Strength prediction model for water-bearing sandstone based on nearinfrared spectroscopy

The strength of water-bearing rock cannot be obtained in real time and by nondestructive experiments,which is an issue at cultural relics protection sites such as grotto temples.To solve this problem,we conducted a near-infrared spectrum acquisition experiment in the field and laboratory uniaxial compression strength tests on sandstone that had different water saturation levels.The correlations between the peak height and peak area of the nearinfrared absorption bands of the water-bearing sandstone and uniaxial compressive strength were analyzed.On this basis,a strength prediction model for water-bearing sandstone was established using the long short-term memory full convolutional network(LSTM-FCN)method.Subsequently,a field engineering test was carried out.The results showed that:(1)The sandstone samples had four distinct characteristic absorption peaks at 1400,1900,2200,and 2325 nm.The peak height and peak area of the absorption bands near 1400 nm and 1900 nm had a negative correlation with uniaxial compressive strength.The peak height and peak area of the absorption bands near 2200 nm and 2325 nm had nonlinear positive correlations with uniaxial compressive strength.(2)The LSTM-FCN method was used to establish a strength prediction model for water-bearing sandstone based on near-infrared spectroscopy,and the model achieved an accuracy of up to 97.52%.(3)The prediction model was used to realize non-destructive,quantitative,and real-time determination of uniaxial compressive strength;this represents a new method for the non-destructive testing of grotto rock mass at sites of cultural relics protection.

Optical trapping capability of tornado circular Pearcey beams

We systemically investigate optical trapping capability of a kind of tornado waves on Rayleigh particles.Such tornado waves are named as tornado circular Pearcey beams(TCPBs)and produced by combining two circular Pearcey beams with different radii.Our theoretical exploration delves into various aspects,including the propagation dynamics,energy flux,orbital angular momentum,trapping force,and torque characteristics of TCPBs.The results reveal that the orbital angular momentum,trapping force,and torque of these beams can be finely tuned through the judicious manipulation of their topological charges(l_(1)and l_(2)).Notably,we observe a precise control mechanism wherein the force diminishes with|l_(1)+l_(2)|and|l_(1)-l_(2)|,while the torque exhibits enhancement by decreasing solely with|l_(1)+l_(2)|or increasing with|l_(1)-l_(2)|.These results not only provide quantitative insights into the optical trapping performance of TCPBs but also serve as a valuable reference for the ongoing development of innovative photonic tools.

The Water-Bearing Numerical Model and Its Operational Forecasting Experiments PartII: The Operational Forecasting Experiments

おhe water-bearing numerical model is undergone all round examinations during the operational forecasting experiments from 1994 to 1996. A lot of difficult problems arising from the model′s water-bearing are successfully resolved in these experiments through developing and using a series of technical measures. The operational forecasting running of the water-bearing numerical model is realized stably and reliably, and satisfactory forecasts are obtained.

The Water-Bearing Numerical Model and Its Operational Forecasting Experiments Part I: The Water-Bearing Numerical Model

In first paper of articles, the physical and calculating schemes of the water-bearing numerical model are described. The model is developed by bearing all species of hydrometeors in a conventional numerical model in which the dynamic framework of hydrostatic equilibrium is taken. The main contributions are: the mixing ratios of all species of hydrometeors are added as the prognostic variables of model, the prognostic equations of these hydrometeors are introduced, the cloud physical framework is specially designed, some technical measures are used to resolve a series of physical, mathematical and computational problems arising from water-bearing; and so on. The various problems (in such aspects as the designs of physical and calculating schemes and the composition of computational programme) which are exposed in feasibility test, in sensibility test, and especially in operational forecasting experiments are successfully resolved using a lot of technical measures having been developed from researches and tests. Finally, the operational forecasting running of the water-bearing numerical model and its forecasting system is realized stably and reliably, and the fine forecasts are obtained. All of these mentioned above will be described in second paper.

