Extreme Meteorological Drought Events over China(1951-2022):Migration Patterns,Diversity of Temperature Extremes,and Decadal Variations

Recently,extreme meteorological droughts have affected China,causing terrible socioeconomic impacts.Despite previous research on the spatiotemporal characteristics and mechanisms of drought,two crucial issues remain seldom explored.First,an event-oriented drought chronology with detailed spatiotemporal evolutions is urgently required.Second,the complex migration patterns and diversity of synchronous temperature extremes need to be quantitatively investigated.Accordingly,the main achievements of our investigation are as follows.We produced an event-oriented set of extreme meteorological droughts over China through the application of a newly developed 3D DBSCAN-based detection method(deposited on https://doi.org/10.25452/figshare.plus.25512334),which was verified with a historical atlas and monographs on a case-by-case basis.In addition,distinctive migration patterns(i.e.,stationary/propagation types)are identified and ranked,considering the differences in latitudinal zones and coastal/inland locations.We also analyze the diversity of synchronous temperature extremes(e.g.,hotness and coldness).Notably,an increasing trend in hot droughts occurred over China since the late 1990s,predominantly appearing to the south of 30°N and north of 40°N.All drought events and synchronous temperature extremes are ranked using a comprehensive magnitude index,with the 2022 summer-autumn Yangtze River hot drought being the hottest.Furthermore,Liang-Kleeman information flow-based causality analysis emphasizes key areas where the PDO and AMO influenced decadal variations in coverages of droughts and temperature extremes.We believe that the achievements in this study may offer new insights into sequential mechanism exploration and prediction-related issues.

Migration Networks Pattern of China’s Floating Population from the Perspective of Complex Network

Since China’s reform and opening-up,the growing disparity between urban and rural areas and regions has led to massive migration.With China’s Rural Revitalization Strategy and the industrial transfer from the eastern coastal areas to the inland,the migration direction and pattern of the floating population have undergone certain changes.Using the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey(CMDS),excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions of China,organized by China’s National Health Commission,the relationship matrix of the floating population is constructed according to the inflow place of the interviewees and their outflow place(the location of the registered residence)in the questionnaire survey.We then apply the complex network model to analyze the migration direction and network pattern of China’s floating population from the city scale.The migration network shows an obvious hierarchical agglomeration.The first-,second-,third-and fourth-tier distribution cities are municipalities directly under the central government,provincial capital cities,major cities in the central and western regions and ordinary cities in all provinces,respectively.The migration trend is from the central and western regions to the eastern coastal areas.The migration network has‘small world’characteristics,forming nine communities.It shows that most node cities in the same community are closely linked and geographically close,indicating that the migration network of floating population is still affected by geographical proximity.Narrowing the urban-rural and regional differences will promote the rational distribution this population.It is necessary to strengthen the reform of the registered residence system,so that the floating population can enjoy urban public services comparable to other populations,and allow migrants to live and work in peace.

Analysis of the Ecological Migration Pattern in Ethnic Minority Areas——A Case Study of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

By taking Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as an example,this paper analyzes the ecological migration pattern in ethnic minority areas.The basic patterns of development for poverty relief in Ningxia are in-situ migration and new area development pattern.The new area development pattern includes three types,namely small town development pattern around urban radiation districts,urban labor migration pattern,and large-scale ecological migration pattern.Finally,successful experience of ecological migration in Ningxia is summarized.First,scientific industrial planning shall be made on the basis of proper selection of ecological migration location in immigrant settlement regions.Second,scientific and comprehensive ecological migration policies should be formulated.

Annual spatio-temporal migration patterns of Hooded Cranes wintering in Izumi based on satellite tracking and their implications for conservation

