Parental acceptability of the watchful waiting approach in pediatric acute otitis media

AIM: To determine parental knowledge about acute otitis media(AOM) and its antibiotic therapy, antibiotic resistance and the willingness to comply with the watchful waiting(WW) approach in primary care settings in southern Israel.METHODS: The study was conducted in 3 primary care clinics and the pediatric emergency room of Soroka University Medical Center. Questionnaires(20 questions on education background, previous AOM experience, knowledge on antimicrobial resistance and attitude vs the WW approach) were filled by 600 parents(150 at each centers) of children < 6 years of age.RESULTS: Mothers represented 69% of parents; 2% had an education of < 10 school years, 46% had high-school education and 17% had an academic degree. 69% parents reported previous experience with AOM and 56% thought that antibiotics represent the only treatment for AOM. Knowledge on bacterial resistance to antibiotics was reported by 57% of the parents; 86% parents were willing to accept/probably accept the WW approach for their children. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between parental education and knowledge about bacterial resistance to antibiotics and that previous experience with AOM was significantly associated with reluctance to accept the WW approach. More parents with knowledge on bacterial resistance were willing to accept the WW approach compared with parents without such knowledge. No correlation was found between the education level and willingness to accept the WW approach. CONCLUSION: A significant correlation was found between previous parental education and experience with AOM and the knowledge about antibiotic use, bacterial resistance and acceptance of the WW approach.

The comparison of survival between active surveillance or watchful waiting and focal therapy for low-risk prostate cancer:a real-world study from the SEER database

To reduce treatment-related side effects in low-risk prostate cancer(PCa),both focal therapy and deferred treatments,including active surveillance(AS)and watchful waiting(WW),are worth considering over radical prostatectomy(RP).Therefore,this study aimed to compare long-term survival outcomes between focal therapy and AS/WW.Data were obtained and analyzed from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database.Patients with low-risk PCa who received focal therapy or AS/WW from 2010 to 2016 were included.Focal therapy included cryotherapy and laser ablation.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare overall mortality(OM)and cancer-specific mortality(CSM)between AS/WW and focal therapy,and propensity score matching(PSM)was performed to reduce the influence of bias and unmeasured confounders.A total of 19292 patients with low-risk PCa were included in this study.In multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis,the risk of OM was higher in patients receiving focal therapy than those receiving AS/WW(hazard ratio[HR]=1.35,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.02–1.79,P=0.037),whereas no significant difference was found in CSM(HR=0.98,95%CI:0.23–4.11,P=0.977).After PSM,the OM and CSM of focal therapy and AS/WW showed no significant differences(HR=1.26,95%CI:0.92–1.74,P=0.149;and HR=1.26,95%CI:0.24–6.51,P=0.782,respectively).For patients with low-risk PCa,focal therapy was no match for AS/WW in decreasing OM,suggesting that AS/WW could bring more overall survival benefits.

The comparison of survival between active surveillance or watchful waiting and focal laser ablation in patients with low-risk prostate cancer

Prostate cancer(PCa)is the second-most common cancer among men.Both active surveillance or watchful waiting(AS/WW)and focal laser ablation(FLA)can avoid the complications caused by radical treatment.How to make the choice between these options in clinical practice needs further study.Therefore,this study aims to compare and analyze their effects based on overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)to obtain better long-term benefits.We included patients with low-risk PCa from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database of 2010–2016.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were conducted for OS and CSS in the two groups.To eliminate bias,this study applied a series of sensitivity analyses.Moreover,Kaplan–Meier curves were plotted to obtain survival status.A total of 18841 patients with low-risk PCa were included,with a median of 36-month follow-up.According to the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression,the FLA group presented inferior survival benefits in OS than the AS/WW group(hazard ratio[HR]:2.13,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.37–3.33,P<0.05).After adjusting for confounders,the result persisted(HR:1.69,95%CI:1.02–2.81,P<0.05).According to the results of the sensitivity analysis,the inverse probability of the treatment weighing model indicated the same result in OS.In conclusion,AS/WW and FLA have the advantage of fewer side effects and the benefit of avoiding overtreatment compared with standard treatment.Our study suggested that AS/WW provides more survival benefits for patients with low-risk PCa.More relevant researches and data will be needed for further clarity.

