Modification of constitutive model and evolution of activation energy on 2219 aluminum alloy during warm deformation process

To investigate the flow behavior of 2219 Al alloy during warm deformation, the thermal compression test was conducted in the temperature range of 483-573 K and the strain rate range of 0.001-5 s^-1 on a Gleeble-3500 thermomechanical simulation unit. The true stress-true strain curves obtained showed that the flow stress increased with the decrease in temperature and/or the increase in strain rate and the softening mechanism primarily proceeded via dynamic recovery. The modification on the conventional Arrhenius-type constitutive model approach was made, the material variables and activation energy were determined to be dependent on the deformation parameters. The modified flow stresses were found to be in close agreement with the experimental values. Furthermore, the activation energy obtained under different deformation conditions showed that it decreased with the rise in temperature and/or strain rate, and was also affected by the coupled effect of strain and strain rate.

Mathematical model of deformation resistance of 30 MnSi V steel

Based on 30MnSiV steel, the deformation resistance was studied by using Gleeble 1500 thermomechanical simulator. The mathematical model of the deformation resistance is established by analyzing the relationship of the deformation temperature, deformation rate and deformation resistance. The regression equation is highly noticeable by means of regression analysis. The mathematical model corresponds to test data by means of the contrast.

HOT DUCTILITY OF 304HC STAINLESS STEEL AND THE MODEL OF RESISTANCE TO DEFORMATION

The ductility map of 304HC stainless was determined by using the Gleeble-1500 dynamic thermal-mechanical simulator. The effect of Cu on the hot ductility of 304HC stainless steel was analyzed and the mathematical model of resistance to deformation was established. The microstructure, inclusion and fracture surface were studied by using the method of micro structure analysis, scanning, energy spectrum and electron microscope. The results show that Cu has effect on the hot ductility, and the hot ductility of 304HC stainless steel decrease with the increase of content of Cu. The deformation temperature also has much effect on the hot ductility, the suitable deformation temperature are 1100-1200℃. The reason of it is that the Cu rich chemical compounds were precipitated from austenite phase during cooling. The Cu rich chemical compounds are brittle substance such as Cu2S, Cu2O and ε-Cu etc.

Warm Deformation Behavior of Steels Containing Carbon of 0.45% to 1.26% With Martensite Starting Structure

Warm deformation was investigated for steels containing carbon of 0. 45%,0. 79%, and 1. 26% respeetively with martensite starting structure, using Gleeble 3500 thermomechanical simulator at the temperature ranging from 873 K to 973 K and the strain rate ranging from 0.1 s^-1 to 0. 001 s^-1. The effect of carbon content on the deformation activation energy, Z value and the deformation resistance was analyzed, The results showed that the deformation resistance decreased with increasing carbon content. The peak stress of the steel containing earbon of 1.26% was decreased by 16.2% compared to the steel containing carbon of 0.45% under the same condition. This may be attributed to the weakening effect of solid solution strengthening which outweighs the precipitation strengthening of cementite.

Two-Dimensional Mathematical Model of Tidal Current and Sediment for Oujiang Estuary and Wenzhou Bay

A 2-D mathematical model of tidal current and sediment has been developed for the Oujiang Estuary and the Wenzhou Bay. This model accomodates complicated features including multiple islands, existence of turbidity, and significant differ-ence in size distribution of bed material. The governing equations for non-uniform suspended load and bed load transport are presented in a boundary-fitted orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system. The numerical solution procedures along with their initial conditions, boundary conditions, and movable boundary technique are presented. Strategies for computation of the critical condition of deposition or erosion, sediment transport capacity, non-uniform bed load discharge, etc. are suggested. The model verification computation shows that, the tidal levels computed from the model are in good agreement with the field data at the 18 tidal gauge stations. The computed velocities and flow directions also agree well with the values measured along the totally 52 synchronously observed verticals distributed over 8 cross sections. The coraputed tidal water throughputs through the Huangda'ao cross section are close to the measured data. And the computed values of bed deformation from Yangfushan to the estuary outfall and in the outer-sea area are in good agreement with the data observed from 1986 to 1992. The changes of tidal volumes through the estuary, velocities in different channels and the bed form due to the influence of the reclamation project on the Wenzhou shoal are predicted by means of this model.

