Predictive Ability of Hypertriglyceridemic Waist,Hypertriglyceridemic Waist-to-Height Ratio,and Waist-to-Hip Ratio for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Clustering Screening among Chinese Children and Adolescents

Objective Hypertriglyceridemic waist(HW),hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio(HWHtR),and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR)have been shown to be indicators of cardiometabolic risk factors.However,it is not clear which indicator is more suitable for children and adolescents.We aimed to investigate the relationship between HW,HWHtR,WHR,and cardiovascular risk factors clustering to determine the best screening tools for cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents.Methods This was a national cross-sectional study.Anthropometric and biochemical variables were assessed in approximately 70,000 participants aged 6–18 years from seven provinces in China.Demographics,physical activity,dietary intake,and family history of chronic diseases were obtained through questionnaires.ANOVA,χ2 and logistic regression analysis was conducted.Results A significant sex difference was observed for HWHtR and WHR,but not for HW phenotype.The risk of cardiometabolic health risk factor clustering with HW phenotype or the HWHtR phenotype was significantly higher than that with the non-HW or non-HWHtR phenotypes among children and adolescents(HW:OR=12.22,95%CI:9.54-15.67;HWHtR:OR=9.70,95%CI:6.93-13.58).Compared with the HW and HWHtR phenotypes,the association between risk of cardiometabolic health risk factors(CHRF)clustering and high WHR was much weaker and not significant(WHR:OR=1.14,95%CI:0.97-1.34).Conclusion Compared with HWHtR and WHR,the HW phenotype is a more convenient indicator with higher applicability to screen children and adolescents for cardiovascular risk factors.

Analysis of Ankle-Brachial Index, Waist-Hip Ratio, Ejection-Fraction, Obesity, Smoking, Alcohol Habits, Diabetes and Hypertension as Independent Predictors of Complexity and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

Background: The present study was conducted to examine the association between various coronary risk factors and clinical parameters, with special emphasis on ankle-brachial index, in predicting the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease. Methods: Patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease at our hospital between September-2012 and December-2014 were examined in this study. Selected patients were screened for cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and alcohol habits as well as for clinical parameters including body-mass index, waist-hip ratio, ankle-brachial index, and ejection fraction. All patients underwent coronary angiography and were evaluated for severity of coronary artery disease (based on number of vessels involved) and complexity of coronary angiographic lesions (measured by computer-assisted Syntax score calculator). The collected data were analyzed to determine the role of cardiovascular risk factors and clinical parameters as predictors of complexity and severity of coronary artery disease. Results: A total of 211 patients (mean age: 54.64 ± 9.9 years;81% males) with coronary artery disease were analyzed. Findings revealed that diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), smoking habits (p = 0.036), and low ankle-brachial index (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of complex coronary artery disease as measured by Syntax score. Significant associations were also evident between severity of coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), and ankle-brachial index (p < 0.001). Conversely, other cardiovascular risk factors including body-mass index, alcohol habits, wait-hip ratio, and ejection fraction did not exhibit significant associations with severity and complexity of coronary artery. Conclusions: The early diagnosis of coronary artery can be predicated by evaluating diabetes, hypertension, and smoking habits in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome. In addition, ankle-brachial index can be used as an effective non-invasive bed-side tool, as an alternative to Syntax score, in predicting the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease.

螺杆组合对阻燃HIPS产品性能及能耗影响的研究

采用不同长径比的双螺杆挤出机制备HIPS阻燃料,对阻燃HIPS的阻燃性能进行了比较,通过测量挤出机的功率来计算其能耗并测试了试样的抗拉强度。结果表明,在一定的长径比范围内,大长径比耗能相对最低,能够节省大量能源,有利于工业化生产。