Empathy is Contagious

How much we care about someone else’s pain depends a lot on the people around us.In a series of experiments,Dr.ZHOU Yuqing from the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(IPCAS)and her team found that people’s empathy–their ability to share and understand others’feelings of pain–could be changed by watching how empathetic or uncaring others were(doi:10.1073/pnas.2313073121).The results were published in PNAS on February 21.

OPPO Watch 4 Pro体验报告:方寸之间,开启健康智慧生活

健康、潮流两者兼顾,智能手表正在成为越来越多人的“腕上必备”。OPPO新一代全智能旗舰手表OPPO Watch 4 Pro,在第一代骁龙W5可穿戴平台的加持下,不仅带来了高性能和长续航的非凡体验,更在OPPO坚持多年的健康领域也实现了多项重要升级,为用户带来智能潮流新选择。

Survival in men older than 75 years with low- and intermediate-grade prostate cancer managed with watchful waiting with active surveillance

Objective:Recent studies have reported the underuse of active surveillance or watchful wait-ing for low-risk prostate cancer in the United States.This study examined prostate cancer-specific and all-cause death in elderly patients older than 75 years with low-risk tumors managed with active treatment versus watchful waiting with active surveillance(WWAS).Methods:We performed survival analysis in a cohort of 18,599 men with low-risk tumors(early and localized tumors)who were 75 years or older at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis in the linked Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)-Medicare database(from 1992 to 1998)and who were followed up through December 2003.WWAS was defined as having an-nual screening for prostate-specific antigen and/or digital rectal examination during the follow-up period.The risks of prostate cancer-specific and all-cause death were compared by Cox regression models.The propensity score matching technique was used to address potential selection bias.Results:In patients with well-differentiated(Gleason score 2-4)and localized disease,those managed with WWAS without delayed treatment had higher risk of all-cause death(hazard ratio 1.20,95%confidence interval 1.13-1.28)but a substantially lower risk of prostate cancer-specific death(hazard ratio 0.62,confidence interval 0.51-0.75)than patients undergoing active treatment.Patients managed with WWAS with delayed treatment had comparable mortality outcomes.Sensi-tivity analyses based on propensity score matching yielded similar results.Conclusion:In men older than 75 years with well-differentiated and localized prostate cancer,WWAS without delayed treatment had a lower risk of prostate cancer-specific death and compa-rable all-cause death as compared with active treatment.Those patients in whom treatment was delayed had comparable mortality outcomes.Our results support WWAS as an initial management option for older men with well-differentiated and localized prostate cancer.

Ground level utility of Access, Watch, Reserve classification: Insights from a tertiary care center in North India

