China has started shifting from relying on supply management to demand management strategy in addressing its water shortage problems.Water option,a financial derivative for water commodity,has been utilized to manage ...China has started shifting from relying on supply management to demand management strategy in addressing its water shortage problems.Water option,a financial derivative for water commodity,has been utilized to manage water demands in the United States and Europe since the 1990 s but is still novel to China.In this study we analyzed the pros and cons of China’s existing system for water rights transfers and proposed an alternative,flexible trading instrument-water options for China.Incorporating the uncertainty to water option pricing,this study first conducted an empirical analysis of the water option in the water-receiving area of the Hanjiang-Weihe River Transfer Project of China,and then evaluated the benefits of the water option applications.Results show that water option trading can bring water cost saving and increase the potential industrially added value for industrial enterprises in the receiving area,and trading of short-and-medium term water options is more favorable than the long-term water options trading.The novel water option trading proposed in this study,once verified through pilot studies,will be helpful in addressing water shortage problems in China.展开更多
The rare deposition of water resources conflicts with its limitless demand.This determined the existence of the water fights transaction system.The implementation of the water fights transaction system requires clarif...The rare deposition of water resources conflicts with its limitless demand.This determined the existence of the water fights transaction system.The implementation of the water fights transaction system requires clarifying the definition of water re- source right above all distinctly.At present,it is a kind of common right system arrangement which needs the Chinese government to dispose of water resources.Though a series of management sys- tems guaranteed the government's supply of water resource,it hindered the development of the water market seriously and caused the utilization of water resources to stay in the inefficient or low efficient state for a long time.Thus,we should change the government's leading role in the resource distribution and really rely on the market to carry on the water fights trade and transac- tion.In this way,the water rights could become a kind of private property fight relatively,and circulate freely in the market.As a result of this,we should overcome the defects of common fight, make its external performance internalized maximally and achieve the optimized water resource disposition and use it more effec- tively.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project(No.17XJA790005)Grant of Shaanxi Social Science Association&Shaanxi Statistics Bureau(No.2019TJ053)。
文摘China has started shifting from relying on supply management to demand management strategy in addressing its water shortage problems.Water option,a financial derivative for water commodity,has been utilized to manage water demands in the United States and Europe since the 1990 s but is still novel to China.In this study we analyzed the pros and cons of China’s existing system for water rights transfers and proposed an alternative,flexible trading instrument-water options for China.Incorporating the uncertainty to water option pricing,this study first conducted an empirical analysis of the water option in the water-receiving area of the Hanjiang-Weihe River Transfer Project of China,and then evaluated the benefits of the water option applications.Results show that water option trading can bring water cost saving and increase the potential industrially added value for industrial enterprises in the receiving area,and trading of short-and-medium term water options is more favorable than the long-term water options trading.The novel water option trading proposed in this study,once verified through pilot studies,will be helpful in addressing water shortage problems in China.
文摘The rare deposition of water resources conflicts with its limitless demand.This determined the existence of the water fights transaction system.The implementation of the water fights transaction system requires clarifying the definition of water re- source right above all distinctly.At present,it is a kind of common right system arrangement which needs the Chinese government to dispose of water resources.Though a series of management sys- tems guaranteed the government's supply of water resource,it hindered the development of the water market seriously and caused the utilization of water resources to stay in the inefficient or low efficient state for a long time.Thus,we should change the government's leading role in the resource distribution and really rely on the market to carry on the water fights trade and transac- tion.In this way,the water rights could become a kind of private property fight relatively,and circulate freely in the market.As a result of this,we should overcome the defects of common fight, make its external performance internalized maximally and achieve the optimized water resource disposition and use it more effec- tively.