术前NLR联合PLR预测髋关节镜治疗股骨髋臼撞击综合征短期疗效的价值

目的探究术前中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(platelet to lymphocyte ratio,PLR)预测髋关节镜治疗股骨髋臼撞击综合征短期疗效的价值。方法选择2022年1月至2024年1月于沧州市人民医院就诊并接受髋关节镜手术治疗的58例股骨髋臼撞击综合征病人作为研究对象。术前采用全自动血细胞分析仪检测所有病人的血常规,记录中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和血小板绝对数,计算NLR和PLR。记录术前及术后6个月的改良Harris髋关节功能评分(modified Harris hip scores,mHHS),根据mHHS改善程度是否≥50%将病人分为疗效显著组和疗效不显著组。采用受试者特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评估术前NLR、PLR及两者联合对病人术后短期疗效的预测效能,采用Pearson相关性分析评估术前NLR、PLR与术后6个月mHHS评分的相关性。结果术后6个月时58例病人的mHHS评分较术前显著升高,疗效显著者27例,疗效不显著者31例,疗效不显著组的术前NLR、PLR较疗效显著组显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前NLR、PLR及两者联合预测病人术后疗效不显著的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)分别为0.735[95%CI(0.604,0.865)]、0.774[95%CI(0.654,0.894)]和0.876[95%CI(0.781,0.971)]。术前NLR、PLR均与术后mHHS评分呈显著负相关(r=-0.382,P=0.002;r=-0.488,P<0.001)。结论术前NLR、PLR与术后mHHS评分呈显著负相关,两者联合对股骨髋臼撞击综合征经髋关节镜治疗后的短期疗效具有一定预测价值。

Performance of waist circumference relative to BMI in predicting risk of obesity and hypertension among affluent Indian adults

In view of the fact that Asians have higher abdominal fat at lower levels of body mass index (BMI), measures of abdominal adiposity such as waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were investigated as predictors of hypertension. Data on BMI, WC, WHR and blood pressure (BP) were recorded through a cross-sectional study on 419 urban adults (210 men and 209 women;aged 30-60 years) in Pune, India. Abdominal obesity was higher among women than men (35.9% vs. 32.4%). However, age adjusted mean systolic BP (124.3 ± 15.1 mmHg vs. 114.7 ± 17.2 mmHg), diastolic BP (82.9 ± 10.5 mmHg vs. 76.4 ± 10.7 mmHg) and prevalence of hypertension (34.3% vs. 21.5%) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) among men than among women. Although both WC and WHR increased with increase in BMI, correlation coefficient of BMI with WC was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that with WHR in both sexes, suggesting that WC could be better for assessing adiposity. In men, odds ratio [OR (95% CI) = 2.19 (1.08-4.45)] for hypertension was significant (p < 0.05) only for those in highest tertile of WC while it was significant (p < 0.01) even in the middle tertile in case of women [8.24 (2.67-25.43) for higher and 5.71 (1.82-17.89) for middle tertile]. Optimal cutoff for identifying obesity and hypertension showed significant (p < 0.01) area under curve (AUC) and sensitivity for WC than WHR in both sexes. The risk cutoffs were lower compared to those proposed by the World Health Organization especially for men, but were comparable with reported Asian studies. Thus, it was evident that WC performed better than BMI and WHR for assessing the risk of hypertension and may be used as a simple, convenient and inexpensive screening tool in epidemiological studies.

Role of waist circumference-to-height ratio in assessing adiposity,predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus and other cardiometabolic diseases

Although body mass index(BMI)is widely used as a simple tool to assess obesity,it has certain limitations and inaccuracies.It is known that visceral adipose tissue is closely related to cardiometabolic risks and all-cause mortality;however,precise measurement methods for visceral fat(magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography)cannot be widely used.Thus,simple but accurate alternatives are valuable.Studies have shown that waist circumference-to-height ratio(WHtR)might be a superior and more accurate variable in assessing central or visceral adiposity as well as predicting risks of diabetes and other cardiometabolic diseases.Furthermore,WHtR cutoff values can be consistent across different races,age,and genders,making it a universal metric worth promoting and applying.

