Experimental investigation on dilatancy behavior of water-saturated sandstone

It is important to study the dilatancy property of water-saturated rock for understanding the engineering behavior of loaded rock mass. This study carried out the uniaxial and triaxial compressive experiments on the water-saturated red sandstone, analyzed the influences of confining pressure and pore pressure on dilatancy property of water-saturated rock, and discussed the reasonable basis of the stress of dilatancy onset as a strength design parameter of rock engineering, finally established the prediction model of the stress of dilatancy onset under the impacts of confining pressure and pore pressure. The results show that the strength parameters(the stress of dilatancy onset and peak strength) and deformation parameters(axial strain and circumferential strain) of water-saturated sandstone increase with the confining pressure, and the relations can be fitted with a positive linear function. The cohesion and internal friction angle obtained from the stress of dilatancy onset decrease by 11.57% and 7.33%, respectively, when compared with those obtained from the peak strength. The strength parameters and deformation parameters of water-saturated sandstone decrease basically with the increase of pore pressure, in which the relations between strength parameters or axial strain and pore pressure can be fitted with a negative linear function. However, the relation between the peak circumferential strain and the pore pressure should be characterized by a negative exponential function, and the circumferential strain at dilatancy onset isn't affected by the pore pressure.

Soil pressure and pore pressure for seismic design of tunnels revisited: considering water-saturated, poroelastic half-space

This paper describes a systematic study on the fundamental features of seismic soil pressure on underground tunnels, in terms of its magnitude and distribution, and further identifi es the dominant factors that signifi cantly infl uence the seismic soil pressure. A tunnel embedded in water-saturated poroelastic half-space is considered, with a large variety of model and excitation parameters. The primary features of both the total soil pressure and the pore pressure are investigated. Taking a circular tunnel as an example, the results are presented using a fi nite element-indirect boundary element(FE-IBE) method, which can account for dynamic soil-tunnel interaction and solid frame-pore water coupling. The effects of tunnel stiffness, tunnel buried depth and input motions on the seismic soil pressure and pore pressure are also examined. It is shown that the most crucial factors that dominate the magnitude and distribution of the soil pressure are the tunnel stiffness and dynamic soil-tunnel interaction. Moreover, the solid frame-pore water coupling has a prominent infl uence on the magnitude of the pore pressure. The fi ndings are benefi cial to obtain insight into the seismic soil pressure on underground tunnels, thus facilitating more accurate estimation of the seismic soil pressure.

The Relationship between the Typhoon Storm in Fujian and Circulation Circumstances

The cases of landing and impact of the heavy rain of typhoon in Fujian are analyzed. From the research of the mainly weather systems which caused heavy rain and the distribution characteristics of atmospheric circulation situation field, we conclude that on the basis of Fujian special geographical location and terrain, there are four types (easterly jet, warm-type sheer, inverted V-shaped trough of typhoon, westerly trough) are conductive to the circulation patterns of causing the heavy rain of typhoon. Through studying a number of typical model cases of heavy rain of typhoon, we can reveal the mechanism which causes the heavy rain of typhoon by the mostly influencing systems in different circulation backgrounds and the causes of the heavy rain of typhoon.

EVOLUTION OF URBAN SYSTEM IN NEW ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES AND PLANNING COUNTERMEASURES

Urban system is the spatial reflection of the inner-deep social economic movement. New economic circumstances not only make the evolution of urban system present one brand-new landscape, but also put forward a new subject for planning of urban system. This article analyzes the properties of the traditional economic process and its essential effect on urban system; it makes a complete survey on the properties of new economic circumstances and its effect on re-forming of urban system; the complicated influential process and result are concluded into the aspects, such as new growth motive force, new economic organization, new location factor and new spatial phenomenon, and its inner effect mechanism in shown as well. In this article, the change process of urban system space is explained in four aspects: (1) dissimulation in the process of spatial agglomeration and diffusion; (2) change of “center-periphery” effect; (3) acceleration growth of axial regions; (4) re-forming of the world and regional urban system. Based on the above theoretical analysis and the properties & requests of new economic circumstances, this article finally puts forward four philosophies emphasized by urban system planning, and forms the new frame for drawing-up of urban system planning.