BACKGROUND The overuse and misuse of antimicrobials contribute significantly to antimicrobial resistance(AMR),which is a global public health concern.India has particularly high rates of AMR,posing a threat to effective treatment.The World Health Or-ganization(WHO)Access,Watch,Reserve(AWaRe)classification system was introduced to address this issue and guide appropriate antibiotic prescribing.However,there is a lack of studies examining the prescribing patterns of antimi-crobials using the AWaRe classification,especially in North India.Therefore,this study aimed to assess the prescribing patterns of antimicrobials using the WHO AWaRe classification in a tertiary care centre in North India.Ophthalmology,Obstetrics and Gynecology).Metronidazole and ceftriaxone were the most prescribed antibiotics.According to the AWaRe classification,57.61%of antibiotics fell under the Access category,38.27%in Watch,and 4.11%in Reserve.Most Access antibiotics were prescribed within the Medicine department,and the same department also exhibited a higher frequency of Watch antibiotics prescriptions.The questionnaire survey showed that only a third of participants were aware of the AWaRe classification,and there was a lack of knowledge regarding AMR and the potential impact of AWaRe usage.RESULTS The research was carried out in accordance with the methodology presented in Figure 1.A total of n=123 patients were enrolled in this study,with each of them receiving antibiotic prescriptions.The majority of these prescriptions were issued to inpatients(75.4%),and both the Medicine and Surgical departments were equally represented,accounting for 49.6%and 50.4%,respectively.Among the healthcare providers responsible for prescribing antibiotics,72%were Junior Residents,18.7%were Senior Residents,and 9.3%were Consultants.These findings have been summarized in Table 1.The prescriptions included 27 different antibiotics,with metronidazole being the most prescribed(19%)followed by ceftriaxone(17%).The mean number of antibiotics used per patient was 1.84±0.83.The mean duration of antibiotics prescribed was 6.63±3.83 days.The maximum number of antibiotics prescribed per patient was five.According to the AWaRe classification,57.61%of antibiotics fell under the Access,38.27%in Watch,and 4.11%in Reserve categories,suggesting appropriate antibiotic selection according to these criteria.The distribution of antibiotics prescribed according to the WHO AWaRe categories is presented in Figure 2.The difference in prescribing frequencies amongst departments can be noted.Most of the antibiotics prescribed in the Access category were from the Medicine department(75.4%),followed by Surgery(24.6%).For Watch antibiotics,Medicine had a higher proportion(63.4%)compared to Surgery(36.6%).In terms of seniority,Junior Residents prescribed the highest number of antibiotics for both Access and Watch categories in Medicine and Surgery departments.Senior residents and Consultants prescribed a lower number of antibiotics in all categories and departments.Only a few antibiotics were prescribed in the Reserve category,with most prescriptions being from the Medicine department.The study also evaluated the Knowledge and Awareness of Healthcare professionals towards the WHO AWaRe classi-fication through a questionnaire survey.A total of 93 participants responded to the survey.Among them,most parti-cipants were Junior Residents(69.9%),followed by Senior Residents(25.8%)and Faculty(4.3%).When enquired if they knew about the WHO AWaRe classification only 33.3%of the participants responded positively.Of those who were aware of the AWaRe classification,the most common source of information was the internet(31.2%),followed by the antimicrobial policy of their institution(15.1%)as seen in Table 2.The survey results on the knowledge and awareness of AMR among healthcare professionals are also presented in Tables 3 and 4.Out of the 93 participants,68(73.1%)agreed that the emergence of AMR is inevitable,while only 13(14.0%)disagreed that AWaRe usage will result in the inability to treat serious infections.Additionally,58(62.4%)agreed that it will lead to lengthier hospital stays,43(46.2%)agreed that the success of chemotherapy and major surgery will be hampered,and the majority also agreed that its use will lead to increased cost of treatment and increased mortality rates.Regarding the utilization of AWaRe in the hospital summarized in Tables 4 and 5,35.5%of the participants agreed that it should be used,while only 2.2%disagreed.Additionally,34.4%agreed that AWaRe reduces adverse effects of inappro-priate prescription.However,37.6%of the participants considered that AWaRe threatens a clinician's autonomy and 30.1%thought that its use can delay treatment.Additionally,the DDD of each drug was also evaluated.The usage of various antimicrobial drugs in a hospital setting,along with their daily doses and DDD according to the WHO's Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system was calculated.Some of the important findings include high usage rates of ceftriaxone and metronidazole,and relatively low usage rates of drugs like colistin and clindamycin.Additionally,some drugs had wider ranges than others.Comparison of WHO defined DDD with Daily Drug dose(Mean)in the studied prescriptions is represented in the Clustered Bar chart in Figure 3.Finally,the Mean Daily Drug Dose for prescribed drugs was compared with WHO defined DDD for each drug using a Student’s T test.The mean daily drug dose of amoxy/clav was significantly higher than the WHO DDD(1.8 vs 1.50,P=0.014),while the mean daily drug dose of metronidazole and doxycycline were significantly lower than the WHO DDD(P<0.001 and P=0.008,respectively).The mean daily drug dose of piperacillin/tazobactam,amikacin,clindamycin,and levofloxacin did not show significant differences compared to the WHO DDD(P>0.05).CONCLUSION This research indicates an appropriate proportion of prescriptions falling under the Access category(57.61%),suggesting appropriate antibiotic selection,a significant proportion also belongs to the Watch category(38.27%),emphasizing the need for greater caution to prevent the escalation of AMR.There is a moderate level of awareness among healthcare professionals about AMR and the steps being taken to tackle it,highlighting the gap in implementation of policies and need for more steps to be taken in spreading the knowledge about the subject.However,there is a significant difference between the WHO DDD and the prescribed daily dose in the analysed prescriptions suggesting overuse and underuse of antibiotics.