体重指数、腰臀比及胰岛素抵抗与绝经后子宫内膜息肉发病的相关性分析

目的探究体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)及胰岛素抵抗(IR)与绝经后子宫内膜息肉(EP)发病的相关性。方法选取2021年10月至2023年1月资阳市人民医院收治的180例怀疑为绝经后EP患者作为研究对象。根据病理检查结果将其分为EP组(n=90)和非EP组(n=90)。比较两组的BMI、WHR、IR发生情况、性激素水平,分析BMI、WHR及IR与绝经后EP发病的关系。结果EP组的BMI、腰围、臀围、WHR均高于对照组(P<0.05);EP组空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FIN)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)水平及IR发生率均高于非EP组(P<0.05);两组黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E_(2))、孕酮(P)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);EP患者BMI、WHR与HOMA-IR均呈正相关(P<0.05);BMI、WHR、HOMA-IR是EP发生的独立危险因素。结论BMI、WHR、HOMA-IR与绝经后EP发生均具有相关性,临床需重视肥胖、胰岛素水平过高患者,定期进行妇科检查。

Correlation between waist circumference and other factors in menopausal women in Thailand

Objective: To find the correlation between waist circumference and other factors such as lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure in healthy menopausal women attending menopause clinic. Material and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out at the Menopause clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Four-hundred healthy menopause women who had no medication for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and other medical conditions were enrolled. Waist circumference, hip circumference, body weight, height, blood pressure were measured and their blood samples were taken for lipid profiles and fasting blood glucose level after 12 hours fasting. Results: The mean age of participants was 53.4 ± 5.8 years. Mean waist and hip circumference were 76.2 ± 8.0 and 95.9 ± 6.7 cm, respectively. Mean body mass index was 23.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2. Positive correlations were found between waist circumference and other factors: triglyceride level, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure. There was a negative correlation between waist circumference and HDL-Cholesterol level. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among participants by modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment panel III (NCEP ATP-III) with Asian waist circumference was 21.0%. Conclusion: Waist circumference had a positive correlation with triglyceride level, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure and a negative correlation with HDL-C.

中心性肥胖对不孕女性体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨中心性肥胖对不孕女性接受体外受精-胚胎移植后的妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性选取2017年10月至2019年9月在温州医科大学附属第一医院生殖医学中心首次接受体外受精-胚胎移植的2801例不孕女性为研究对象。根据进入治疗周期时的BMI和腰臀比(WHR)分为正常BMI非中心性肥胖组1659例、正常BMI中心性肥胖组654例、肥胖非中心性肥胖组146例和肥胖中心性肥胖组342例,比较4组治疗过程中促性腺激素使用剂量、促排时间、获卵数、可用胚胎数及新鲜胚胎移植妊娠结局。采用多元线性回归分析中心性肥胖对促排周期获得可用胚胎数的影响,多因素logistic回归分析影响患者新鲜胚胎移植能否获得活产的相关因素。应用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线绘制各组单个取卵周期累积活产率。结果与正常BMI非中心性肥胖组相比,肥胖中心性肥胖组促性腺激素使用剂量增加,获卵数和可用胚胎数减少,新鲜胚胎移植后活产率下降,妊娠丢失率增加,单个取卵周期累积活产率下降,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析提示WHR≥0.85显著降低患者促排周期获得的可用胚胎数。不论BMI是否提示肥胖,WHR≥0.85的中心性肥胖女性,其单个取卵周期累积活产率较正常BMI非中心性肥胖组女性下降(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析发现腰围的增加会使新鲜胚胎移植后活产率降低(OR=0.978,95%CI:0.963~0.992,P=0.003)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示随着胚胎移植周期数增多,4组患者单个取卵周期累积活产率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中心性肥胖对女性体外受精-胚胎移植的妊娠结局造成不良影响。

马术骑手髋腰部慢性损伤的影像学和生物力学分析

目的 通过分析专业马术骑手腰椎及髋关节影像学和表面肌电信息,了解马术骑手髋部和腰部慢性疾病发病率,探究骑手慢性疼痛的发病原因。方法 选取25名上海市马术运动管理中心马术骑手,按照病史分为慢性腰部疼痛组和慢性髋部疼痛组。同时选取12名无髋腰部疼痛普通人作为对照组,收集受试者髋腰部相关病史资料和髋腰部X线、磁共振成像及核心肌群表面肌电数据。结果 慢性腰痛者腰椎JOA评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。骑手慢性髋关节疼痛相对较轻,但Harris评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。马术骑手腰部JOA评分与Pfirrmann分级明显相关。而髋部疼痛视觉模拟评分和Harris评分与影像学参数无明显相关性。腹直肌、竖脊肌、股直肌、臀中肌和多裂肌在骑坐姿势的均方根振幅大于正常坐位(P<0.05)。结论 马术骑手的慢性腰部疼痛发病原因主要可能与软组织过度劳损和腰椎退变相关;腰-髋矢状位序列骨盆倾斜角和骶骨倾斜角的变化可以反映马术骑手腰部僵硬程度。