Banana-shaped electron acceptors with an electron-rich core fragment and 3D packing capability

The emergence of Y6-type nonfullerene acceptors has greatly enhanced the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).However,which structural feature is responsible for the excellent photovoltaic performance is still under debate.In this study,two Y6-like acceptors BDOTP-1 and BDOTP-2 were designed.Different from previous Y6-type acceptors featuring an A–D–Aʹ–D–A structure,BDOTP-1,and BDOTP-2 have no electron-deficient Aʹfragment in the core unit.Instead,there is an electron-rich dibenzodioxine fragment in the core.Although this modification leads to a marked change in the molecular dipole moment,electrostatic potential,frontier orbitals,and energy levels,BDOTP acceptors retain similar three-dimensional packing capability as Y6-type acceptors due to the similar banana-shaped molecular configuration.BDOTP acceptors show good performance in OSCs.High PCEs of up to 18.51%(certified 17.9%)are achieved.This study suggests that the banana-shaped configuration instead of the A–D–Aʹ–D–A structure is likely to be the determining factor in realizing high photovoltaic performance.

Resistivity tomography study on samples with water-bearing structure

The apparent resistivity of the samples with water-bearing configuration was measured by an electrode-array and 2-D resistivity images of these samples were reconstructed then. The obtained series of tomograms reveal the dis tribution and its variation of true resistivity within the samples caused by the changes of crack and liquid distribu tion. Applying this method to the simulation experiment on the electrical properties of rocks, the fracturing and water filling process, which produces the electrical changes, can be brought to light clearly.

Experimental study of the temporary plugging capability of diverters to block hydraulic fractures in high-temperature geothermal reservoirs

The effective plugging of artificial fractures is key to the success of temporary plugging and diverting fracturing technology,which is one of the most promising ways to improve the heat recovery efficiency of hot dry rock.At present,how temporary plugging agents plug artificial fractures under high temperature remains unclear.In this paper,by establishing an improved experimental system for the evaluation of temporary plugging performance at high temperature,we clarified the effects of high temperature,injection rate,and fracture width on the pressure response and plugging efficiency of the fracture.The results revealed that the temporary plugging process of artificial fractures in hot dry rock can be divided into four main stages:the initial stage of temporary plugging,the bridging stage of the particles,the plugging formation stage,and the high-pressure dense plugging stage.As the temperature increases,the distribution distance of the temporary plugging agent,the number of pressure fluctuations,and the time required for crack plugging increases.Particularly,when the temperature increases by 100℃,the complete plugging time increases by 90.7%.

Sb-Cu alloy cathode with a novel lithiation mechanism of ternary intermetallic formation: Enabling high energy density and superior rate capability of liquid metal battery

Antimony(Sb) is an attractive cathode for liquid metal batteries(LMBs) because of its high theoretical voltage and low cost.The main obstacles associated with the Sb-based cathodes are unsatisfactory energy density and poor rate-capability.Herein,we propose a novel Sb_(64)Cu_(36)cathode that effectively tackles these issues.The Sb_(64)Cu_(36)(melting point:525℃) cathode presents a novel lithiation mechanism involving sequentially the generation of Li_(2)CuSb,the formation of Li_(3)Sb,and the conversion reaction of Li_(2)CuSb to Li_(3)Sb and Cu.The generated intermetallic compounds show a unique microstructure of the upper floated Li_(2)CuSb layer and the below cross-linked structure with interpenetrated Li_(2)CuSb and Li_(3)Sb phases.Compared with Li_(3)Sb,the lower Li migration energy barrier(0.188 eV) of Li_(2)CuSb significantly facilitates the lithium diffusion across the intermediate compounds and accelerates the reaction kinetics.Consequently,the Li‖Sb_(64)Cu_(36)cell delivers a more excellent electrochemical performance(energy density:353 W h kg^(-1)at 0.4 A cm^(-2);rate capability:0.59 V at 2.0 A cm^(-2)),and a much lower energy storage cost of only 38.45 $ kW h^(-1)than other previously reported Sb-based LMBs.This work provides a novel cathode design concept for the development of high-performance LMBs in applications for large-scale energy storage.

考虑碳流约束的电力系统能碳安全域模型与计算方法

针对当前电力系统碳减排任务与安全稳定运行需求,研究电力系统低碳安全运行技术。现有的能量流安全域模型使电力系统安全监视与控制更加科学有效,但忽略了系统运行过程中可能存在的“高碳”风险。文中提出了一种考虑碳流约束的电力系统能碳耦合安全域(简称能碳安全域)模型与计算方法,旨在保证系统安全性的同时减排提效。为完整刻画电力系统的低碳运行能力极限,分别从负荷端和源端角度提出了考虑碳流约束的系统最大供电能力曲线及最大消纳能力曲线模型。基于系统最大供电能力工作点,提出了能碳安全边界仿真拟合计算方法,实现了能碳安全域的降维观测。最后,结合算例验证了所提模型的有效性。