Circumstances of falls and fall-related injuries among frail elderly under home care in China

This exploratory study investigated the circumstances of falls and fall-related injuries among frail elderly people under home care.A convenience sample of 500 frail elderly(60 e99 years old)from the Wanshoulu and Yuyuantan communities in Beijing's Haidian District during February 2013 and March 2014.Fall circumstances and related injuries were characterized by detailed interviews and questionnaires.The article reports the results of a study that the overall fall incidence was 41.5%,and higher for females than males.Falls mainly occurred in individuals who were over 80 years old(50.0%)and indoors(67.9%).The percentage of subjects who experienced a combined injury after the fall was 56.3%,whereas 19.0%fell causes a fracture.Approximately 35%of the subjects were hospitalized,and 27.6%of the subjects recovered more than 30 days.Results indicate that,falls in the frail elderly caused serious damage,and fall-related circumstances should be a great concern in this population.

Nonproliferation under New Circumstances of Counter-Terrorism

Since the end of the Cold War, the non-proliferation work on Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) has gradually become the first priority in the field of arms control and international security. With the unswerving efforts by international community, enormous progress has been made in the construction .

Re-discussing the content of the prescription rights of midwives under certain circumstances using the Delphi method

Objective： This study sought to investigate the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types of midwives under certain circumstances in China. Methods： The Delphi method was used to consult 18 nursing experts and 14 medical experts, A total of 30 experts finished the consulting. The reliability of the expert opinions was analyzed to determine the specific situations in which midwives may write prescriptions, the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types. Results： In six specific circumstances （uterine contraction fatigue, uterine contractions that are too strong, postpartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of the membranes, normal delivery and neonatal asphyxia）, midwives have the right to prescribe and administer medication, including 20 drugs and 13 auxiliary examinations. Of these drugs and examinations, 51.5% of the drugs and adjuvant examination prescriptions tend to be independent prescriptions, 30.3% tend to be protocol prescriptions, and 18.2% are similar to both types. Conclusions： The midwives should be granted some prescription rights to enhance their autonomy and the professionalism of midwifery.

THE INVESTMENT CIRCUMSTANCES AND ITS CLASSIFICATION APPRAISAL OF CHANGJIANG RIVER DELTA

ＴＨＥＩＮＶＥＳＴＭＥＮＴＣＩＲＣＵＭＳＴＡＮＣＥＳＡＮＤＩＴＳＣＬＡＳＳＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＡＰＰＲＡＩＳＡＬＯＦＣＨＡＮＧＪＩＡＮＧＲＩＶＥＲＤＥＬＴＡＸｕＧａｎｇ（许刚）ＳｈｅＺｈｉｘｉａｎｇ（佘之祥）ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｇ...

HEALTH INVESTIGATION ON WOMEN WORKERS LABOURING UNDER THE LOW LEAD DENSITY CIRCUMSTANCES IN A FACTORY (PRECIS)

We have investigated the workers labouring under the law,lead density circumstances and the women workers health throughthe contrasting groups.They work in such a condition that thedensity of low lead is somewhat over the standard.We haveanalysed their biomaterials:sign,symptom,urinelead,C,P,bloodlead,F,E,P,and bloodurine routine,explored partiallythe relation of dosage reaction and the relevant coefficient,

China's Foreign Policy under New Circumstances (Ⅱ)

The Iraq war and the North Korean nuclear crisis are the two big events that are attracting worldwide attention. The many debates and changes that have arisen around the globe from these two issues, with the former in particular, cannot but cause

Innovative Thought of Tendering Management Mechanism of Universities and Colleges in China under New Circumstances ——Taking North China Electric Power University as an Example

Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has attached growing importance to education, and has invested more resources and funds into higher education. In addition, the government has also invested large amounts of funds and technologies in the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges. The undertakings related to the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges in China are complicated in essence. Therefore, funds and technologies of the highest standards should be introduced. At the same time, external tendering is necessary for some undertakings. Currently, the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges in China is the traditional, which is ridden with some problems to be resolved in the shortest possible period. This paper focuses on the current problems of the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges and their solutions. Taking the tendering model in the undertakings of North China Electric Power University as an example, it notes setbacks of the traditional tendering model, and provides kind of theoretical support for establishing a new tendering model for universities and colleges and the related enterprises in China.

