索图像中使用基于轮廓的归一化互相关查找目标;在搜索过程中对形状模板进行缩放,以兼容不同型号车型罐口;利用图像金字塔技术减小计算量,加快匹配速度。结果表明,所提出的方法满足误差要求,能够应用于工业现场。

铁路枢纽双编组站静态配流协同优化研究

枢纽内跨编组站进行协同配流有助于优化枢纽内的车流接续,提高全局配流质量。引入跨编组站协同配流思想,构建铁路枢纽双编组站静态配流协同优化模型,以最小化双编组站的配流总代价、最大化双编组站的总满轴列车数为优化目标,考虑车流量约束、列车到解编发作业与枢纽小运转列车走行的接续时间约束、出发列车满轴与不违编约束、调机资源使用约束。以列车等级、编组去向数及出发时刻排序作为配流代价。设计理想点算法将多目标转化为单目标进行求解,最后运用算例对模型及算法的有效性进行验证。结果表明,双编组站联合配流相较于两编组站单独配流,可使满轴列车总数增加1列、站存车总数减少13辆、配流总代价降低5.4%,从而达到更佳的配流效果。

铁路货车牵引梁振动频响特性分析

铁路货车牵引梁是轨道车辆运行过程中的重要系统部件,该部件受结构振动影响显著。通过有限元理论和频响理论相结合进行牵引梁有限元分析,基于模态叠加法对牵引梁做频率响应分析,获取牵引梁的变形频响曲线,同时关注固有频率对频响函数峰值的影响,从而使得频响分析结果更为准确。

需求不确定的铁路车流径路优化模型

引入不确定理论中的鲁棒优化描述铁路货运日常运输组织工作中的车流量波动,提出需求不确定的铁路车流径路优化模型。首先,考虑线路通过能力和网络流量守衡约束,以绕道率阈值参数控制车流径路里程的合理性,以走行成本最小化为优化目标,建立需求确定的车流径路优化模型;然后,引入盒式不确定集描述车流量的波动性,设计鲁棒代价调节模型的保守程度,基于鲁棒对等理论建立需求不确定的车流径路优化模型;最后,通过小型算例验证模型的正确性,并基于沈阳铁路局集团有限公司所辖路网的实际算例验证模型的实用性。结果表明:部分车流量发生波动时,对应的最优径路方案随之发生变化;鲁棒代价能够权衡最优方案的成本和违反通过能力约束的概率,小型算例和实际算例中鲁棒代价分别取5和11时,得到的车流径路方案处于系统成本与运输需求满足的平衡点。该模型及鲁棒优化理论可为管理者制定车流径路方案提供决策参考。

铁路货车钩舌检修数字孪生车间的研究与应用

为了实现对铁路货车检修车间的实时透明管控,提高车间管理的信息化和智能化水平。首先,基于数字孪生技术,提出一种数字孪生检修车间六维模型,介绍了系统核心功能和开发流程,并详细阐述了数据采集及交换、三维可视化场景构建,被检对象生成等全要素精准建模过程。其次,基于分布式MQTT构架的数据采集及交换的方法,建立多源异构数据流转节点的状态矩阵,利用嵌入式设备、采集卡、传感器,逻辑控制器与车间管控系统进行数据交换,结合检修车间设备、物料、产线等检修全过程动态模型,构建了虚实交互映射的检修车间数字孪生系统。最后,通过基于数据挖掘的钩舌检修跟踪、检修工艺甘特图等技术输出,展示了数字孪生关键技术在钩舌智能检修中的应用场景,验证了所提方法的有效性,同时为数字孪生在智能轨道交通中的应用提供参考。

基于运行安全性的某重载铁路既有货车提速可行性分析

为探究某重载铁路列车最高运行速度由80 km/h提高至90 km/h后既有货车的安全性能,评估提速的可行性,综合考虑列车服役条件、车辆及车钩缓冲装置结构,基于多体动力学理论建立多节连挂重载货车动力学仿真分析模型,并采用现场试验数据验证了模型的有效性,进一步通过仿真分析研究C80与C64K货车空车、重车的非线性临界速度,对比分析了C80与C64K货车提速后的动力学性能,探明了转向架关键参数对既有货车运行安全性指标的影响规律。结果表明,C80货车空车、重车的非线性临界速度分别为124,180 km/h,C64K货车空车、重车的非线性临界速度分别为92,112 km/h,C80与C64K货车空车的非线性临界速度较其重车分别下降18%和31%,空车运行时的稳定性较重车更差;当C64K货车以90 km/h的速度运行时,轮重减载率和侧架横向加速度均存在超限现象,而C80货车各指标均未超过限值;C64K货车转向架的一系悬挂导框横向间隙对其轮轨动力学性能影响较小,而C64K货车动力学指标随着一系悬挂导框摩擦系数的减小而增大。

