Biodegradability of soil water soluble organic carbon extracted from seven different soils

Water soluble organic carbon （WSOC） is considered the most mobile and reactive soil carbon source and its characterization is an important issue for soil ecology study. A biodegradability test was set up to study WSOC extracted from 7 soils differently managed. WSOC was extracted from soil with water （soil/water ratio of 1：2, W/V） for 30 min, and then tested for biodegradability by a liquid state respirometric test. Result obtained confirmed the finding that WSOC biodegradability depended on the both land use and management practice. These results suggested the biodegradability test as suitable method to characterize WSOC, and provided useful information to soil fertility.

Partitioning of water soluble organic carbon in three sediment size fractions:Effect of the humic substances

Water soluble organic carbon （WSOC） in sediments plays an important role in transference and transformation of aquatic pollutants. This article investigated the inherent mechanisms of how sediemnt grain size affect the partitioning coeffcient （k） of WSOC. Influences of NaOH extracted humic substances were particularly focused on. Sediments were sampled from two cross-sections of the middle Yellow River and sieved into three size fractions （〈 63 μm, 63-100 μm, and 100-300 μm）. The total concentration of WSOC in sediments （Cwsoc） and k were estimated using multiple water-sediment ratio experiments. Results showed that Cwsoc ranged from 0.012 to 0.022 mg/g, while k ranged from 0.8 to 3.9 L/kg. Correlations between the spectrum characteristics of NaOH extracted humic substances and k were analyzed. Strong positive correlations are determined between k and the aromaticity indicators of NaOH extracted humic substances in different sediment size fractions. Comparing with finer fractions （〈 63 μm）, k is higher in larger size fractions （63- 100 μm and 100-300 μm） related to higher aromaticity degree of NaOH extracted humic substances mostly. While negative relationship between k and the area ratio of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） at 3400 and 1430 cm^-1 implied that the lowest k was related to the highest concentration of acidic humic groups in particles 〈 63 μm. WSOC in finer fractions （〈 63 μm） is likely to enter into pore water, which may further accelerate the transportation of aquatic contaminants from sediment to water.

Fluorescence characteristics of water soluble organic carbon in eastern China

Fluorescence excitation and average molecular weight of 46 water soluble organic matter (WSOC) samples extracted from 20 soil types in eastern China were determined. It was found all samples shared similar spectroscopy. A good linear relationship existed between total organic carbon and excitation in the range of 350 to 450 nm though the content of organic carbon and pH of the samples vary in a wide range. No significant correlation between relative excitation intensity and average molecular weight of WSOC and FA was found, but the partial correlation became significant with pH as the controlling factor for WSOC samples. The relative excitation intensity showed a general trend of increasing from south to north in the study area. The pH value might play an important role in regulating the fluorescent spatial variation of WSOC. S153 A

基于3DEEM-PARAFAC方法对不同秸秆还田方式下WSOC的组分与荧光特征分析

以三维荧光光谱结合平行因子法(3DEEM-PARAFAC)为主要分析方法,分析秸秆未还田条件下3种耕作方法(免耕、浅翻、深翻)及相应还田方法(秸秆免耕覆盖、浅翻还田、深翻还田)下,土壤水溶性有机碳(WSOC)的组分及不同土层的荧光特性。结果表明,土壤WSOC解析出4个荧光组分,分别为2个类腐殖质物质C1(310,240/410 nm)、C2(270/465 nm)和两个类蛋白物质C3(280,230/340 nm)、C4(220/300 nm);秸秆深翻还田在>35 cm土层有不同程度的促进类腐殖华物质C1、C2组分向类蛋白物质C4组分转化的趋势;土壤WSOC的来源均为植物源与微生物源的混合贡献,深翻还田在>35 cm土层腐殖化程度最低。秸秆还田与深翻对深层土壤WSOC中结构较为复杂、芳香性高的有机物的矿化分解有一定促进作用。

Changes of Labile Organic Carbon Fractions in Soils Under Different Rotation Systems