线上产后康复促进项目活动方案的设计及实施

目的探讨线上产后康复促进项目活动方案对产妇产后母乳喂养、形体恢复的效果。方法以便利抽样法抽取符合纳入及排除标准的产妇70例,将产妇随机分为产康组与对照组各35例。对照组实施常规产褥期护理及随访,产康组按照线上产后康复促进项目活动方案实施护理干预。产后6个月比较两组纯母乳喂养率、婴儿体格发育情况、产妇盆底肌肌力及形体恢复情况。结果产后6个月,纯母乳喂养率对照组为42.86%,产康组为88.57%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。产康组产妇臀围、腰围显著小于对照组,而盆底肌肌力评分显著高于对照组(均P<0.05)。两组婴儿身长及体质量差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论对产妇实施线上产后康复促进项目,可提升产妇纯母乳喂养率,促进产后形体恢复、改善盆底肌肌力。

老年高血压人群腰围身高比与新发脑梗死的关系

目的研究腰围身高比(WHtR)与老年人新发脑梗死的相关性。方法纳入开滦地区研究人群9096例老年高血压患者,以首次发生脑梗死为终点事件,采取前瞻性队列研究方法进行研究,依据观察对象WHtR值以0.05为间距等距分为四组,分别为G1组(WHtR<0.45)、G2组(0.45≤WHtR<0.50)、G3组(0.50≤WHtR<0.55)及G4组(WHtR≥0.55),用寿命表方法统计各人群的累积终点事件发生率,采用Cox比例风险分析方法,探讨WHtR在新发脑梗死中的作用。模型一为单一因子Cox比例风险分析模式,只考察WHtR对脑梗死发生风险的作用;在此基础上,模型二为校正性别、年龄、体重及血清超敏C反应蛋白、收缩压、血清甘油三酯、抽烟史、血清空腹血糖、饮酒情况、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、舒张压、体育运动、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、文化程度、服降压药史后观察WHtR对新发脑梗死的作用。结果随访时间为(9.3±2.7)年,期间共新发脑梗死848例。以G2组为对照,单因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析显示G1组、G3组和G4各组发生脑梗死的HR(95%CI)分别为1.00(0.67~1.50)、1.29(1.05~1.60)、1.36(1.12~1.66);多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析显示G1组、G3组和G4各组发生脑梗死的HR(95%CI)分别为1.09(0.72~1.65)、1.24(0.99~1.54)、1.31(1.05~1.62)。结论老年高血压人群当0.45≤WHtR<0.50时脑卒中发病风险最低,WHtR≥0.55与新发脑梗死风险增加相关。