计及灾后恢复全过程储能应急响应能力的配电网韧性规划

储能因响应快、灵活性高的特点,已成为可再生能源发展必不可少的支撑技术,不仅具有削峰填谷、改善电能质量的作用,在灾后恢复过程中的应急响应能力同样不可忽视。提出了一种计及灾后恢复全过程储能应急响应能力的配电网韧性规划方法,构建了同时考虑网架增强和储能配置策略的配电网韧性增强双层规划模型,系统地刻画了极端灾害发生后配电网网架重构、设备抢修及复电等灾后恢复全过程的源-网-荷-储互动模式场景。最后,通过IEEE33节点系统的算例分析表明,所提方法能更充分地挖掘储能的应急响应潜力,有效提高增强性规划决策的精准度,获得更佳的投资回报。

企业数字化能力影响因素分析——以广东省制造业为例

制造业是我国国民经济的重要组成部分,随着新一代信息技术和数字技术的迅猛发展,民众日益增长的智能化需求和数字化市场趋势推动着企业不断探索和构建自身的数字化能力来实现数字化转型,进而获取持续的竞争优势。本文基于动态能力理论和TOE分析框架,以广东省制造业为例,设计了企业数字化能力的研究模型,并提出假设,在对模型和假设的不同影响路径进行实证检验和修正后,分析了组织结构、高层管理者和数字技术能力对广东省制造企业数字化能力构建的作用机理。

制造企业数字创新如何促进企业绩效提升

为探究制造企业数字创新促进企业绩效提升的过程机理,揭示数字创新的协同效应、扩散效应和增值效应,以及数字化投入持续性的情境效应,将数字创新划分为效率型、新颖型和融合型3种类型,并将数字化能力划分为数字协同能力、数字创新扩散能力和数字价值化能力3个维度,以251家中国制造企业为调查对象进行实证检验,结果发现,第一,数字创新能够显著提升企业绩效水平。第二,数字创新通过推动数字化能力重构促进企业绩效水平提升。第三,不同类型数字化能力在数字创新与企业绩效间发挥中介作用。具体表现如下:数字创新扩散能力在新颖型数字创新与企业绩效间发挥中介作用;数字价值化能力在融合型数字创新与企业绩效间发挥中介作用。第四,数字化投入持续性在企业数字创新过程中发挥重要调节作用,正向调节数字创新与企业绩效间关系,强化数字创新与数字化能力间关系,以及效率型数字创新与数字协同能力间关系。结论可为制造企业数字创新提供理论指导与实践启示。

针灸推拿学专业研究生创新能力培养问题与对策

针灸推拿学作为中医学的一门传统优势学科,国家和社会对其创新型研究人才的需求日益迫切。文章分析了目前针灸推拿学专业研究生创新能力的培养现状,从师和生共创的两个角度探讨应对策略,旨在深化针灸推拿学专业研究生教育改革,提高本专业研究生培养质量,培养符合时代特征的、素质全面的针灸推拿学创新型研究人才。

高校图书馆科研数据管理服务能力评价指标体系研究

本文通过对相关文献和主流模型的梳理,从形式、内容、效用三个维度构建高校图书馆科研数据管理服务能力评价指标体系,并通过一系列科学验证,最终得到由机构支撑力、管理服务力、社会效应力3个一级指标,经费资源支撑、数据资源管理、用户素养教育、学术影响力等11个二级指标,成本效益分析、数据使用规范、用户素养教育内容、科研成果产出等35个三级指标构成的指标体系。构建高校图书馆科研数据管理服务能力评价指标体系,在为国内实践研究提供评价工具的同时,也可以促进高校图书馆科研数据管理服务规范化发展。

数字化转型与企业国际化绩效研究——基于供应链能力的中介作用

本文借助Python爬虫技术刻画上市公司数字化转型强度,利用2012—2021年A股上市公司和国泰安数据库相关匹配数据,从理论和实证两个方面探讨数字化转型对企业国际化绩效的影响及其作用机理。研究结果表明,数字化转型对企业国际化绩效具有显著的促进作用且通过一系列内生性和稳健性检验,供应链能力在其中发挥了中介效应。进一步分析发现,数字化转型对企业国际化绩效的提升效果在非国有企业、技术和资本密集型行业、发达国家或地区更明显。这一结论对促进企业实现数字化转型、提升国际化绩效、增强国际竞争力具有重要的现实意义。