Soil labile (biologically active) organic carbon fractions under different crop rotation systems in Jiangsu Province, China, were investigated after 10 years of rotation. The rotation systems, including green manurerice-rice (GmRR), wheat-rice-rice (WRR), wheat-rice (WR) and wheat/corn intercrop-rice (WCR) rotations,were established on paddy soils using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in the soils under different systems were greater in the GmRR and WRR than in the WR and WCR rotation systems because the soils under triple cropping often received more crop residues than the soils under double cropping. Both the WSOC and the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) contents in the soils of the GmRR rotation system were significantly greater than those in the other crop rotation systems, which was due to the return of green manure to the fields of the GmRR rotation system. The results of a 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) analysis indicated that the structural characteristics of soil WSOC were similar under the four crop rotation systems with carbohydrates and long-chain aliphatics being the major components. Correlation analysis showed that the content of the WSOC was positively correlated with that of the MBC (P ＜0.01),and all had significantly positive correlations with TOC and TN. The coefficients of variation (CVs) for WSOC and WSOC/TOC were greater than the other indices (e.g, MBC, TOC and TN), suggesting that WSOC in the soils was more sensitive to these rotation systems. The results above indicated that the soil amended with green manure could not only increase the usable C source for soil microorganisms, but could also enhance soil organic matter content; hence, rotation with green manure would be a good strategy for sustainable agriculture.

东北半干旱黑土区玉米秸秆还田方式对土壤水溶性有机碳含量及其组分的影响

为明确不同秸秆还田方式下土壤有机碳组分的变化特征,基于6 a秸秆还田长期定位试验,利用三维荧光光谱技术,对无秸秆还田(CK)、秸秆覆盖还田(FG)、秸秆翻埋还田(FM)处理下土壤有机碳(SOC)含量及水溶性有机碳(WSOC)含量及其结构特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)与CK相比,FM处理0~40 cm土层SOC含量提高7.87%~29.54%,FG处理0~30 cm土层SOC含量增加1.91%~18.61%,30~40 cm土层SOC含量降低7.67%;FM和FG处理0~40 cm土层土壤WSOC含量分别提升13.42%~39.42%和0.28%~26.34%。(2)通过WSOC三维荧光光谱发现,各土层CK(Ex/Em=300/34、Ex/Em=300/340、Ex/Em=240/340、Ex/Em=300/340)处理WSOC荧光特征峰为溶解性微生物代谢产物和类色氨酸蛋白质物质荧光峰;FM(Ex/Em=340/430、Ex/Em=340/430、Ex/Em=340/435、Ex/Em=340/435)和FG(Ex/Em=270/440、Ex/Em=270/435、Ex/Em=340/435、Ex/Em=340/430)处理为类腐殖酸类物质荧光特征峰,腐殖化程度较高,结构较为复杂;荧光区域积分表明,FM和FG处理类腐殖酸类物质(Ⅴ)和富里酸类物质(Ⅲ)的积分百分比分别较CK增加12.18%~27.39%、11.98%~30.72%和3.96%~5.73%、2.99%~5.40%。(3)土壤WSOC包含两个组分,C1(Ex/Em=340/435,270/435)组分为类腐殖酸类物质,C2(Ex/Em=290/345,240/345)组分为溶解性微生物代谢产物和类色氨酸蛋白质物质;F max值结果表明,0~40 cm土层的C1组分相对含量表现为FM>FG>CK,表明秸秆翻埋还田更有助于土壤中营养物质含量增加和形成更高分子量的有机物。综上,不同秸秆还田方式均可提升SOC和土壤WSOC含量,增加腐殖化程度,加强土壤的供肥能力,翻埋还田处理提升作用更为显著。

半干旱地区秸秆还田对土壤有机碳组分及产量的影响

为了探索半干旱区玉米秸秆还田对土壤有机碳组分和产量的影响,以黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院秸秆长期定位试验田为研究对象,对CK(常规种植)、FM(秸秆翻埋还田)和FG(秸秆覆盖还田)3种处理下土壤颗粒有机碳、水溶性有机碳含量及玉米产量进行分析。结果表明:不同处理各土层均是黏粒(<0.053μm)有机碳含量最高。FM处理4个土层砂粒(>0.250μm)和黏粒(<0.053μm)有机碳含量平均值分别提高了21.78%和20.51%,FG处理分别提高了25.87%和13.52%。FM处理在各土层水溶性有机碳含量最高,在0~10和>10~20 cm土层中顺序为FM>FG>CK,其中FM处理分别较CK增加22.73%和38.25%,FG处理分别较CK提高2.48%和26.32%。在>20~30和>30~40 cm土层中,土壤水溶性有机碳含量依次为FM>CK>FG,其中FG降低幅度分别为14.55%和9.41%,而FM处理增加幅度分别为10.68%和17.85%。不同处理之间穗长、穗粗和穗行数差异不明显。穗粒数顺序为FM>FG>CK,籽粒含水量顺序为FG>CK>FM;产量顺序为FM>FG>CK,FM和FG处理分别较CK增产5.20%和3.20%。