甘油三酯葡萄糖指数联合肥胖指标与糖尿病视网膜病变的相关性

目的本研究旨在探讨甘油三酯葡萄糖指数(triglycerides-glucose index,TyG)及TyG联合肥胖指标与2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的相关性。分析TyG指数及TyG联合肥胖指标对DR的预测价值。方法本研究为回顾性研究,依据纳入标准以及排除标准,共收集了2018年9月至2021年5月于河北省人民医院内分泌科住院治疗的373名T2DM患者资料,依据是否合并DR,将其分为T2DM未合并DR组及合并DR组。收集患者临床资料,计算指标TyG、甘油三酯葡萄糖-腰围指数(triglyceride-glucose-waist circumference index,TyG-WC)、甘油三酯葡萄糖-体重指数(triglyceride-glucose-body mass index,TyG-BMI)、甘油三酯葡萄糖-腰臀比指数(tyG-waist-to-hip ratio,TyG-WHR)、甘油三酯葡萄糖-腰围身高比指数(tyG-waist-to-height ratio,TyG-WHtR)。采用二元Logistic回归分析其危险因素,绘制ROC曲线来评估TyG、TyG-WC、TyG-BMI、TyG-WHR、TyG-WHtR对DR的预测价值。结果①T2DM合并DR组的年龄、糖尿病病程、腰围、WHR、WHtR、甘油三酯、肌酐、尿素氮、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、TyG、TyG-WC、TyG-BMI、TyG-WHR、TyG-WHtR均高于未合并DR组,肾小球滤过率低于未合并DR组。②DR与年龄、糖尿病病程、腰围、WHR、WHtR、甘油三酯、肌酐、尿素氮、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、TyG、TyG-WC、TyG-BMI、TyG-WHR、TyG-WHtR呈正相关,与肾小球滤过率呈负相关。③TyG、TyG-WC、TyG-BMI、TyG-WHR、TyG-WHtR均是DR的独立危险因素。④ROC分析显示,TyG、TyG-WC、TyG-BMI、TyG-WHR、TyG-WHtR均对DR有预测价值,且TyG-WHR的AUC(0.623)最大。结论TyG-WHR与DR密切相关,有望成为早期识别DR风险的一种新的临床有效标志物。

广西京族老年人的肥胖与超重现状

采用随机取样方法调查了226例京族老年人(男性99例,女性127例)的15项体质指标,研究京族老年人的肥胖与超重情况.结果表明:京族老年男性和女性的体质量、身高、瘦体质量、基础代谢率、身体水分和体表面积均与年龄呈负相关,且60-岁组的指标值最大.按照BMI分型,京族老年男性的超重率为38.4%,肥胖率为16.2%,老年女性的超重率为44.1%,肥胖率为18.1%.按照PBF分型,京族老年男性和女性的肥胖率分别为23.2%和49.6%.按照腰围分型,京族老年男性的中心型肥胖前期率为22.2%,中心型肥胖率为28.3%,老年女性的中心型肥胖前期率为23.6%,中心型肥胖率为37.0%.按照腰臀比分型,京族老年男性和女性的中心型肥胖率分别为51.5%和91.3%.京族老年人的肥胖率较高,应该引起足够重视.京族老年人的肥胖和超重是遗传、行为和环境多因素共同作用的结果.

腰臀比对腰椎退行性疾病术后疗效的影响

目的:探讨腰臀比对腰椎退行性疾病术后疗效的影响。方法:回顾性分析1220例腰椎退行性疾病患者的病例资料,其中低腰臀比组102例(男性腰臀比<0.85,女性腰臀比<0.75)、正常腰臀比组705例(男性腰臀比为0.85~0.9,女性腰臀比为0.75~0.8)、高腰臀比组413例(男性腰臀比>0.9,女性腰臀比>0.8)。比较3组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后1年Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)及腰背部、臀部、腿部、足部疼痛数字评分。结果:(1)一般结果。3组患者的手术时间、术中出血量比较,组间差异均有统计学意义[(118.8±25.6)min,(125.5±18.8)min,(139.3±26.6)min,F=11.238,P=0.001;(125.4±20.6)mL,(140.9±28.6)mL,(188.2±31.6)mL,F=14.262,P=0.035]。高腰臀比组患者手术时间长于正常腰臀比组和低腰臀比组(P=0.001,P=0.001),术中出血量多于正常腰臀比组和低腰臀比组(P=0.001,P=0.001);正常腰臀比组患者的手术时间、术中出血量和低腰臀比组比较,组间差异均无统计学意义(P=0.136,P=0.117)。(2)术后1年疼痛数字评分。3组患者术后1年腰背部、臀部、腿部疼痛数字评分比较,组间差异均有统计学意义[(2.60±0.96)分,(2.17±0.84)分,(3.27±1.10)分,F=17.901,P=0.036;(1.45±0.52)分,(1.49±0.50)分,(2.78±0.85)分,F=54.421,P=0.001;(2.09±0.70)分,(2.13±0.98)分,(2.80±1.16)分,F=6.239,P=0.003];足部疼痛数字评分比较,差异无统计学意义[(1.55±0.52)分,(1.39±0.49)分,(1.29±0.46)分,F=1.731,P=0.182]。高腰臀比组患者术后1年腰背部、臀部、腿部疼痛数字评分均高于低腰臀比组和正常腰臀比组(P=0.045,P=0.001;P=0.047,P=0.003;P=0.029,P=0.001),正常腰臀比组患者术后1年腰背部、臀部、腿部疼痛数字评分和低腰臀比组比较,组间差异均无统计学意义(P=0.176,P=0.291,P=0.716)。(3)术后1年ODI。3组患者术后1年ODI比较,差异有统计学意义[(19.40±6.52)%,(12.59±6.81)%,(24.28±9.83)%,F=30.502,P=0.001]。高腰臀比组患者术后1年ODI高于正常腰臀比组和低腰臀比组(P=0.001,P=0.042),低腰臀比组患者术后1年ODI高于正常腰臀比组(P=0.019)。结论:高腰臀比会增加腰椎退行性疾病患者的手术时间和术中出血量,影响患者术后疼痛缓解和腰椎功能恢复。