智能手表的用户自我呈现研究——以Apple Watch 为例

目的:移动社交媒体的发展对大众具有潜移默化的影响,文章以社交媒体平台小红书用户自我呈现为切入口,旨在以更广阔的视角思考,在万物皆媒时代,媒介是如何影响受众自我呈现的。方法:文章采用定量分析法,通过大量阅读文献并结合小红书等社交媒体上的用户数据进行数据分析,选取具有购买智能手表经历且经常使用小红书的年满18岁的用户群体作为研究对象,主要考察其购入电子手表前和购入后的心理状态和行为表现,探析在媒介可供性视角下智能手表用户是如何进行自我呈现的。结果:在每个阶段,消费者会考虑不同的因素和因素权重,具体来说会受到自身需求与欲望的驱使,包括基本生存需要、社交需要、个人满足感等。社交平台的互动分享会影响他们对产品或服务的需求程度和购买决策。结论:自我呈现是社会交往中最基本的组成部分。移动社交媒体时代,各式智能设备拓展了人们社会交往的表达策略和手段,用户可以通过多种方式进行自我表达与自我呈现。对不同品牌电子手表的选择,在某种程度上反映了用户的心理状态和个人特点,具有一定的标签性。

2018-2022年我国材料科学领域论文撤稿情况分析与思考

研究我国材料科学领域论文撤稿情况,为防范学术不端行为提供参考。基于Retraction Watch数据库,文章统计分析了2018-2022年我国材料科学领域论文的撤稿情况,包括撤稿论文的作者、撤稿论文所属期刊以及合作出版商、撤稿论文被引频次、撤稿周期以及撤稿原因等。从科研工作者、学术期刊以及科研管理部门(科研所属机构)等三方面提出思考与建议,包括:加强对科研工作者的科研诚信教育,树立科研工作者是科研诚信第一责任人的观念;学术期刊在出版工作中优化论文审查,严格把控同行评议质量,并加强与出版商的沟通与交流;相关部门完善科研诚信监管体系等。

宝格丽 震撼新作 亮相日内瓦

“BVLGARI宝格丽以与生俱来的传承与创新并存的双重特质为指引,搭配不同材质、配色与造型元素,辅以悠远传承的珍贵技艺,创造出腕表世界的全新内涵。”2023日内瓦钟表日(Geneva Watch Day)上,BVLGARI宝格丽为客户、钟表鉴赏家及爱好者们臻呈包括珠宝腕表在内的多款时计佳作,延续了宝格丽作为意大利珠宝世家与时计制造商的深厚传承和崇高声誉,更诉说着品牌对时计创作的无尽热忱。

2023年腕表新作抢鲜报导

2023年,随着全球疫情的缓解以及各国防疫政策的转变,钟表行业也再度活跃起来,3月底,全球瞩目的Watches&Wonders Geneva钟表与奇迹日内瓦沙龙也将揭幕,腕表的东风再度拂过瑞士大地。今年开年的第一大戏就是两度线上发布的LVMH钟表周再度恢复,引人关注的是,今年的第一场腕表大秀LVMH钟表周,并未在瑞士本土举行,而是将会场搬到了东南亚重要的国际都会狮城新加坡。随后两三个月间,各个腕表品牌纷纷发力,让我们再度看到一个欣欣向荣的腕表市场。在WWG之前,众多腕表品牌都为我们带来了哪些好戏,让我们一点一点揭示。

The Framer Of Time

An inaccurate watch is wrong every second,but it can still be put to good use.People stop their watches to mark major moments.A bereaved husband stopped his watch,a present from his wife’s parents,at the time of his beloved wife’s death.He then had the watch parts reassembled into a“tree of life”connected to the diamond ring he had given his wife as a token of his love.The watch is now an art piece and an eternal tribute to their love.

在家看电影还是去电影院?

Do you watch movies at home or in a theater?When you watch them at home,you can wear anything,even your pajamas.You can watch many movies oneafteranother.Youcanalsotalkwhile you watch.You can't do that in a theater.

三星智能手表心律不齐通知功能上线,已获FDA批准

三星健康监测应用上的心律不齐通知功能于今年夏天开始在13个国家和地区推出。据介绍,用户在三星健康监测应用中激活该功能后,系统将通过Galaxy Watch的生物活性传感器在后台检查异常心律。如果连续检测到多次异常,G a l a x y Watch将警告用户可能存在心房颤动(AFib),并提示他们使用手表进行更准确的心电图(ECG)测量。