Background: The Hooded Crane(Grus monacha) is listed as a vulnerable species by IUCN. Knowledge about the migration of the Hooded Crane is still limited. Here we reported the spatio-temporal migration patterns of Hooded Cranes wintering in Izumi, Japan, as well as important stopover areas for their conservation.Methods: Four adult and five subadult cranes, all wintering in Izumi, Japan, were fitted with satellite transmitters(GPS–GSM system) at their stopover sites in northeastern China in 2014 and 2015. We analyzed the time and duration of adults and subadults in spring and autumn migration, as well as the time and duration they stayed in breeding and wintering ground. In addition, we analyzed the land use of the cranes in stopover areas.Results: Adult cranes took much longer time to migrate both north in spring(mean days) compared with subadult cranes(15.3 and 5.2 days, respectively). H= 44.3 days) and south in fall(mean = 54.0 owever, the subadults had longer wintering(mean = 149.8 days) and nomadic(breeding season for adults) seasons(mean d with adults(133.8 and 122.3 days, respectively). Three important stopover areas have been= 196.8 days) compare identified: the region around Muraviovka Park in Russia, the Songnen Plain in China, and the west coast of South Korea, where cranes spent most of their migration time(62.2 and 85.7% in spring and autumn, respectively). During migration, nomadic period and winter, Hooded Cranes usually stay in croplands for resting and feeding. In non-wintering season, less than 6% of stopover sites were located within protected areas.Conclusion: Overall, our results contribute to understanding the annual spatio-temporal migration patterns of Hooded Cranes in the eastern flyway, and planning conservation measures for this species.

Ecological traits affect the seasonal migration patterns of breeding birds along a subtropical altitudinal gradient

Altitudinal bird migration involves seasonal shifts up and down the altitude gradient annually.Asia as the place with the largest number of altitudinal migrants,has quite few related studies,especially for montane and temperate avifaunas.To explore the potential drivers of seasonal altitudinal migration for birds in the middle of Hengduan Mountains,we conducted a three-year investigation on breeding and non-breeding season bird communities at eight elevational bands(1200–4200 m)in the Gongga Mountains.We examined the altitudinal migration patterns and relationships between seasonal distribution shifts and species'traits of 50 species with sufficient data recorded in both seasons.We found that a large proportion of breeding birds underwent altitudinal migration and showed three migration patterns(downslope shift,upslope shift,no shift).Seasonal distribution shifts were mainly correlated with certain ecological traits.Species breeding at high and mid-elevations,nesting in scrub and being omnivorous are more likely to show downslope movements during the non-breeding season.In addition,territorially weaker species exhibited more diverse migration patterns.Notably,we found the hand-wing index(HWI)was actually more convincing than body mass in explaining altitudinal migration.These results consolidate the studies of seasonal altitudinal migration in montane birds.Our study could be used to bridge existing knowledge gaps that currently impeding effective conservation for montane avifaunas in the Hengduan Mountains.

Spatial differentiation pattern of interregional migration in ethnic minority areas of Yunnan Province, China

Interregional migration has broad and far-reaching impacts on regional urbanization process in ethnic minority areas of Southwest China.The previous literature of interregional migration paid less attention on the ethnic minority areas with fragile geographical feature and marginal socio-economic context in the developing world due to the dearth of reliable data.Based on the 2015 national 1%population sampling survey at the village/community scale,taking Yulong Naxi Autonomous County,Yunnan Province,China as the case study,this paper analyzed the spatial differentiation pattern.The results showed that:(1)migration in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County exhibited obvious spatial differentiation characteristics in terms of population aggregation,population loss,migration direction,and migration activity;(2)the overall spatial differentiation of migration exhibited a"layer+sector"pattern in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County:the first layer was active areas with net inflows(<20 km from the seat of the county government),the second layer was inactive areas(within 20–60 km of the seat of the county government),and the third layer was a mixed"layer+sector"zone(>60 km to the seat of the county government),comprised of inactive areas and active areas with net outflows;(3)the spatial differentiation pattern of migration was highly correlated with the regional contexts including the regional economic development,regional transportation accessibility and regional social development,while regional physical geographical factors had insignificant relationships with the migration pattern.

A quantitative approach to monitoring new sand cay migration in Nansha Islands

Sand cay is a special kind of islet formed by coral detritus and bioclast, which is common in Nansha Islands of China. Some sand cays play an important role in ocean strategy and economy, but surprisingly we know little about them, especially those recently formed sand cays. In this research, we monitor migration of a new sand cay in Nanxun Jiao（Gaven Reef） using a series of Quick Bird and World View-2 satellite images between June 2006 and August 2013. We conduct a regression between migration distance and wind observational data to examine the migration patterns of the new sand cay. The migration distance is calculated based on the sand cay locations extracted based on Normalized Difference Water Index（NDWI）. The wind observational data downloaded from NOAA are reformed into four wind direction vectors. Based on the results of regression, we concluded that the migration of the new sand cay on Nanxun Jiao was significantly associated with the east, west and north wind.East wind was the main influence factor of the migration; its impact strength was almost twice as the west and north wind. The south wind has little effect on the migration of the sand cay, which is partly blocked by the artificial structure in the south.

ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARRIAGE AND POPULATION MIGRATION IN CHINA

As a constant and active factor affecting population migration, marriage has long been neglected. This paper brings to light of the social significance of marriage migration and makes an inquiry into its characteristics, patterns and mechanism. It is thought the marriage plays an important role in hastening population migration. While compared with other forms of population migration, marriage migration is distinctive, showing its own characteristics, such as irreversibility in direction, shorter distance, age long continuity, regional dispersal, gentler fluctuation in number, sexual imbalance, and multiple factors at work. Although the manifestation of marriage migration is complicated, its patterns are clear, that is: pattern 1, women to men’s habitation; pattern 2, men to women’s habitation; and pattern 3, men and women to a third place. It is thought that both the characters and the patterns of marriage migration are determined by its mechanism, because marriage migration is not only a kind of biological action but also a kind of social action, the former of which determines whether it happens, while the latter of which determines how it does. The difference of men’s and women’s social status, that of cities and country, and that of developed and backward areas may result in abnormality of marriage migration, while the socio biological feedback of sexual imbalance and regional environmental deterioration can give rise to some self adjusting mechanism. In the end of the paper, based on a sample analysis, it concludes four tendencies towards marriage migration in China: (1) pair migration is emerging; (2) the changing trend of urban and rural regional relationship of marriage is contrary; (3) urban “island effect” in marriage is weakening; and (4) the potential energy between developed and less developed areas is still strong.

Evaluation of the migration and environmental effects of metal elements within cementitious gangue-fly ash backfill in underground coal mines

Cementitious gangue-fly ash backfill(CGB)is used as a green mining technology worldwide.However,under the coupled effects of geological stress and groundwater,the metal elements in the CGB tend to migrate into nearby strata,which can consequently result in pollution of the groundwater environment.In this paper,the influence of initial pH and stress damage on the migration behavior of metal elements in CGB is quantitatively studied through the multi-physical field coupling model of stress-permeability-con centration.The enhanced Nemerow index evaluation method is used to comprehensively evaluate the impact of these metal elements migration behaviors on the groundwater environment.The research results show that:(1)When the stress damage of the CGB increases from 0.76 to 0.95,the Darcy velocity at the bottom of the CGB first increases,then decreases,and finally stabilizes at 2.01×10^(-7)m/s.The longest time to reach the maximum Darcy velocity is 3 a.(2)When the damage of the CGB is 0.95,the farthest migration distances of Al,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ba,and Pb are 40.5,34.0,29.8,32.9,38.8 and 32.1 m,respectively.(3)The alkaline environment stimulates the migration of Al,Cr,Fe,Mn,and Pb,whereas Ba migrates farther under acidic conditions.The farthest migration distance of Ba is 31.6 m under pH 3.(4)The enhanced Nemerow index indicates that when stress damage increases from 0.76 to 0.95,the areas with poor water quality increase from 0 to 1.71%,and no area is classified as very poor grade.When the initial pH changes from 3 to 11,100%of the region is classified as fair or above.The initial pH of the CGB has a relatively slight influence on the groundwater environment.This study provides experimental data and theoretical basis for the environmental evaluation of CGB.

Landscape pattern change of a typical region in the Kubuqi Desert, Northwestern China

Spatial pattern analysis is the core component in landscape ecology research.We analyzed the landscape pattern and dynamic process of the Kubuqi Desert by using a typical region as a study area.This study area includes four towns;ShuLinZhao,WangAiZhao,BaiNiJing and JiGeSiTai.The area of cropland,fixed sand dune,woodland,residential area and wetland increased and centralized gradually,while the area of semi-fixed sand dune,drifting sand dune,meadow and washland decreased and dispersed gradually from 1987 to 2003.On the landscape level,the patch shape tended to be regular,and the landscape pattern tended to be simple,causing the fragmentation degree,heterogeneity and diversity of the landscape to decrease.Fixed sand dune.Semi-fixed sand dune,drifting sand dune,meadow and river flood plains were the five main export classes,and residential area,cropland and wetland were the three main import classes.The classes that had a relatively large total area and large average patch area had a smaller extent of gravity center migration,whereas the classes with small total area and small average patch area had a larger extent of gravity center migration;this is because the small patches are easily influenced by human activities or natural factors.In addition,the desertification area and desertification degree reduced gradually in the study area during the period from 1987 to 2003.