神华铁路动态货物列车开行方案编制优化研究

重载铁路作为我国大型战略物资的重要运输通道,其货物流向及列车径路较为简单。货物列车开行方案既是货物运输组织的重要计划,也是影响货主装运需求与货运到达时限的关键。以神华铁路为研究对象,以重车作业时间与空车延误时间最小化为目标,构建神华铁路动态开行方案编制优化模型,并设计两阶段遗传-禁忌搜索算法的求解策略。最后以包神南线与神朔线作为实例验证,优化后总目标函数值为30010min,其中重车运输作业时间30010min,空车延误时间0min。实现了重空车的合理接续,最大化的保障了货主运输需求,证明了上述模型与算法的有效性。

基于铁路货物列车节能开行方案的优化研究

为了更好地发挥铁路绿色运营的优势,本文提出面向节能的铁路货物列车开行方案的优化方法。通过对铁路货运线路上的列车运行能耗进行仿真分析,发现不同区间内的运行能耗、不同车站的起停附加能耗差异较大,因此可以通过合理的车流组织来降低能耗。据此,结合铁路实际运输情况,综合考虑铁路运营效益、铁路运输效率、货主时间利益和铁路节能需求,建立铁路货物列车节能开行方案优化模型。选取某铁路线路作为算例验证模型,并对算例结果进行对比分析,结果表明,所构建的优化模型相比其他方案具有更好的优化效果,能够有效降低列车运行能耗并提升运输效率。

货车门板材料腐蚀原因分析

[目的]铁路运煤货车门板发生了严重的腐蚀。[方法]通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对门板基材及腐蚀产物进行分析,并采用X射线荧光光谱和离子色谱分别对货车内残留的煤粉及其溶液进行分析。[结果]车体材料由铁素体和珠光体组成,无明显的夹杂物。腐蚀产物为Fe的氧化物和氢氧化物,有部分疏松多孔,表面存在裂纹。煤中除氧化物外,含有微量的Cl元素。煤粉溶液中含有一定量的Cl^(-)和SO_(4)^(2−)离子。[结论]铁路货车车门附近较易发生腐蚀主要是由于存在较高浓度的Cl^(-)和SO_(4)^(2−)。这两种离子在潮湿环境下会加剧车体金属材料的电化学腐蚀。

面向多编组站铁路枢纽的列流-车流协同组织优化

研究一类面向多编组站铁路枢纽的列流-车流协同组织优化问题。以列车进出站走行、货车改编与集结、地方作业车取送费用最小为目标,考虑枢纽各编组站接入方向、衔接装卸站情况、场站到解集编发能力和枢纽转站能力等限制构建模型,并根据模型特点设计两阶段融合求解策略。该策略首先给出主核心车组接入编组站作为列车接入站的贪婪匹配方法,进而利用次核心车组进行方案调整,然后根据到解集编发能力和转站能力限制完成匹配方案检验,得到可行匹配方案集。其次,给出列车与编组站相互匹配的编码方案,进而利用基于优选集的交互-内生更新过程找出最优列车-编组站匹配方案。最后通过不同规模算例测试所提方法的求解性能。

集装箱自动装煤控制系统研究

为了合理优化智能化集装箱自动装煤工作、提升装车精度、实现无人化操作,对集装箱自动装煤系统进行了研究。首先,设计了集装箱自动装煤控制系统,通过五个主要控制单元,使各单元之间相互配合协调工作。其次,对集装箱自动装煤控制系统进行模拟试验,主要测试工作效率以及装车精度,并根据试验结果判断模型实际工作效果。试验结果表明:在自动装煤阶段,前半段系统工作贴近理想工作曲线,后半段装车偏离曲线,还需改进;集装箱自动装煤控制系统装车误差小于标准误差;模型各项参数计算结果均符合要求。集装箱自动装煤控制系统能够较好地完成无人化自动装煤工作,对提高火车装车效率和精度具有较高价值。该研究在煤矿工业科技创新方面以及火车定量装车领域具有推进作用。