Fracture Behavior and Processing Deformation of C71500 Cupronickel Alloy during Hot Tensile Deformation

The hot tensile deformation properties and microstructure evolution of high purity C71500 cupronickel alloy at 1023-1273 K and 0.0001-0.1 s^(-1)strain rates were studied by uniaxial hot tensile deformation method.Based on the experimental data,the flow behavior,microstructure and fracture characteristics of the alloy were analyzed after considering the influence of different deformation parameters.The relationship between microstructure and high temperature(T≥1023 K)plasticity is discussed,and the fracture mechanism is revealed.The relationship between strain rate sensitivity coefficient and stress index and plastic deformation is discussed.The constitutive equation of the alloy is established by Johnson-Cook model.Based on the dynamic material model,the energy dissipation model is established,and Prasad’s instability criterion based on Ziegler’s expected rheological theory is used to predict the unstable region in the processing map.Processing map in hot tensile is analyzed to provide theoretical basis for different processing technology.

Three-dimensional geodetic deformation surveying for Naner area in Daqing oilfield

Geodetic deformation severely affects the development of the oilfield and probably causes casing damage or abandonment of injection wells and producers. Therefore, it is meaningful to survey and study three-dimensional geodetic deformation in the process of the oilfield development. In order to study this issue, 11-year long term surveying of three-dimensional geodetic deformation has been carried out while developing Naner area in Daqing oilfield. Basic rules of 3-D geodetic deformation have been obtained through surveying. Results show that production and injection under high pressure may cause the changes of surface elevation, and geodetic deformation correlates with simultaneous formation pressure. Precautions and relative technological measurements have been put forward in the waterflood development in Naner region and provide theoretical guidelines for the production and casing preservation of the oilfield. Finally, surveying results are interpreted by porous elastic theory. Mathematical model to calculate 3-D geodetic deformation is put forward in the course of the oilfield development.

To deformation vector special solution in mining subsidence and ground and rock movements

The paper presents some specific procedures in modelling a deformation vector at deformation investigation of various engineering structures, buildings or terrain surfaces which are exposed by abiotik factors, for example by underground mining activities or recent geotectonic movements. A specific problem in deformation measurements is solved, when the same conditions of a monitoring network structure cannot be kept during all periodic observations.

Mathematical modeling of the bellows dispersion system of submunitions

A mathematical model of the bellows dispersion system is developed by combining the interior ballistic theory with structural dynamics theory to describe the deformation course of bellows. By analyzing the physical model of the bellows dispersion system, the dispersion course is divided into three stages. For each stage, mathematical model is built and its terminal conditions are given. The numerical simulation is based on the Runge-Kutta method and differential quadrature method. Simulation results of the model agree with those of the model built by only interior ballistics theory. However, this model is congruous with the actual dispersion course and can more easily determine the dispersion time and submunition displacement.

Predicting the Tensile Curve of Polyester Twisted Ply Yarn under Large Deformation

Considering the changes of ply yarn 's structure parameters during the axial extension,a new model has been proposed for predicting the tensile curve of polyester twisted ply yarn under large deformation without the tensile strength tests.The relationships between the structural parameters and tensile properties under large deformation were considered.The feasibility and accuracy of the model were studied by comparing the predictive results and the experimental ones.The structural parameters in the model were acquired under every strain before rupture.The radial dimension and twist angle of the yarn were obtained by an observation platform and image processing technique.The true modulus of the yarn was obtained indirectly from the tensile data of the single yarn and the mathematical equations.The tensile curves of the yarns at different twist levels for predicting were plotted.The results demonstrated that the predicted curve tendency and the values were quite close to the experimental ones.The model exhibited a good applicability to predict the tensile curves for low and medium twist yarns.

Modeling deformation resistance for hot rolling based on generalized additive model

A model of deformation resistance during hot strip rolling was established based on generalized additive model.Firstly,a data modeling method based on generalized additive model was given.It included the selection of dependent variable and independent variables of the model,the link function of dependent variable and smoothing functional form of each independent variable,estimating process of the link function and smooth functions,and the last model modification.Then,the practical modeling test was carried out based on a large amount of hot rolling process data.An integrated variable was proposed to reflect the effects of different chemical compositions such as carbon,silicon,manganese,nickel,chromium,niobium,etc.The integrated chemical composition,strain,strain rate and rolling temperature were selected as independent variables and the cubic spline as the smooth function for them.The modeling process of deformation resistance was realized by SAS software,and the influence curves of the independent variables on deformation resistance were obtained by local scoring algorithm.Some interesting phenomena were found,for example,there is a critical value of strain rate,and the deformation resistance increases before this value and then decreases.The results confirm that the new model has higher prediction accuracy than traditional ones and is suitable for carbon steel,microalloyed steel,alloyed steel and other steel grades.

