Research on a quantificational method for chromatic-light emotions of architectural wall coatings in landscape illumination

Research on quantificational methods for chromatic-light emotion is an effective way of finding out the laws of light cognitive impact and the solution to the problem on application of light color in landscape lighting.This paper took chromatic-light-induced-emotion towards architectural wall coatings in landscape as the research object.The methods in use were real-state simulation and laboratory quantitative study.Consequently,the study successfully extracted light emotional factors and the rule of predictability to assist landscape light professionals.

Preparation of Styrene-acrylate Latex Used in Ultralow VOC Building Internal Wall Coating

Styrene-acrylate latex with high glass transition temperature （T）, low minimum film forming temperature（MFT） and good stability was prepared via core-shell emulsion polymerization. With semicontinuous process, high conversion rate of monomer and low gel rate were achieved. The weight ratio of core monomer to shell monomer was approximately 1.35. It is found that many factors such as emulsifiers, initiators, reaction temperature, pH value and polymerization technology have influences on the permormance of styrene-acrylate latex. The prepared latex was characterized by TEM and FTIR. The obtained latex with T of 20.57 ℃, MFT or5.0 ℃, and good stability, had good stability of film forming.

Modelling of a tubular solid oxide fuel cell with different designs of indirect internal reformer

The cell performance and temperature gradient of a tubular solid oxide fuel cell with indirect internal reformer （IIR-SOFC） fuelled by natural gas, containing a typical catalytic packed-bed reformer, a catalytic coated wall reformer, a catalytic annular reformer, and a novel catalytic annular-coated wall reformer were investigated with an aim to determine the most efficient internal reformer system. Among the four reformer designs, IIR-SOFC containing an annular-coated wall reformer exhibited the highest performance in terms of cell power density （0.67 W.cm 2） and electrical efficiency （68%） with an acceptable temperature gradient and a moderate pressure drop across the reformer （3.53 × 10 5 kPa）. IIR-SOFC with an annular-coated wall reformer was then studied over a range of operating conditions： inlet fuel temperature, operating pressure, steam to carbon （S ： C） ratio, gas flow pattern （co-flow and counter-flow pattern）, and natural gas compositions. The simulation results showed that the temperature gradient across the reformer could not be decreased using a lower fuel inlet temperature （1223 K-1173 K） and both the power density and electrical efficiency of the cell also decreased by lowering fuel inlet temperature. Operating in higher pressure mode （1-10 bar） improved the temperature gradient and cell performance. Increasing the S ： C ratio from 2 ： 1 to 4：1 could decrease the temperature drop across the reformer but also decrease the cell performance. The average temperature gradient was higher and smoother in IIR-SOFC under a co-flow pattern than that under a counter-flow pattern, leading to lower overpotential and higher cell performance. Natural gas compositions significantly affected the cell performance and temperature gradient. Natural gas containing lower methane content provided smoother temperature gradient in the system but showed lower power density and electrical efficiency.