Application and Pullback of the Risk- assumption Principle under Special Circumstances

The risk-assumption principle in infringement is widely used in sport injuries,which is accepted in both the theoretical circle and the juridical practice in China. If the personal injury on the sports ground is not caused by wrongful conducts,the risk-assumption principle is applied,and the doer does not assume compensation liability. If the personal injury is caused by illegality or purposeful illegality to cause personal injury,the risk-assumption principle shall be pulled back totally or partially,and the fault-offset principle and fairly-share-loss principle shall be applied to balance the interests of the two parties. However,under some special circumstances,it is difficult to judge whether there are wrongly conducts; fromthe controversial sports phenomena and sports subjects,this paper analyzes the application and pullback of the risk-assumption principle under some special circumstances.

Opening-up Policy of China under New Circumstances:Objectives,Challenges and Development Trends

Since the implementation of the great strategic decision of reform and opening up made by the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of CPC,with more than 30 years’rapid development,China has made world-acknowledged achievements—the economic aggregate and

电子商务人才创新培养路径研究

研究新电商业态下的电子商务人才创新培养发展路径,有助于深入了解电子商务行业的发展趋势和特点,明确专业人才的培养目标和方向,为电子商务行业提供高素质、具有创新精神和创业能力的人才。从简述研究现状入手,明晰研究方法和研究计划,定位人才培养目标,分析电子商务人才创新培养过程中需要解决的关键问题并提出解决方案。通过研究新电商业态下电子商务专业人才的创新培养路径,推动高校电子商务教育教学的改革与发展,提高教育质量,为后续深入研究积累理论与实践经验。

广东省中老年人心血管疾病知识获取行为现状分析

目的了解广东省中老年人心血管疾病知识的获取行为现状,为心血管疾病知识的有效传播提供有价值的参考依据。方法2023年9—10月,采用心血管疾病知识获取行为现状调查表,通过线下与线上相结合的方式对广东省中老年人进行调查分析。结果调查共获取500份有效问卷,男女比例约为2∶3。认知情况分析得出,广东省中老年人心血管疾病知识平均总得分为12.8分(总分20分),处于中等水平;性别(Z=4.504,P<0.01)和居住地(Z=2.602,P<0.01)不同的中老年人心血管疾病知识总得分不同,差异具有统计学意义。获取行为情况分析得出,中老年人获取心血管疾病知识的首要动机是满足自身疾病防治需要,另有121人纯粹是无意间听到和看到,占比近1/4;医务人员是中老年人获取心血管疾病知识最信任且最普遍的渠道,其次是家人朋友、传统媒体和纸质资料,中老年人对新媒体的信任度不如传统媒体,但微信和百度作为利用率最高的新媒体,已非常接近传统媒体;健康信息太多且良莠不齐是困扰中老年人使用新媒体获取心血管疾病知识的主要问题;86.2%的中老年人认为获取的心血管疾病知识对他们有显著效用,并将其主要用于以饮食、作息、锻炼为代表的生活方式的健康化转变上;获取偏好情况分析得出,中老年人最为关注的心血管疾病知识类型是医疗相关信息和养生保健信息,占比分别为71.40%和71.2%;具体到心血管疾病知识的呈现形式上,中老年人最喜欢视频,其次是知识讲座和宣传手册。结论广东省中老年人心血管疾病知识处于中等水平,认知存在浅层化问题,性别与城乡差异是主要影响因素;疾病防治需求驱动该人群的知识获取,其中信息偶遇现象值得关注;新媒体虽逐渐成为信息获取渠道,但在信任度方面尚有待提升;此外,知识获取对该群体的赋能效用较显著,集中表现为生活方式的健康化转变。由此可见,中老年人心血管疾病知识科普仍大有可为。