深松与秸秆覆盖还田对半干旱区土壤碳组分和玉米产量的影响

为促进黑龙江省西部半干旱区土壤固碳和玉米增产,以黑龙江省农业科学院耕作与秸秆长期定位试验田为研究对象,以CK(常规种植)、NFG(秸秆覆盖还田)、SFG(深松+秸秆覆盖还田)3种处理对土壤有机碳、不同粒径有机碳、水溶性有机碳含量及玉米产量的影响进行分析,研究深松与秸秆覆盖还田对半干旱区土壤碳组分和玉米产量的影响。结果表明,(1)本试验中,在0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层的土壤有机碳和水溶性有机碳含量顺序均为SFG>NFG>CK。(2)<0.053 mm粒级团聚体有机碳含量明显高于>0.250 mm和0.053~0.250 mm粒级,在0~10 cm土层,SFG、NFG处理土层>0.250 mm、<0.053 mm和0.053~0.250 mm粒级团聚体有机碳含量均比对照CK提高10%以上。(3)在10~20 cm土层,SFG处理>0.250 mm粒级和NFG处理0.053~0.250 mm粒级团聚体有机碳含量增加较为明显。(4)不同处理之间玉米穗长、穗粗和穗行数差异不显著,穗粒数和产量差异达到显著水平,其中SFG和NFG处理分别较CK产量提高了28.57%和15.10%。产量与土壤有机碳含量之间呈极显著正相关关系,与团聚体有机碳和水溶性有机碳含量呈显著正相关关系。

第十四届全运会大气污染物减排措施对西安市气溶胶中水溶性离子和含碳组分的影响

人为源密集的城市是空气污染影响的主要区域,厘清城市地区排放源的变化与大气污染物浓度之间的影响作用机制,有助于协调我国大气污染防控与城市社会经济发展之间的关系。为研究第十四届全运会期间大气污染物减排措施对西安市大气污染物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、O_(3)和CO)的影响,于2021年8月6日至10月1日使用在线监测仪器观测了环境六要素、气象要素和PM_(2.5)中的气溶胶化学组分(有机碳、元素碳和水溶性离子)。结果表明:大气污染物减排措施对主要污染物O_(3)和PM_(2.5)浓度日变化的影响不同,主要由温度对光化学过程的影响和扩散条件差异导致。O_(3)在减排措施实施期间晴天峰值浓度更高、持续时间更长、浓度变化更迅速。PM_(2.5)在减排措施实施前晴天白天的峰值浓度较高,并在减排措施实施期间晴天夜间的峰值浓度较高。大气污染物减排措施对PM_(2.5)中化学组分的影响不同,尤其是对有机碳的组成影响较大。与减排措施实施前晴天相比,减排措施实施期间晴天NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、NH_(4)^(+)、Cl^(-)、Ca^(2+)、Na^(+)和NO_(2)^(-)浓度降低了17.9%~71.8%,K^(+)、Mg^(2+)和元素碳浓度增加了1.9%~13.6%,有机碳浓度仅降低了1.0%,但是一次有机碳浓度增加了13.6%,二次有机碳浓度降低了4.7%。NO_(3)^(-)/SO_(4)^(2-)值在减排措施实施期间晴天(0.53)远低于减排措施实施前晴天(1.66),表明减排措施实施期间交通源的贡献显著降低。降雨对NO_(3)^(-)和NH_(4)^(+)的清除较弱,反而会增加其浓度,但对K^(+)、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)和Na+的清除作用较强。NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和NH_(4)^(+)在减排措施实施前后均是水溶性离子最重要的组成,在水溶性离子中的占比为90.8%(减排措施实施前的晴天)~95.8%(减排措施实施期间的雨天)。二次有机碳是有机碳的主要组成,占比为75.5%(减排措施实施期间的雨天)~79.9%(减排措施实施前的晴天)。不同阶段的水溶性离子和含碳气溶胶浓度日变化特征不同。NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和NH_(4)^(+)浓度晴天的日变化为单峰型分布,雨天为多峰型分布。

