The physically based WEPP （Water Erosion Prediction Project） model was implemented in a small agricultural watershed located in central Belgium, called Ganspoel. The watershed, mainly agricultural and resulting in a...The physically based WEPP （Water Erosion Prediction Project） model was implemented in a small agricultural watershed located in central Belgium, called Ganspoel. The watershed, mainly agricultural and resulting in a smooth topography, covers about 115 ha in a landscape typical of large parts of central Europe. Seventeen runoff, peak flow and sediment yield events, collected during a 2-year monitoring period, were simulated by the model. Even though the runoff volume predictions were well correlated to the corresponding observations, WEPP prediction capability was generally unsatisfactory also when different set-up methods of the soil effective hydraulic conductivity were used. The poor performance achieved for runoff volume and peak flow simulations affected sediment yield predictions. The differences between observed and simulated values for runoff, peak flow and sediment yield events may depend on： i） the great number of small runoff and sediment yield events within the available database with which is associated large natural variation and which in many cases are not well reproduced by WEPP; ii） the lack of model calibration processes; iii） the scarceness of information about some important soil physical and hydrological parameters; iv） the land use heterogeneity and crop schedule complexity of the Ganspoel watershed.展开更多
Soil erosion prediction technology began over 70 years ago when Austin Zingg published a relationship between soil erosion(by water)and land slope and length,followed shortly by a relationship by Dwight Smith that exp...Soil erosion prediction technology began over 70 years ago when Austin Zingg published a relationship between soil erosion(by water)and land slope and length,followed shortly by a relationship by Dwight Smith that expanded this equation to include conservation practices.But,it was nearly 20 years before this work's expansion resulted in the Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE),perhaps the foremost achievement in soil erosion prediction in the last century.The USLE has increased in application and complexity,and its usefulness and limitations have led to the development of additional technologies and new science in soil erosion research and prediction.Main among these new technologies is the Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model,which has helped to overcome many of the shortcomings of the USLE,and increased the scale over which erosion by water can be predicted.Areas of application of erosion prediction include almost all land types:urban,rural,cropland,forests,rangeland,and construction sites.Specialty applications of WEPP include prediction of radioactive material movement with soils at a superfund cleanup site,and near real-time daily estimation of soil erosion for the entire state of Iowa.展开更多
WEPP(Water Soil Loss Equation)作为新一代水蚀预报模型,是指导水土保持措施优化配置、水土资源保护与持续利用的有效工具。近年来,遥感和GIS技术为WEPP快速获取所需资料、处理数据、图像编辑和输出等提供可靠的技术支撑;同时,区域化...WEPP(Water Soil Loss Equation)作为新一代水蚀预报模型,是指导水土保持措施优化配置、水土资源保护与持续利用的有效工具。近年来,遥感和GIS技术为WEPP快速获取所需资料、处理数据、图像编辑和输出等提供可靠的技术支撑;同时,区域化、尺度概念的引入,为WEPP应用于大尺度提供技术保障。为借鉴WEPP模型的优点,促进我国水蚀预报模型的发展,对WEPP模型的最新发展进行了详尽的介绍,并对WEPP应用到我国时可能存在的问题进行了初步分析。展开更多
文摘The physically based WEPP （Water Erosion Prediction Project） model was implemented in a small agricultural watershed located in central Belgium, called Ganspoel. The watershed, mainly agricultural and resulting in a smooth topography, covers about 115 ha in a landscape typical of large parts of central Europe. Seventeen runoff, peak flow and sediment yield events, collected during a 2-year monitoring period, were simulated by the model. Even though the runoff volume predictions were well correlated to the corresponding observations, WEPP prediction capability was generally unsatisfactory also when different set-up methods of the soil effective hydraulic conductivity were used. The poor performance achieved for runoff volume and peak flow simulations affected sediment yield predictions. The differences between observed and simulated values for runoff, peak flow and sediment yield events may depend on： i） the great number of small runoff and sediment yield events within the available database with which is associated large natural variation and which in many cases are not well reproduced by WEPP; ii） the lack of model calibration processes; iii） the scarceness of information about some important soil physical and hydrological parameters; iv） the land use heterogeneity and crop schedule complexity of the Ganspoel watershed.
文摘Soil erosion prediction technology began over 70 years ago when Austin Zingg published a relationship between soil erosion(by water)and land slope and length,followed shortly by a relationship by Dwight Smith that expanded this equation to include conservation practices.But,it was nearly 20 years before this work's expansion resulted in the Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE),perhaps the foremost achievement in soil erosion prediction in the last century.The USLE has increased in application and complexity,and its usefulness and limitations have led to the development of additional technologies and new science in soil erosion research and prediction.Main among these new technologies is the Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model,which has helped to overcome many of the shortcomings of the USLE,and increased the scale over which erosion by water can be predicted.Areas of application of erosion prediction include almost all land types:urban,rural,cropland,forests,rangeland,and construction sites.Specialty applications of WEPP include prediction of radioactive material movement with soils at a superfund cleanup site,and near real-time daily estimation of soil erosion for the entire state of Iowa.
文摘WEPP(Water Soil Loss Equation)作为新一代水蚀预报模型,是指导水土保持措施优化配置、水土资源保护与持续利用的有效工具。近年来,遥感和GIS技术为WEPP快速获取所需资料、处理数据、图像编辑和输出等提供可靠的技术支撑;同时,区域化、尺度概念的引入,为WEPP应用于大尺度提供技术保障。为借鉴WEPP模型的优点,促进我国水蚀预报模型的发展,对WEPP模型的最新发展进行了详尽的介绍,并对WEPP应用到我国时可能存在的问题进行了初步分析。