BVLGARI 以臻美时计 支持Only Watch 2023慈善拍卖

2005年创立的Only Watch慈善拍卖每两年举办一次,专为杜氏肌肉营养不良症(Duchenne Musaular Dystrophy)的研究筹集资金。每届拍卖会中,各大钟表品牌都会捐赠出一枚精心设计的孤品佳作,也让每一届Only Watch成为钟表世界令人瞩目的焦点。Only Watch 2023慈善拍卖会预计将于今年11月在日内瓦Palexpo会展中心盛大举行,值此之际,BVLGARI宝格丽将运用大理石材质精心打造一款堪称艺术臻品的Octo Finissimo陀飞轮大理石腕表。

多臂井径测井检测套损及其评价方法

套管损坏主要分为套管变形、破损和密封性破坏3类。多臂井径测井仪主要用于测量套管内径变化,提供套管变径、壁厚、套管外径变化、椭圆变形及等效破坏载荷等评价资料。根据多臂井径测井套损检测评价标准,已在WATCH平台开发出相对应的评价软件,可进行2～80臂井径测井套损检测评价,给出多种直观图,满足大多数生产井套管维修和工程地质应用的需要。

放射性同位素示踪注水剖面污染校正研究

同位素示踪注水剖面测井的理论基础是同位素示踪测量技术。测井实践表明,同位素示踪污染广泛存在。同位素污染校正是改善和提高注水剖面测井解释成果的重要技术,研究各种井况下污染类型识别、污染校正系数等是保证污染校正准确的基础。研究表明,目前各油田普遍使用的常规经验校正系数,仅对特殊的井况条件适用,必须根据现场实际研究相应的校正方法才能更好满足注水剖面监测需要。WATCH平台提供了完善的注水剖面污染校正技术。

超音速等离子喷涂WC/Co涂层的工艺优化

采用国内新研制的超音速等离子喷涂(S-APS)设备制备WC-12Co涂层,探讨其影响因素。结果表明,喷涂距离和送粉量不变时,粒子平均温度和平均速度随功率增加而增加。功率和送粉量不变时,粒子平均温度和平均速度随喷涂距离的增加而降低。喷涂距离不变时,粒子速度随送粉量的增加呈先增后减的趋势,粒子温度随送粉量的增加而下降,电压对粒子的速度影响较大,粒子速度随电压的增大而增大,电流对粒子温度影响较大,粒子温度随电流的增大而增大。超音速等离子喷涂WC-12Co粉末的最佳工艺参数为:功率56kW(电压140V,电流400A),氩气流量3.8m3/h,氢气流量0.15m3/h,氮气流量0.60m3/h,喷涂距离100mm,送粉量50g/min。

“OT”杂种系百合‘Bay watch’离体再生体系的建立

为建立百合高效的离体再生体系，比较了“OT”杂种系百合‘Bay watch’的鳞片、花器官作为外植体时的不定芽诱导和植株再生能力。综合5种外植体分化再生的结果，选择花丝作为最佳外植体材料，结果表明，最适培养基为MS＋0．5mg·L-1NAA＋0．5mg·L-1 6-BA＋0．2mg·L-1 2，4-D，不定芽诱导率高达88．89％。采用两种方式对组培苗进行继代培养，筛选出了直接诱导小鳞茎的适宜培养基配方为MS＋（0．1—0．5）mg·L-1 NAA＋1．0mg·L-1 6-BA；诱导小鳞片分化不定芽的适宜培养基为MS＋0．2mg·L-1 NAA＋0．005mg·L-1 TDZ；诱导生根过程中．适宜的生根培养基为1／2MS＋0．1mg·L-1 IBA。

固定铝log(Q/K)图解在温泉中的应用

为探讨常规和固定铝log(Q/K)图解法对温泉系统是否有效 ,采用WATCH程序 ,对江西 3个温度较高的温泉 ,即庐山温泉、汤湖温泉和横泾温泉 ,进行了探测性的研究 .采用常规log(Q/K)图解法计算时 ,由于参加计算的 4个水样的铝含量均未检出 ,计算结果显示只有不含铝的矿物玉髓和方解石相交于温度 1 0 0℃附近 ,热储总体上没有达到平衡 .在采用了固定铝log(Q/K)图解法并同时考虑冷水的稀释作用计算后 ,中低温地热系统中常见的蚀变矿物如浊沸石、纤蛇纹石、萤石和玉髓均显示了较好的收敛性 ,收敛的温度大致在 1 0 0～ 1 4 0℃ .并且上述矿物组合可见于某些温泉的深部钻孔中 ,计算结果与实际地质情况相吻合 .结果表明固定铝log(Q/K)