不同植被恢复模式对根际土壤MBC/WSOC的影响

以马尾松与木荷混交林(MM)为对照,马尾松与阔叶树复层林(MK)、封育林(FY)、阔叶混交林(KY)为研究对象,探讨不同恢复模式下根际与非根际土壤MBC和WSOC含量特征。结果表明,各种恢复模式均呈现出土壤MBC和WSOC含量随着土壤深度的增加而减少的趋势,根际土壤的MBC含量较非根际土壤高,而其WSOC含量较非根际土壤低。MK、MM根际土壤的MBC含量分别与它们的WSOC含量存在显著相关关系,MM、MK和KY非根际土壤的MBC含量分别与其WSOC含量存在显著性相关关系。总体上,各种植被恢复模式根际与非根际土壤之间MBC、WSOC均存在较为明显的差异。

北京市PM_(2.5)中水溶性有机碳污染特征研究

于2019年的1月1日—12月31日采集了315个细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))样品,用于研究北京大气气溶胶中水溶性有机碳(WSOC)的特点和来源。结果表明:2019年北京城区WSOC平均质量浓度为4.58μg/m^(3),浓度范围为0.50~23.87μg/m^(3)。WSOC的质量浓度呈现了显著的季节差异,按照从大到小的顺序排列依次是冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。相关性分析结果表明在夏、秋季受到一次源和二次源的共同影响,而在春、冬季受到一次源的影响更大,在夏、秋季二次源影响高于春、冬季。在冬季WSOC受到燃煤的影响。

Emission of organic carbon, elemental carbon and water-soluble ions from crop straw burning under flaming and smoldering conditions

Emissions from major agricultural residues were measured using a self-designed combustion system. Emission factors （EFs） of organic carbon （OC）, elemental carbon （EC）, and water-soluble ions （WSIs） （K＋, NH4＋, Na＋, Mg2＋, Ca2＋, Cl-, NO3-, SO42–） in smoke from wheat and rice straw were measured under flaming and smoldering conditions. The OC1/TC （total carbon） was highest （45.8% flaming, 57.7% smoldering） among carbon fractions. The mean EFs for OC （EFOC） and EC （EFEC） were 9.2 ± 3.9 and 2.2 ± 0.7 g/kg for wheat straw and 6.4 ± 1.9 and 1.1 ± 0.3 g/kg for rice straw under flaming conditions, while they were 40.8 ± 5.6 and 5.8 ± 1.0 g/kg and 37.6 ± 6.3 and 5.0 ± 1.4 g/kg under smoldering conditions, respectively. Higher EC ratios were observed in particulate matter （PM） mass under flaming conditions. The OC and EC for the two combustion patterns were significantly correlated （p 〈 0.01, R = 0.95 for wheat straw; p 〈 0.01, R = 0.97 for rice straw）, and a higher positive correlation between OC3 and EC was observed under both combustion conditions. WSIs emitted from flaming smoke were dominated by Cl- and K＋, which contributed 3.4% and 2.4% of the PM mass for rice straw and 2.2% and 1.0% for wheat straw, respectively. The EFs of Cl- and K＋ were 0.73 ± 0.16 and 0.51 ± 0.14 g/kg for wheat straw and 0.25 ± 0.15 and 0.12 ± 0.05 g/kg for rice straw under flaming conditions, while they were 0.42 ± 0.28 and 0.12 ± 0.06 g/kg and 0.30 ± 0.27 and 0.05 ± 0.03 g/kg under smoldering conditions, respectively. Na＋, Mg2＋, and NH4＋ were vital components in PM, comprising from 0.8% （smoldering） to 3.1% （flaming） of the mass. Strong correlations of Cl- with K＋, NH4＋, and Na＋ ions were observed in rice straw and the calculated diagnostic ratios of OC/EC, K＋/Na＋ and Cl-/Na＋ could be useful to distinguishing crop straw burning from other sources of atmospheric pollution.