上海老年体检者体质量指数与血压、血脂、腰臀比及血红蛋白的关系

目的探讨老年人体质量指数(BMI)与血压(BP)、血脂、腰臀比(WHR)及血红蛋白(Hb)的关系。方法以2023年2月至2023年10月上海市宝山区某社区10978名≥65岁老年体检者为研究对象,测量身高、体质量、腰围(WC)、臀围(HC)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、Hb,计算BMI、WHR。根据中国BMI参考标准将老年人分为消瘦组(<18.5 kg/m^(2),n=310)、正常体质量组(18.5 kg/m^(2)≤BMI<24 kg/m^(2),n=4692)、超重组(24 kg/m^(2)≤BMI<28 kg/m^(2),n=4615)和肥胖组(≥28 kg/m^(2),n=1361),比较4组BP、血脂、WHR、Hb水平并进行相关性分析。结果老年男性受检者BMI、WC、HC、WHR、SBP、DBP、Hb水平均高于老年女性(均P<0.01),TC、HDL、LDL水平均低于老年女性(均P<0.01)。4组的SBP、DBP、TC、HDL、LDL、WHR、Hb差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),且BMI与SBP、DBP、TC、LDL、WHR、Hb均正相关(r=0.109、0.064、0.041、0.042、0.108、0.089,均P<0.01),与HDL负相关(r=﹣0.106,P<0.01)。正常体质量组老年男性的BMI高于老年女性,肥胖组老年女性的BMI高于老年男性(均P<0.01)。正常体质量组年龄<75岁老年人的BMI高于年龄≥75岁老年人(P<0.05)。结论BMI与老年人健康关系密切,维持理想的BMI是老年人进行健康管理及预防慢性疾病的基础。

基于空间向量模长的青年女性腰腹臀部形态分类与判别

为实现女体三维曲面的分类与判别,提高裤装的合体性,提出一种基于空间向量模长表征腰腹臀部形态并进行体型分类的方法。获取323名18~25岁青年女性的三维点云数据,提取腰腹臀部10层横截面曲线,以臀围质心为原点重建点云坐标系,通过欧式距离计算130个特征点的空间向量模长,构建表征人体曲面形态的模长矩阵。引入拉普拉斯特征映射降维获取18个本征维度,采用K-means聚类,运用随机森林算法建立青年女性腰腹臀部形态的判别模型。结果表明,青年女性腰腹臀部可分为大众型、扁平型、腹凸型、臀凸型4类,分别占样本总数的58.82%、27.86%、8.36%和4.95%。分析获得4类体型对应的裤装样板差异,有效提高了裤装合体性,青年女性腰腹臀部形态判别准确率达96.92%。