利用HYSPLIT模型分析茶园假眼小绿叶蝉迁飞扩散行为

【目的】明确假眼小绿叶蝉[Empoasca vitis (G?the)]迁飞扩散行为特征,揭示影响其种群迁飞扩散的关键因素。【方法】利用系留气球悬挂诱虫黄板诱捕不同朝向、不同高度假眼小绿叶蝉,通过HYSPLIT-4气流动力模型和气象数据,分析模拟假眼小绿叶蝉迁飞扩散行为。通过田间虫口调查,结合种群密度与扩散系数分析,明确推动假眼小绿叶蝉种群分布转化的驱动因素。【结果】假眼小绿叶蝉最高飞行高度为8 m,2~8 m高度内,随高度增加,假眼小绿叶蝉数量逐步下降。HYSPLIT-4气流动力模型分析结果表明,假眼小绿叶蝉迁飞轨迹只与迁飞时间有关,高度对其迁飞轨迹与直线扩散距离没有影响。此外,HYSPLIT-4气流动力模型分析结果还表明,假眼小绿叶蝉24 h直线迁飞距离为35.70~178.10 km。种群密度与扩散系数分析表明,假眼小绿叶蝉有聚集分布和随机分布两种分布型,迁飞和扩散是导致两种分布型转化的重要因素。【结论】借助气流,假眼小绿叶蝉可以实现区域性的迁飞。在种群密度驱动下,假眼小绿叶蝉种群分布存在聚集分布和随机分布的转化,也促使假眼小绿叶蝉种群发生田间扩散和区域性迁飞。因此,假眼小绿叶蝉的防控应以主要防治区为中心,向外扩展200 km的范围内开展统防统治。

四川盆地天府气田沙溪庙组中浅层天然气成藏特征与差异富集规律

以四川盆地天府气田沙溪庙组为例,通过天然气成因来源、输导体系和运聚过程等分析,建立天然气成藏模式,揭示天然气运聚机制和富集高产主控因素。结果表明:天府气田沙溪庙组天然气整体以须家河组来源的煤型气为主,东北部存在下侏罗统来源的油型气;各规模气源断层输导依次起到“主导、补充、调节”作用,建立它源逆断层输导强运聚、它源逆断层输导中等运聚、混源正逆断层输导中等运聚、自源正断层输导弱运聚4类成藏模式;断源配置、断砂配置、关键期古构造、河道储层差异是控制天然气运聚和差异富集的主控因素。研究成果有利于深化四川盆地中浅层天然气成藏与富集规律认识,对类似地区中浅层天然气的勘探开发具有借鉴意义。

基于CycleGAN算法的凤翔木版年画色彩特征迁移研究

目的为传承保护和创新发展陕西地区非物质文化遗产——凤翔木版年画,解决传统手工艺色彩复原难、图案组合创新效率低等问题,通过生成对抗网络与凤翔木版年画结合的方式,多维度推动其发展。方法通过高清扫描、自适应阈值检测法、标准色值提取及数据增广等方式对其进行系统性归纳总结与标准化采集存储,建立凤翔木版年画数据集,利用CycleGAN算法训练网络模型以完成迁移实验。结果通过艺术与技术的结合,不仅完成了年画墨线稿的色彩复原,还完成了创新设计图案的快速着色。结论在凤翔木版年画的史料复原与设计应用方面,通过现代设计方法与色彩风格迁移功能的结合,使其在适应现代发展趋势、完成活态传承任务的同时,为同类研究提供新思路。

不同温度下抗生素在施炭土中迁移规律的研究

为了解不同温度下活性炭对土壤中抗生素迁移的影响,基于土柱试验和数值模拟研究了盐酸土霉素在施炭土中的纵向迁移机制.土柱试验结果表明,在土壤中加入低含量的活性炭可以增强土壤对抗生素的吸附作用,抑制抗生素在土壤中的迁移.数值模拟结果表明,土壤中加入的活性炭含量越大,施炭土的吸附分配系数越大,对抗生素的吸附能力越强,进而可有效降低抗生素在土壤中的迁移效率.最后基于理论计算值和实际反演值对施炭土的吸附分配系数进行了修正.