蚯蚓和细菌对秸秆混粪改良苏打盐碱土碳转化及微生物群落的影响

为了促进苏打盐碱土中有机物料的转化,优化微生物群落结构,提高有机碳含量,利用蚯蚓(Pheretima guillelmi)和外源微生物(类芽孢杆菌C1)研究二者在单一或联合作用下对苏打盐碱土中水稻秸秆和牛粪混合物的降解、有机碳转化以及土壤微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明,蚯蚓、菌株C1单一和联合作用下,水稻秸秆和牛粪混合物的降解率分别提高了66.0%、40.9%和72.1%,土壤有机碳(SOC)含量分别增加了65.8%、18.2%和25.5%,水溶性有机碳(WEOC)含量分别提高了63.5%、1.6%和26.3%。蚯蚓、菌株C1单一和联合作用均能使WEOC的前体物从植物源向微生物源转化,从而增加类溶解性微生物代谢产物的比例;蚯蚓还可以促进WEOC中类腐植酸物质的生成,降低土壤的老化程度,并且与菌株C1之间存在协同效应。蚯蚓、菌株C1单一和联合作用均能够增加真菌的丰富度、多样性以及具有纤维素降解能力的子囊菌群的相对丰度。在属水平上,蚯蚓的作用与土壤中SOC、WEOC含量和WEOC紫外吸收特征值呈正相关。研究表明,蚯蚓与菌株C1单一或联合作用能够使土壤微生物群落结构向更有利于有机物料转化的功能方向转变,进而促进有机物料的降解,提高SOC的含量和稳定性。因此,蚯蚓和菌株C1在苏打盐碱土改良方面具有重要的应用潜力。

杉木和米槠人工林土壤可溶性碳组分动态及其对凋落叶输入的响应

可溶性碳组分是土壤有机碳库中最活跃的部分,作为土壤碳周转初期变化的敏感指标,其含量受到凋落叶等植物残体输入、森林类型及季节性水热变化的共同调节。采用土壤原位培养法,以亚热带米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)人工林与杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)人工林为对象,分析生长季内土壤可溶性碳(DOC)与热水溶性碳(HWSC)含量动态变化及其对凋落叶输入的响应趋势。结果表明,凋落叶输入、森林类型和培养月份均极显著影响土壤可溶性碳组分含量(p<0.001)。杉木人工林土壤DOC与HWSC含量整体较高,分别高出米槠人工林15.09%和13.06%,但后者的土壤可溶性有机质芳香化程度更高。经过1个生长季的培养,2种人工林土壤DOC与HWSC含量均明显增加。凋落叶增加生长季米槠人工林土壤DOC与HWSC的含量,但对杉木人工林的影响具有季节差异。研究结果表明杉木人工林土壤DOC与HWSC含量更高,但凋落叶输入促进米槠人工林DOC与HWSC含量,更易于随淋溶过程流失。

海南琼中不同林龄橡胶林土壤有机碳组分及其影响因素

【目的】研究橡胶林土壤有机碳组分及理化性状间的关系,为中国植胶区土壤质量和天然橡胶产业高效发展提供理论依据。【方法】以海南琼中大丰农场5种林龄(2、9、12、27和31龄)橡胶林土壤样品为研究对象,用农化分析方法测定土壤理化性质和有机碳组分含量。【结果】(1)9龄橡胶林土壤pH最高,31龄橡胶林土壤含水量最高且容重最低,各林龄全氮、全磷和全钾含量分别低于、等于和高于全国水平。(2)不同林龄橡胶林土壤有机碳各组分含量存在差异,其中总有机碳含量为4.58~8.52 g/kg,易氧化有机碳含量为1.72~4.66 g/kg,稳定态有机碳含量为2.05~3.27 g/kg,水溶性有机碳含量为0.23~0.48 g/kg。(3)土壤总有机碳含量与易氧化有机碳含量、稳定态有机碳含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.321和0.333。【结论】27和31龄橡胶林因林下积累有机物较多,其土壤有机碳组分含量高于低林龄橡胶林;2龄橡胶林因刚定植,林下植被裸露,12龄橡胶林因已开割,因此,有机物流失均较多。

施肥对毛竹林土壤水溶性有机碳氮与温室气体排放的影响

森林生态系统作为生物圈的重要组成部分,维持着全球植被碳库的86%和土壤碳库的40%（Houghton et al.,2001;胡会峰等,2006）。因此,森林在调节全球气候、维持全球碳平衡方面起着非常重要的作用（Fang et al.,2001;Woodbury et al.,2007;Hu et al.,2008）。然而,