肥胖与白内障的因果关系:一项孟德尔随机化研究

目的 使用两样本孟德尔随机化(MR)方法探索肥胖指标(体质量指数、腰围、髋围)与白内障是否存在因果关联。方法 使用IEU Open GWAS数据库体质量指数、腰围、髋围和白内障全基因组关联研究的汇总统计数据,使用单核苷酸多态性(SNP)作为因果推断的工具变量,进行两样本MR分析。采用逆方差加权法(IVW)评估体质量指数、腰围、髋围与白内障的是否存在因果关联,同时采用MR-Egger回归法、加权中位数法(WME)、异质性检验及敏感性分析对结果进行补充分析。结果 (1)筛选结果:暴露因素中,体质量指数共筛选出458个SNP,腰围共筛选出374个SNP,髋围共筛选出398个SNP;结局因素白内障筛选出459个SNP。(2)体质量指数:体质量指数是白内障发生的强相关因素,有统计学意义[OR=1.189,95%CI(1.135,1.247),F=52.452,P=0.000]。MR-Egger回归法显示不存在水平多效性(P>0.05),且体质量指数与白内障散点图斜率为正,表明二者存在因果关系。(3)腰围:腰围是白内障发生的强相关因素,有统计学意义[OR=1.221,95%CI(1.145,1.303),F=36.776,P=0.000]。MR-Egger回归法显示不存在水平多效性(P>0.05),且腰围与白内障存在因果关系散点图斜率为正,表明二者存在因果关系。(4)髋围:髋围是白内障发生的强相关因素,有统计学意义[OR=1.119,95%CI(1.061,1.180),F=16.850,P=0.000]。MR-Egger回归法显示不存在水平多效性(P>0.05),且髋围与白内障存在因果关系散点图斜率为正,表明二者存在因果关系。结论 体质量指数、腰围、髋围均与白内障的发生存在因果关系。其中,体质量指数的增高对白内障发生的影响更为明显。

初次单侧全髋关节置换后骨盆倾斜转归的因素分析

背景:骨盆倾斜多见于髋关节疾病,也是全髋关节置换后常见的功能问题。目的:探讨股骨头坏死患者单侧全髋关节置换后骨盆倾斜的发生机制与恢复情况。方法:回顾性收集2021年6月至2023年2月广州中医药大学第一附属医院骨伤中心股骨头坏死科收治的100例股骨头坏死且接受单侧全髋关节置换患者的临床资料,根据术后3 d时骨盆倾斜严重程度分为3组,A组(<2°)48例,B组(2°-3°)34例,C组(>3°)18例。统计并比较3组患者术前、术后骨盆冠状面倾斜角度、双侧臀中肌长度、股骨头旋转中心高度以及双侧臀中肌长度差值、股骨头旋转中心高度差值、骨盆倾斜角度变化比值。采用皮尔逊相关系数检验术后骨盆倾斜角度与其他指标的相关性。结果与结论:①术后短期内发生骨盆倾斜加重;②术后3 d至术后1个月时段骨盆倾斜角度变化比值组间存在差异,C组>B组>A组;术后1-3个月时段C组与其他各组存在差异,C组变化比值最小;术后3 d至术后3个月时段组间变化比值无差异;③双侧臀中肌差值术后逐渐减小,术后3个月时双侧臀中肌比较无差异;④术后双侧旋转中心差值增大,术后3个月时双侧高度差值小于术前;⑤术后3 d时骨盆倾斜角度、病程与术后3个月骨盆倾斜角度呈显著相关性(均P=0.000),术前双侧臀中肌差值与术后3 d时骨盆倾斜角度呈显著相关性(P=0.006);⑥提示股骨头坏死患者全髋关节置换后发生功能性骨盆倾斜;术后骨盆倾斜的矫正是基于术后功能性骨盆倾斜角度的适应性恢复;功能性骨盆倾斜的产生是以术后短期骨性结构重建、软组织积累性损害存续为基础的机体代偿适应。

基于压力迭代算法的腰臀部特征截面有限元模型构建

为实现从着紧身裤腰臀部特征截面反算未着装腰臀部特征截面,采用三维扫描仪获取30名女体腰臀部数据,提取腰臀部特征截面,搭建基于有限元方法的压力迭代算法,拟合非均匀服装压和位移矢量,从而构建腰臀部特征截面的输出响应回归模型。研究表明,压力模型拟合优度均值为89.73%,位移矢量拟合优度均值达到85.21%,反算得到的未着装特征截面,与实际未着装特征截面的形状相似度平均为85.28%,标准差为4.99%。研究可为三维测量得到真实人体形态提供参考。