In the absorption chamber of a high-energy laser energy meter, water is directly used as an absorbing medium and the interaction of the high-power laser and the water flow can produce a variety of physical phenomena s...In the absorption chamber of a high-energy laser energy meter, water is directly used as an absorbing medium and the interaction of the high-power laser and the water flow can produce a variety of physical phenomena such as phase transitions. The unit difference method is adopted to deduce the phase transition model for water flow irradiated by a high-energy laser. In addition, the model is simulated and verified through experiments. Among them, the experimental verification uses the photographic method, shooting the distribution and the form of the air mass of water flow in different operating conditions, which are compared with the simulation results. The research shows that it is achievable to reduce the intensity of the phase transition by increasing the water flow, reducing the power intensity of the beam, shortening the distance the beam covers, reducing the initial water temperature or adopting a shorter wavelength laser. The study＇s results will provide the reference for the design of a water-direct-absorption-type high-energy laser energy meter as well as an analysis of the interaction processes of other similar high-power lasers and water flow.展开更多
This paper examines the two-phase flow for a horizontal well penetrating a naturally fractured reservoir with edge water injection by means of a fixed streamlinemodel,The mathematical model of the verical two-dimensio...This paper examines the two-phase flow for a horizontal well penetrating a naturally fractured reservoir with edge water injection by means of a fixed streamlinemodel,The mathematical model of the verical two-dimensional flow or oil-water for a horizontal well in a medium with double-porosity is established ,and whose accuratesolutions are obtained by using the characteristic method .The saturation distributionsin the fractured system and the matrix system as well as the formula of the time of water free production are presented .All these results provide a theoretical basis and a computing method for oil displacement by edge water from naturally fracturedreservirs.展开更多
棒材是国内产量占比较大的钢材品种,为了保证棒材质量,需对其实施无损检测。相控阵超声换能器基于惠更斯原理设计,通过电子激发控制实现超声声束的聚焦和偏转。水浸相控阵超声设备扫查效率快、灵敏度高,能够实现棒材全截面扫查,适用于...棒材是国内产量占比较大的钢材品种,为了保证棒材质量,需对其实施无损检测。相控阵超声换能器基于惠更斯原理设计,通过电子激发控制实现超声声束的聚焦和偏转。水浸相控阵超声设备扫查效率快、灵敏度高,能够实现棒材全截面扫查,适用于棒材产品的无损检测。使用相控阵超声设备前要对所有聚焦法则进行均一性校准,保证各聚焦法则的检测灵敏度差异在既定范围内。通过棒材检测实践,验证了水浸相控阵超声设备能够在500 mm/s进给速度下检测出棒材中大于0.7 mm FBH当量的夹杂物。展开更多
研究采用硫酸铵焙烧—水浸工艺提高菱镁矿的利用效率,结合XRD和TG-DTA分析以及对比硫酸铵焙烧MgO的物相变化得到焙烧过程中矿相的转化过程。实验结果表明,在菱镁矿粒度为~74μm、硫酸铵与菱镁矿物料摩尔比为1.6:1、焙烧温度为475℃和焙...研究采用硫酸铵焙烧—水浸工艺提高菱镁矿的利用效率,结合XRD和TG-DTA分析以及对比硫酸铵焙烧MgO的物相变化得到焙烧过程中矿相的转化过程。实验结果表明,在菱镁矿粒度为~74μm、硫酸铵与菱镁矿物料摩尔比为1.6:1、焙烧温度为475℃和焙烧时间为2 h的条件下,镁的提取率达到98.7%。反应中物相转化过程可以概括如下:MgCO_(3)先转变为(NH_(4))_(2)Mg_(2)(SO_(4))_(3),再分解得到MgSO_(4)。反应遵循化学反应和扩散混合控制机理,其表观活化能为33.02 k J/mol。展开更多
文摘In the absorption chamber of a high-energy laser energy meter, water is directly used as an absorbing medium and the interaction of the high-power laser and the water flow can produce a variety of physical phenomena such as phase transitions. The unit difference method is adopted to deduce the phase transition model for water flow irradiated by a high-energy laser. In addition, the model is simulated and verified through experiments. Among them, the experimental verification uses the photographic method, shooting the distribution and the form of the air mass of water flow in different operating conditions, which are compared with the simulation results. The research shows that it is achievable to reduce the intensity of the phase transition by increasing the water flow, reducing the power intensity of the beam, shortening the distance the beam covers, reducing the initial water temperature or adopting a shorter wavelength laser. The study＇s results will provide the reference for the design of a water-direct-absorption-type high-energy laser energy meter as well as an analysis of the interaction processes of other similar high-power lasers and water flow.
文摘This paper examines the two-phase flow for a horizontal well penetrating a naturally fractured reservoir with edge water injection by means of a fixed streamlinemodel,The mathematical model of the verical two-dimensional flow or oil-water for a horizontal well in a medium with double-porosity is established ,and whose accuratesolutions are obtained by using the characteristic method .The saturation distributionsin the fractured system and the matrix system as well as the formula of the time of water free production are presented .All these results provide a theoretical basis and a computing method for oil displacement by edge water from naturally fracturedreservirs.
文摘棒材是国内产量占比较大的钢材品种,为了保证棒材质量,需对其实施无损检测。相控阵超声换能器基于惠更斯原理设计,通过电子激发控制实现超声声束的聚焦和偏转。水浸相控阵超声设备扫查效率快、灵敏度高,能够实现棒材全截面扫查,适用于棒材产品的无损检测。使用相控阵超声设备前要对所有聚焦法则进行均一性校准,保证各聚焦法则的检测灵敏度差异在既定范围内。通过棒材检测实践,验证了水浸相控阵超声设备能够在500 mm/s进给速度下检测出棒材中大于0.7 mm FBH当量的夹杂物。
基金appreciate financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51774070,52004165)the Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province,China(No.202101AS070029)。
文摘研究采用硫酸铵焙烧—水浸工艺提高菱镁矿的利用效率,结合XRD和TG-DTA分析以及对比硫酸铵焙烧MgO的物相变化得到焙烧过程中矿相的转化过程。实验结果表明,在菱镁矿粒度为~74μm、硫酸铵与菱镁矿物料摩尔比为1.6:1、焙烧温度为475℃和焙烧时间为2 h的条件下,镁的提取率达到98.7%。反应中物相转化过程可以概括如下:MgCO_(3)先转变为(NH_(4))_(2)Mg_(2)(SO_(4))_(3),再分解得到MgSO_(4)。反应遵循化学反应和扩散混合控制机理,其表观活化能为33.02 k J/mol。
