Tracking and Monitoring Leaf Development, Coupling Law and Regulation Techniques during Flowering Period of Hybrid Foxtail Millet (<i>Setaria italica</i>(L.) P. Beauv.) Parental Lines

The determining factor of Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. is the coupling of its flowering stage and outcrossing rate which leads to low and unstable seed yields in self-pollinated foxtail millet hybrids and thereby limits their large-scale application. In this study, Datong 27, Datong 29 and gu 83 were screened and identified through meticulous observations of their pollination habitats. High exposure rate, degree of exposure and plump of stigma are good factors to accept foreign pollen. Datong 27 and Datong 29 have some additional characteristics, such as long filaments and exposed and full anthers that contain a large amount of pollen. We transformed into a series of stigma-exposed and plump sterile lines that easily accepted exotic pollen. New restorer lines with anthers that were full of powder and exhibited quick recovery, which improved the parental lines’ heterosexual characteristics. By tracking and monitoring the leaf development of the new sterile and restorer lines, a coupling law of leaf development was determined and a series of flowering control measures were formulated. These factors ensured that the parental lines encounter one another during the flowering stage. By utilizing fertilizer and water, the vitality of the female stigma, amount of powder scattered and powder loosening time were prolonged, which increased hybrid seed yields from 1500 to 3000 kg/hm2. These findings were helpful in resolving the technical problems of seed production that restricted the propagation of foxtail millet hybrids and supporting future large-scale applications.

Magnetoelectric coupling effect of polarization regulation in BiFeO_(3)/LaTiO_(3)heterostructures

An effective regulation of the magnetism and interface of ferromagnetic materials is not only of great scientific significance,but also has an urgent need in modern industry.In this work,by using the first-principles calculations,we demonstrate an effective approach to achieve non-volatile electrical control of ferromagnets,which proves this idea in multiferroic heterostructures of ferromagnetic La TiO_(3)and ferroelectric Bi FeO_(3).The results show that the magnetic properties and two-dimensional electron gas concentrations of La TiO_(3)films can be controlled by changing the polarization directions of Bi FeO_(3).The destroyed symmetry being introduced by ferroelectric polarization of the system leads to the transfer and reconstruction of the Ti-3 d electrons,which is the fundamental reason for the changing of magnetic properties.This multiferroic heterostructures will pave the way for non-volatile electrical control of ferromagnets and have potential applications.

Online frequency and power regulation scheme of magnetic coupled resonant wireless power transfer

In order to address the issues that the magnetic coupled resonant wireless power transfer （MCR-WPT） system is sensitive to the resonant frequency and that transmission power is difficult to control with the non-resistive load in the MCR-WPT, a single-side regulation scheme for frequency and transmission power online is proposed, which is based on the inherent constraint relationships the among system parameters in the primary side. Thus, the communication between the primary side and the secondary side is avoided. First, the transfer models of resistance-capacitance load and resistance- inductance load are established, respectively. Next, the relationship between the input voltage phasor and the input current phasor is used to recognize the load property and value. Then, the coaxial rotation of the stepper motor and the rotating vacuum variable capacitor is conducted to unify resonant frequency both in the primary side and the secondary side. Finally, the regulations of both frequency and amplitude of input voltage are made to guarantee transmission power under a new resonant frequency point the same as the one when the only pure resistance part of load is accessed under the former resonant frequency point. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed regulation scheme can track remnant frequency and maintain transmission power constant.

The incorporation of emotion-regulation skills into couple-and family-based treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is a disabling, potentially chronic disorder that is characterized by re-experience and hyperarousal symptoms as well as the avoidance of trauma-related stimuli. The distress experienced by many veterans of the Vietnam War and their partners prompted a strong interest in developing conjoint interventions that could both alleviate the core symptoms of PTSD and strengthen family bonds. We review the evolution of and evidence base for conjoint PTSD treatments from the Vietnam era through the post-911 era. Our review is particularly focused on the use of treatment strategies that are designed to address the emotions that are generated by the core symptoms of the disorder to reduce their adverse impact on veterans, their partners and the relationship. We present a rationale and evidence to support the direct incorporation of emotion-regulation skills training into conjoint interventions for PTSD. We begin by reviewing emerging evidence suggesting that high levels of emotion dysregulation are characteristic of and predict the severity of both PTSD symptoms and the level of interpersonal/marital difficulties reported by veterans with PTSD and their family members. In doing so, we present a compelling rationale for the inclusion of formal skills training in emotional regulation in couple–/family-based PTSD treatments. We further argue that increased exposure to trauma-related memories and emotions in treatments based on learning theory requires veterans and their partners to learn to manage the uncomfortable emotions that they previously avoided. Conjoint treatments that were developed in the last 30 years all acknowledge the importance of emotions in PTSD but vary widely in their relative emphasis on helping participants to acquire strategies to modulate them compared to other therapeutic tasks such as learning about the disorder or disclosing the trauma to a loved one. We conclude our review by describing two recent innovative treatments for PTSD that incorporate a special emphasis on emotion-regulation skills training in the dyadic context: structured approach therapy(SAT) and multi-family group for military couples(MFG-MC). Although the incorporation of emotion-regulation skills into conjoint PTSD therapies appears promising, replication and comparison to cognitive-behavioral approaches is needed to refine our understanding of which symptoms and veterans might be more responsive to one approach versus others.