基于融合知识迁移网络的变工况轴承故障模式识别

针对基于迁移学习的故障诊断方法无法充分利用目标域数据,并且要求运行条件平稳,提出了一种基于融合知识迁移网络的变工况轴承故障模式识别方法。将输入瞬时转速作为工况信息输入到稀疏自动编码器中,从而充分利用目标域信息,使操作信息不必只利用局部振动数据集,而可以将整个操作信息纳入模型进行训练,并且通过模型训练大大降低了学习过程中负迁移的风险。然后利用深度卷积神经网络从原始振动中提取特征,通过两种知识迁移模型的结合,建立了融合知识迁移模型。最后,在滚动轴承实验测试台上的实验结果验证了该方法能够在变工况条件下实现有效的故障识别。

融合书画艺术元素的家居软装饰图案优化设计及应用

目的利用中国书画元素对家居软装饰图案进行优化设计。方法在分析中国书画艺术元素特点和内容的基础上,结合家居软装饰的构成因素及风格特征,将构图、线条、赋色和笔墨应用于软装饰的优化设计中。随后将基于卷积神经网络的超分辨率模型(Efficient Sub-Pixel Convolutional Neural Network,ESPCN)与Laplace算子相结合,形成Laplace-ESPCN模型,由此进行整体装饰图案的迁移,提出了基于泊松融合的局部迁移方法并加以完善。结果所提出的整体装饰图案迁移模型在噪声密度超过50%时,品质因素仍然在0.5左右,并且峰值信噪比最低可达40 dB。将其与泊松融合的局部迁移结合后,目标区域分割下人数占比均在50%附近。结论所提出的Laplace-ESPCN整体图案迁移模型得到的图像质量较高,具有更好的降噪效果。与泊松融合的局部迁移方法结合后,所得图像边缘更加平滑,可以在家居软装饰图案优化设计中有效应用,具有一定的推广价值。

Unexpected divergence in magnetoreceptor MagR from robin and pigeon linked to two sequence variations

Birds exhibit extraordinary mobility and remarkable navigational skills,obtaining guidance cues from the Earth’s magnetic field for orientation and long-distance movement.Bird species also show tremendous diversity in navigation strategies,with considerable differences even within the same taxa and among individuals from the same population.The highly conserved iron and iron-sulfur cluster binding magnetoreceptor(MagR)protein is suggested to enable animals,including birds,to detect the geomagnetic field and navigate accordingly.Notably,MagR is also implicated in other functions,such as electron transfer and biogenesis of iron-sulfur clusters,raising the question of whether variability exists in its biochemical and biophysical features among species,particularly birds.In the current study,we conducted a comparative analysis of MagR from two different bird species,including the migratory European robin(Erithacus rubecula)and the homing pigeon(Columba livia).Sequence alignment revealed an extremely high degree of similarity between the MagRs of these species,with only three sequence variations.Nevertheless,two of these variations underpinned significant differences in metal binding capacity,oligomeric state,and magnetic properties.These findings offer compelling evidence for the marked differences in MagR between the two avian species,potentially explaining how a highly conserved protein can mediate such diverse functions.

1990—2020年滇中城市群耕地非农化时空变化特征及驱动机制

[目的]通过分析滇中城市群30年耕地非农化的演变路径、时空变化特征及驱动机制,为滇中城市群耕地资源的保护及精准管理提供理论依据。[方法]基于滇中城市群土地利用数据和统计年鉴数据,运用重心迁移模型、变化轨迹模型、空间自相关分析、主成分分析等方法揭示1990—2020年滇中城市群耕地非农化过程、空间分布特征及主要驱动因素。[结果](1)从时间上看,滇中城市群耕地非农化面积呈波动下降趋势,2000年前后由年均增加约6.88×10^(3)hm^(2)转变为年平均减少约2.66×10^(4)hm^(2),受政策、经济和城市化影响导致其变化最剧烈。从空间上看,耕地非农化集中分布于滇中城市群的中部、东部、东南部和东北部地区。(2)30年来,滇中城市群耕地非农化在空间分布上趋于均衡,区域间耕地非农化差异变小,空间格局趋于稳定。(3)滇中城市群耕地主要转出为林地和草地,少部分转化为建设用地,变化型耕地中有54.60%与草地相关,29.33%与林地相关,4.64%与建设用地相关,主要发生在滇中城市群的中部、北部、东南部和西北部的局部区域。(4)滇中城市群耕地非农化存在显著的空间聚集效应,以高—高聚集和低—低聚集为主,高—高聚集主要分布在中部、北部和东南部,低—低集聚主要分布在西北部、西部和西南部。(5)滇中城市群耕地非农化受社会经济和自然条件共同影响。社会经济中的农业人口、国有固定产投资和城市化率是耕地非农化最主要的驱动因素,影响系数分别为-0.18,0.11,0.10;而自然因素年平均降水量和年平均气温在耕地非农化空间分布和扩张过程起着关键性的作用,影响系数分别为0.17,-0.15。[结论]研究结果揭示30年来滇中城市群耕地非农化的时空变化特征、演变路径及驱动机制。对合理利用和保护耕地资源,保障云南省粮食安全具有重要作用,在一定程度上可为滇中城市群的耕地保护和耕地布局优化提供决策参考。