生草提高山核桃林土壤有机碳含量及微生物功能多样性

山核桃（Carya cathayensis）是中国特有的高档干果和木本油料树种,但高强度经营导致林地土壤性质的改变,为了解生草对土壤的修复效果,在山核桃主产区设置了紫云英（Astragalus sinicus）、油菜（Brassica campestris）、黑麦草（Lolium perenne）和免耕4种处理,对土壤有机碳及微生物功能多样性进行分析。结果表明,不同生草栽培后,山核桃林地土壤总有机碳（total organic carbon,TOC）质量分数显著增加,与免耕相比,种植油菜、黑麦草、紫云英4 a后土壤TOC分别提高了23.12%,26.61%和24.74%,增加的组分以羰基碳为主,但并未改变土壤碳库的稳定性;同时也显著提高了林地土壤微生物量碳（microbial biomass carbon,MBC）和水溶性有机碳（water-soluble organic carbon,WSOC）的质量分数,MBC增加了138.61%~159.68,WSOC提高了56.24%~69.47%%。3种生草的土壤微生物活性（average well color development,AWCD）显著高于免耕,微生物多样性指数（Shannon index,H）和均匀度指数（evenness index,E）则表现为油菜、紫云英处理显著高于免耕。研究表明,生草栽培能有效提高林地土壤TOC质量分数和微生物功能多样性,为山核桃林地土壤修复和科学管理提供参考。

天津冬季大气中PM2.5及其主要组分的污染特征

研究了天津冬季中心城区、工业区和滨海区大气中PM2.5及其水溶性无机离子和含碳组分的污染特征.结果表明,天津冬季PM2.5污染严重,平均质量浓度为223μg/m3,其中有机物、SO42-和元素碳是含量较高的3种组分,分别占PM2.5总质量的23.4%,13.1%,12.8%.PM2.5浓度及其化学组成空间分布较为均匀,但工业区受局部排放源的影响,含碳物质污染突出;SO42-、NO3-、Cl-、NH4+和K+约占离子总量的90%,阴、阳离子未达到平衡状态,酸性阴离子过剩;有机碳与元素碳的浓度比为1.4,低于国内其他城市;有机碳主要来自污染源的直接排放,二次有机碳的含量约为27%～37%;机动车尾气、燃煤是PM2.5的主要排放源,海盐粒子的贡献甚微.

坡耕地黑土活性有机碳空间分布及生物有效性

以一东北黑土区典型漫岗坡耕地为研究对象，测定不同侵蚀程度地形部位的活性碳组分，以分析土壤侵蚀对活性碳组分的影响以及沉积区侵蚀碳的归宿。研究结果表明：各地形部位表层黑土（0～20cm）水溶性有机碳（WSOC）含量介于14．6～20．0mg／kg之间，低于总SOC含量的0．15％WSOC在沿坡迁移的同时，向下淋溶也很显著。MBC含量为121．5～583．6mg／kg，占总SOC的1．0%～4．7％。Min—C变化范围为52．8～115．3mg／kg，土壤Min-C差异主要集中在表层。土壤侵蚀显著降低侵蚀部位表层土壤Min-C、WSOC和MBC含量，沉积区土壤MBC、Min—C含量及其商值较高，而WSOC却无显著累积。相关关系表明，表层土壤Min—C、WSOC和MBC均于总SOC含量呈显著正相关。初步的研究结果认为侵蚀物质的输入增加沉积区表层土壤微生物活性和土壤碳的矿化潜力，常年处于氧化环境中的侵蚀碳可能被矿化而难以累积。

不同植茶年限土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布特征

作为土壤结构的基本单元和土壤肥力的重要组成部分,土壤团聚体对土壤的物理、化学和生物特性均有重要影响。试验选取了雅安市名山区中峰乡生态茶园区12—15a、20—22a、30—33a和>50a的茶园,研究其土壤团聚体及其有机碳总量、储量和活性组分的分布特征,探究植茶年限对土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤以>2 mm粒级团聚体为主,约为70%—80%,且在0—20 cm土层植茶20—22a土壤团聚体含量最高;(2)茶园土壤团聚体有机碳含量随团聚体粒级的减小而增加,最大值出现在<0.25 mm粒级团聚体,且在植茶>50a时达最高值,0—20 cm土层团聚体有机碳含量均高于20—40 cm,土壤团聚体水溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳随植茶年限的延长呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,植茶30—33a时含量最高,且小粒级团聚体水溶性有机碳含量较高而微生物量碳较低;(3)土壤团聚体对有机碳的贡献率约有70%来自>2 mm粒级团聚体,团聚体有机碳储量随植茶年限延长呈增加的趋势,不同植茶年限0—20 cm土层各粒级团聚体有机碳储量均高于20—40 cm土层,且以<0.25 mm粒级团聚体有机碳储量最高。研究结果在一定程度上揭示了不同植茶年限土壤团聚体及其有机碳的分布特征,可为改善区域土壤质量及实施退耕还茶工程提供理论指导。