千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置初始磁场电源系统研制

初始磁场电源系统用于激励千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置的初级线圈产生初始磁场,是内爆磁压缩装置的关键设备。在分析千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置初始磁场电源需求和技术难点的基础上,系统设计了核心部件选择方案和主脉冲电路及控制系统结构,研制成功一套输出电压1~40 kV可调、主放电电流脉冲上升沿约60μs、总峰值电流达3.2 MA的初始磁场电源系统,已应用于千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置动态试验。

《民法典合同编通则解释》的理解与适用

原《合同法》及相关司法解释废止后时隔三年,《民法典合同编通则解释》在各界期盼中发布施行。在适用范围上,《民法典合同编通则解释》既适用于合同纠纷案件,也适用于非合同纠纷案件,除非依其性质不能适用;在覆盖内容上,《民法典合同编通则解释》内容丰富、亮点纷呈、形式创新,条文与司法案例配套同步出台,可形成组合效应;在时间效力上,《民法典合同编通则解释》可以溯及既往;在思维方法上,《民法典合同编通则解释》尊重立法原意,不作创新性续造,思路清晰,结构合理,方法科学。此外,为帮助正确理解适用《民法典合同编通则解释》的相关条款,还对譬如从无到有的情势变更条款的前世今生、前因后果及其与不可抗力的区别和联系作了梳理分析,并提出了修改完善《海商法》的立法建议。

论我国最低刑事责任年龄规定的规范适用

《刑法修正案(十一)》附条件地降低了最低刑事责任年龄,《刑法》第17条第3款的适用应持谨慎态度,类案中对情节恶劣的判断应当坚持主客观综合评价的标准。最高人民检察院核准追诉仅是程序条件,是否负刑事责任仍应当由法院判决确定。核准追诉应当以不核准为原则,以核准为例外,具体应当重点考察除前几项条件以外的能够不核准的事由。对已满12周岁不满14周岁被核准追诉的被告人裁判时,应当同时适用《刑法》第49条和第17条第4款的规定,不能判处死刑或无期徒刑。在低龄未成年人犯罪的案件中,刑法的公平正义并不全部体现于对犯罪人的惩罚与保护,也有部分体现于安抚被害人的情绪,需要构建更加全面的被害人安抚制度。未成年人司法应避免被情绪干扰,以确保实质正义的实现。

波兰中文教育:发展样态、现实境遇与因应对策

加强国别中文教育研究,有助于形成更加精准的传播方式,提升中文国际传播效能。波兰中文教育的迅速发展,得益于中波两国政治交往、经贸往来、语言教育互动和波兰汉学研究历史等因素在当地形成的合力。同时,波兰的中文教育发展面临教育普及度低、教学发展不均、教育资源不足、新冠疫情影响等挑战。为此,提出协助提高中文教育在波兰各学段的普及度,着力促进波兰各地中文教育的均衡化发展,培养适应波兰各学段教学的本土中文教师,构建贴近波兰教学实际的本土化教材机制,开发革新多主体参与的共建共享教育资源,推进中文早日纳入波兰国民教育体系。

可罚的违法性理论之述评与借鉴——兼论情节犯情节要件之定位

在日本,为平抑程序法中检察官独占主义和便宜主义的原则,需要从实体法上寻求一种控制公诉权滥用的策略,可罚的违法性理论应运而生。目前,可罚的违法性经历了从违法性否定说到区分说的转变,正面临违法整体性和相对性的解释难题。妥当的做法应为:将质和绝对轻微型量的违法性判断作为构成要件符合性的判断,而将相对轻微型量的违法性判断作为违法性的判断,并从规范的“指引功能”和“裁判功能”两个不同视角对违法的整体性与相对性进行解读。尽管中外立法模式各异,但可罚的违法性理论在解决我国传统刑法理论难题方面仍有积极意义,如借鉴可罚的违法性“分散归属”定位的做法,可将我国刑法中情节犯之情节要件分散归属至犯罪论体系中的各阶层。