Study on Strength and Life of Anisotropic Single Crystal Blade - Part I: Crystallographic Constitutive Models and Applications

The single crystal blade is one of the key technologies for improving the performance, durability and reliability of aero-engines and ground gas-turbine engines. However, the anisotropic mechanical properties of the single crystal material makes a great deal of difficulties on the development and the application of the single crystal blade, which is a challenge for the engineering application of the single crystal superalloy and the theoretic bases of the application. Some researches on the strength analysis and the life prediction of the anisotropic single crystal blade were carried out by the authors' research team. They are as follows. The crystallographic constitutive models for the plastic and the creep behaviors and the method of the rupture life prediction were established and verified. The tensile or the creep experiments for DD3 single crystal alloy with different orientations under different temperatures and different tensile rates or under different temperatures and different stress levels were carried out. The experimental data and the anisotropic properties at intermediate and high temperatures revealed by the experiments are significant for the application of the single crystal alloy. In addition, the experimental research for a kind of single crystal blade was also made. As the application of the researches the strength analysis and the life prediction were carried out for the single crystal blade of a certain aero-engine. In this part, the constitutive models and their applications are described, and the experimental research work will be described in part II.

Modeling hot strip rolling process under framework of generalized additive model

This research develops a new mathematical modeling method by combining industrial big data and process mechanism analysis under the framework of generalized additive models(GAM)to generate a practical model with generalization and precision.Specifically,the proposed modeling method includes the following steps.Firstly,the influence factors are screened using mechanism knowledge and data-mining methods.Secondly,the unary GAM without interactions including cleaning the data,building the sub-models,and verifying the sub-models.Subsequently,the interactions between the various factors are explored,and the binary GAM with interactions is constructed.The relationships among the sub-models are analyzed,and the integrated model is built.Finally,based on the proposed modeling method,two prediction models of mechanical property and deformation resistance for hot-rolled strips are established.Industrial actual data verification demonstrates that the new models have good prediction precision,and the mean absolute percentage errors of tensile strength,yield strength and deformation resistance are 2.54%,3.34%and 6.53%,respectively.And experimental results suggest that the proposed method offers a new approach to industrial process modeling.

2023年12月18日甘肃积石山M_(S)6.2地震前地电阻率异常特征及机理分析

2023年12月18日甘肃积石山县发生了M_(S)6.2破坏性地震,造成了较大的人员伤亡.震前1年左右开始,震中400 km内5个具有稳态观测的地电阻率台站多个测道陆续出现了不同形态的异常变化,其中甘肃武胜驿台、定西台、通渭台(包括地表和井下)和武威台表现为以年变幅减小/快速下降变化为主的负异常,武都台则表现为年变幅增大的正异常.本文基于ERA5同化数据集中不同深度的土壤温度和土壤水分,定量化拟合了不同水热条件下各台站/测道正常年变形态,在此基础上排除了测区环境变化对异常形态影响.结合岩石物理实验结果和断层虚位错模式,讨论了地电阻率异常变化与孕震过程之间的联系.结果显示,存在负异常变化的武胜驿台、定西台、通渭台和武威台位于地震孕育过程产生的挤压增强区,而存在正异常变化的武都台处于相对膨胀区.求解了存在地电阻率异常变化区域GNSS面应变时间序列,结果发现,在地电阻率负异常变化台站附近的变形单元内以面压缩为主,而在正异常变化的武都台附近,变形单元内以面拉张为主.GNSS面应变揭示的介质变形特征与虚位错模式中的挤压增强区和相对膨胀区相吻合,表明了5个台站地电阻率变化与此次积石山M_(S)6.2地震孕育过程之间可能存在“介质变形-地电阻率变化”形式的关联.

压实黄土压缩变形规律及其数学模型

黄土高填方是岩土工程领域的热点问题,其地基稳定与沉降也是填方地区的重点关注问题,而要准确地预测填方区的地基总沉降量或工后沉降量数据,就需要对压实黄土的压缩变形规律进行研究。通过大量室内侧限压缩试验研究高填方地区压实黄土的压缩变形规律,分析不同地区压实黄土在不同条件下的应力-应变曲线,讨论其压缩特性及变化规律,通过复合幂-指数(CPE)模型建立了描述压实黄土侧限条件下应力-应变曲线的表达方法。结果表明:侧限条件下,压实黄土的应变随竖向应力的逐级增加而增加;不同场地、沉积时代压实黄土的压缩变形规律基本相似,施加相同竖向应力时,应变随含水率的降低而减小,随压实度的增加而减小;随着压实度的增加,试样抵抗变形的能力越来越强;而随着含水率的增加,土体抵抗变形的能力被削弱。考虑到含水率与压实度,将不同沉积时代下CPE模型参数进行定量描述,压实黄土在侧限条件下的应力-应变曲线数学模型在吕梁Q3黄土中的应用,说明了该模型的准确性与合理性,为研究压实黄土的压缩变形提供了新思路。