中小企业数字化转型的路径探析

加快推动中小企业数字化转型是数字经济发展的重要基础。由于缺乏足够的技术与资源,中小企业数字化转型需依附第三方数字平台完成产品体系、组织结构、业务流程的改造,进而降低成本、提升效率。其数字化转型过程为企业层面的数字技术部分采用、行业层面的数字技术整体融合以及生态层面的数字技术共生发展。但中小企业在数字化转型过程中,还面临数字意识薄弱、转型能力不足、转型资源受限、转型数据欠缺、转型成本过高等诸多困境。中小企业要立足推动数字经济发展的战略要求,从培养动态管理能力、运用轻体量数字平台、提升组织使用信息技术的能力、获得政府外部帮扶及支持等方面创新路径,推动数字化转型。

“三融入,一反哺”:植物生理学课程思政探索与实践

课程思政是立德树人的根本任务,针对植物生理学教学中课程思政元素融入不够,育智重于育人的不足。以文化自信为切入点,采取“三融入,一反哺”策略,即将处于世界领先地位的中国古代传统农业思想、近现代中国植物生理学家的成就、西南联合大学(简称“西南联大”)的卓越贡献和科研反哺教学融入植物生理学教学。激发学生的学习热情,提高创新能力;增强文化自信,提升专业认同感。

新时代韧性社区建设路径研究

面对不确定性风险的扰动与冲击,传统的理论框架难以回应社会现实样态中确定性与不确定性的耦合效应,韧性理念逐渐成为社区治理研究的理论共识。随着中国式现代化道路的不断推进,要求反思和探索基层社区治理在应对风险社会、供给公共服务、培育社会资本、提升治理效能等维度的价值取向和实践机制。研究发现,现阶段推进韧性社区建设,还面临着组织能力滞后、资源整合松散、情感维系游离等现实梗阻。因此,提升社区治理能力以及推进韧性社区的持续性发展,需要把握韧性社区的功用和治理逻辑,在结构要素、功能效应、社会价值等维度建构富有韧性的治理体系,以回应不确定性情境下社区治理现代化的现实要求。

基于情感和认知协同的道德判断方法

随着大语言模型的迅速发展,大语言模型的安全性逐渐引起了研究者和公众的密切关注.为了防止大语言模型在与人类协作中对人类产生伤害,如何确保大语言模型在日常场景中的判断能与人类道德观念相符成为了一个重要问题.其中一个关键的挑战是,如何确保大语言模型在道德判断方面,能够像人类那样,针对不同的情境,灵活地调整或重新考虑预定的规则,从而使其判断与人类的道德观念保持一致.受心理学和认知科学中关于人类道德判断的情感和认知影响因素研究的启发,结合大语言模型在认知推理和情感分析能力上的优势,设计了一种模仿人类道德判断过程中情感判断和认知判断能力交互的方法,从而提升了大语言模型的道德判断表现.实验结果证明了所提方法在该任务上的有效性.总的来说,不仅为大语言模型的道德判断提供了一种创新的方法,也强调了心理学与认知科学理论在此领域的重要性,为未来的进一步研究奠定基础.

信息技术与企业绩效:知识管理能力与商业模式创新的链式中介作用

信息化时代背景下,企业可以通过先进的信息技术提高管理能力与组织绩效。基于资源基础观和动态能力理论,依循“资源—能力—绩效”的逻辑,以知识管理能力和商业模式创新为中介,探讨信息技术对企业绩效的影响机理。以创新型企业为研究对象,采用问卷调查法收集297份样本数据,并运用偏最小二乘结构方程模型和模糊集定性比较分析方法进行实证检验。结果表明,信息技术对知识管理能力和企业绩效的正向直接效应均显著,知识管理能力对商业模式创新、商业模式创新对企业绩效的正向直接效应均显著,且商业模式创新与知识管理能力在信息技术对企业绩效的正向影响中发挥链式中介作用;企业实现高水平绩效存在3种组态,也间接证实知识管理能力与商业模式创新在信息技术与企业绩效之间存在链式中介效应。研究有助于增进对信息技术与企业绩效间作用关系的理解,丰富资源基础观与动态能力理论,进而为创新型企业可持续成长提供路径指引。