城镇化发展中后期我国农村劳动力迁移年龄模式研究——基于迁移次序和队列差异视角

随着我国城镇化发展进入中后期,农村劳动力迁移呈现增速放缓以及回流趋势,在当前农村人口总量依然庞大、农业与非农部门劳动生产率仍存在较大差距的背景下,上述变化趋势显然有悖于刘易斯二元经济理论框架下的劳动力迁移规律。基于迁移次序和队列差异视角,利用中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据,采用二元选择模型和多层次APC—交叉分类随机效应模型,理论探讨并实证检验我国农村劳动力初次迁移与回流再迁移、不同出生队列劳动力初次迁移的年龄模式差异,以期深入理解劳动力迁移规律并准确研判未来发展趋势。研究发现:第一,回流劳动力的再迁移意愿显著大于从未迁移劳动力的初次迁移意愿,在20—45岁的中青年劳动力群体中体现得最为明显;第二,我国农村劳动力初次迁移行为具有典型的年龄特征且存在明显的队列差异,越晚出生队列初次迁移率与年龄倒“U”型关系越显著,尖峰态势越明显。为推动我国城镇化水平持续提升、促进城乡统一劳动力大市场形成,建议应重点围绕提升农村人口自然增长水平、加强中青年劳动力迁移稳定性以及挖掘农村中老年劳动力迁移潜力制定适应性政策。

东北三省人口流出空间格局及影响机制

在东北振兴战略实施20周年之际,东北三省人口流失问题亟待进一步梳理和总结。本文根据2005-2020年各省人口普查以及抽样调查数据,运用迁移网络与人口集聚度进一步细化研究主题的空间尺度并明确东北三省人口流出空间格局。本文基于人力资本迁移理论、新古典微观迁移理论与新空间经济学等构建了东北三省人口外流理论框架,并利用空间计量模型从实证角度验证经济与地方品质因素对东北三省流出人口空间格局的影响。结果表明:东北三省人口流出强度由北向南递减,区域内人口流动围绕哈长城市群与辽中南城市群呈现“一轴”的空间格局;东北三省区域外人口流出空间格局由“块状聚集”向“多点化聚集”转变,一级中心城市分布于京津地区,二级中心城市主要分布于青岛市、上海市、杭州市以及深圳市,三级中心城市广泛分布于山东半岛、长三角城市群与成都市、郑州市、西安市等中西部省会城市;密集区平均以7.76%的城市面积集聚了80.59%的东北三省流出人口,东部沿海城市基本被均值区以及密集区覆盖,中部地区的密集区呈现“点状分布”的格局,西部地区基本被稀疏区覆盖,其中深圳市、天津市、上海市与厦门市的东北三省流出人口集聚度水平显著高于全国其他城市;由于东北三省在产业转型过程中存在结构性失业问题,东北三省区域外流出人口以就业机会为核心驱动力,伴随着我国社会主要矛盾转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾,迁入地的消费服务与基础设施正逐步吸引东北三省人口流入,使东北三省流出人口在经济与地方品质因素的多重作用下向区域外发达地区迁移并呈现空间聚集特征;东北三省人口流出的影响机制在北方与南方城市具有异质性,流向北方城市的人口在地理学第一定律的约束下以就业机会为基础寻求生活成本最小化,流向南方城市的人口已经突破距离的限制并在就业机会的基础上追求人力资本最大化与消费服务多样化。从另一角度佐证,东北三省吸纳就业和满足多元消费需求的能力不足是造成人口流失的主要原因。