Deformation resistance of Fe-Mn-V-N alloy under different deformation processes

The deformation resistance of Fe-Mn-V-N alloy under different deformation conditions was investigated by hot compression method on thermal simulator. Effects of deformation degree, deformation temperature, and strain rate on deformation resistance were analyzed. The results show that when other conditions are constant, the deformation resistance increases with the increase in deformation degree and strain rate and decreases with the increase in deformation temperature. At the same time, the mathematical model of deformation resistance for Fe-Mn- V-N alloy was established by lstOpt software using the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm carried out on the fitting of regression coefficients, which has higher fitting precision.

CFD-based hull optimization in calm water using adaptive grid deformation method

This paper presents an adaptive grid deformation technique for optimizing ship hull forms using computational fluid dynamics(CFD).The proposed method enables accurate and smooth updates of the hull surface and 3-D CFD grids in response to design variables.This technique incorporates a two-level point-transformation approach to move the grid points by a few design points.Initially,generic B-splines are utilized to transform grid points according to the displacements of the control points within a defined control box.This ensures surface modification accuracy and smoothness,similar to those provided by non-uniform rational B-splines.Subsequently,radial basis functions are used to interpolate the movements of the control points with a limited set of design points.The developed method effectively maintains the mesh quality and simulation efficiency.By applying this method to surface and grid adaptation,a regression model is proposed in the form of a second-order polynomial to represent the relationship between the geometric parameters and design variables.This polynomial is then used to introduce geometric constraints.Furthermore,a radial basis function surrogate model for the calm-water resistance is constructed to approximate the objective function.An enhanced optimization framework is proposed for CFD–based hull optimization and applied to KVLCC2 to validate its feasibility and efficiency.

“有限元-数学模型”融合驱动的地铁下穿既有桥梁变形预测研究

为探究地铁盾构穿越既有桥梁的影响,建立安全有效的变形控制体系,确定更加精准的施工过程变形预测方法。依托乌鲁木齐2号线盾构下穿人民路立交桥工程,采用MIDAS/GTX进行施工过程数值模拟并验证其准确性。通过数值模拟对改变土舱压力、地面预埋袖阀管注浆等方法进行安全控制措施的有效性分析。针对数值模拟+实测数据采用基于小波分析—自适应卡尔曼滤波组合模型进行变形预测,与实测数据及基于实测数据的模型预测值进行对比,探究最佳预测模型。结果表明:数值模拟与实测数据在盾构穿越后各墩台沉降误差及单/双线盾构通过后监测误差均不超过10%,初步验证数值模拟的准确性。利用数值模拟探究土舱压力、地面注浆等方法的有效性,并与实测数据对比进一步验证模型有效性。通过对基于数值模拟+实测数据的小波分析—自适应卡尔曼滤波组合模型预测结果与实测数据及基于实测数据的模型预测结果进行对比分析,发现基于数值模拟+实测数据的组合模型预测结果精度更佳,平均绝对误差与均方误差分别为0.10、0.01 mm,更加接近实测值,为类似工程提供参考。

钼变形抗力的研究

在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上，分析钼的高温变形特征，其变形温度为1100～1400℃，变形速率为1-50s^-1，变形程度为0-0．6，并对钼板进行塑性变形抗力的研究，采用非线性回归方法建立钼板的变形抗力模型。获得了钼板的变形抗力曲线图，对不同的数学模型结构进行回归比较，提出拟合精度高的变形抗力的数学模型，该模型具有较高的精度及良好的数值稳定性。

30 MnSi钢金属塑性变形抗力的数学模型

本文以 30MnSi钢为例 ,利用Gleeble 15 0 0热模拟试验机对金属塑性变形抗力进行试验研究。通过实测不同变形温度、应变速率和变形程度与变形抗力的关系 ,建立了金属塑性变形抗力的数学模型。通过对模型进行回归分析 ,回归方程高度显著 ,把理论计算与试验数据进行对比 。