Investigation into PCB Routing Loss for Coupled Inductor Based VR (Voltage Regulator) Design in Server Computing System

Coupled inductor is one appealing technology to improve transient response and reduce output decoupling significantly in interleaved multi-phase voltage regulators (VRs). One well known problem is that coupled inductor winding structure causes PCB routing path longer than discrete inductor design. This paper investigates possible PCB routing schemes for coupled inductor and conducts a fair and quantitative comparison with discrete inductor in a server VR design. Simulation and measurement are also conducted to verify the analysis.

Predicting Individual Phase Current in Couple Inductor Based Voltage Regulators (VRs)

Coupled inductor is one appealing technology to improve transient response and reduce output decoupling significantly in interleaved multi-phase voltage regulators (VRs). One known problem is that there is no mature solution yet to sense the individual phase current accurately in a lossless way for couple inductor based VRs design. This will impact VR some normal function in one phase mode. This paper proposes a new solution to this problem and simulation is conducted to verify effectiveness of the proposal.

中国省域环境规制与科技创新耦合协调发展研究

环境规制与科技创新耦合协调发展能为实现经济增长与生态文明提供强有力的支撑。该文构建环境规制与科技创新水平评价指标体系,利用耦合协调度模型测算2009—2020年中国30个省域环境规制与科技创新的耦合协调度,并对耦合协调度的时空分布格局进行分析。结果表明:研究期内中国30个省域环境规制与科技创新的耦合协调度整体偏低,尚未达到良性耦合协调发展状态,但呈现上升趋势,增幅呈现“西高东低”特征;各地区耦合协调度发展不均衡,整体呈现“东高西低、南高北低”的空间分布格局,高水平耦合协调区域逐渐从东部沿海向内陆扩张;依据协调等级和特征将各省域划分为创新主动型、技术进步型、环境约束型、传统被动型和创新滞后型,并提出环境规制应结合地区创新能力实施差异化的区域政策等建议。

数字经济、环境规制与可持续发展耦合协调度时空分异及影响因素研究

数字经济和环境规制是可持续发展的重要驱动因素,探讨三者的耦合关系对促进区域经济、社会和环境协调发展具有重要意义。通过对2011—2020年我国30个省份的数字经济、环境规制与可持续发展水平进行测算,构建耦合协调度模型识别三者耦合协调发展的时空分异特征,并引入时空地理加权回归模型(GTWR)探究耦合协调度的影响因素。研究结果表明:(1)数字经济、环境规制与可持续发展水平呈现波动增长趋势,其中环境规制综合水平最高;(2)三者耦合协调度存在时空差异,时间层面上全国耦合协调度位于中等和良好协调之间,总体呈现“W”型上升态势,空间层面上“链条式”和“组团式”特征明显,呈现“马太效应”;(3)耦合协调度存在显著的空间自相关性,局部上表现为“高—高”“低—低”集聚模式;(4)产业结构、政府能力和国际贸易是耦合协调度提升的主要因素,研发资金、人口压力成为抑制因素。

环境规制与知识产权保护耦合协调对绿色增长的影响

“双碳”目标背景下,环境规制与知识产权保护的政策协同对破除绿色技术创新“双重外部性”困境,驱动绿色增长具有重要现实价值。基于2006—2020年省际面板数据,采用系统GMM模型,探讨环境规制与知识产权保护耦合协调对绿色增长的影响与中介机制。研究发现:环境规制与知识产权保护耦合协调对绿色增长的影响呈显著“U”型关系,目前全国耦合协调水平总体尚处于抑制绿色增长的阶段;在上述“U”型影响中,研发投入强度、资本错配在资本投入层面分别发挥部分中介效应,技术创新质量、技术交易活跃度在技术创新层面分别发挥部分中介效应,产业结构合理化、产业结构高级化在产业结构层面分别发挥部分中介效应。

考虑能流-物流耦合的港口综合能源系统规划关键技术及挑战

能流系统和物流系统深度耦合是未来港口综合能源系统(port integrated energy system,PIES)的关键特征之一,开展考虑能流-物流耦合的PIES规划对港口绿色低碳转型具有重要意义。该文首先从传统港口、绿色港口、近零碳港口3个典型阶段展现PIES的形态结构演变,阐述其发展现状和趋势;其次,分析港口物流系统的用能时空可调性,探究PIES能流-物流耦合机理;在此基础上,分析并构建考虑能流-物流耦合的PIES规划一般性模型,提炼并对比跨(港)区级、港区级和码头级3个层级的PIES规划模型特点和建模要素,梳理并评述不同层级PIES规划关键技术的研究现状;最后,着眼于当前考虑能流-物流耦合后PIES规划中的突出问题,对其未来可能发展方向及挑战进行展望。

细菌转录翻译偶联机制研究

中心法则描述了遗传信息从DNA到RNA再到蛋白质的传递过程。转录过程是RNA聚合酶以DNA为模板合成信使RNA的过程,翻译过程是核糖体利用信使RNA合成蛋白质的过程。与真核生物不同,细菌和古菌没有细胞核膜的分隔,其转录过程和翻译过程在相同时间、相同位置上进行。其中,RNA聚合酶与核糖体相互协同,同步完成转录和翻译的现象被称为转录翻译偶联。转录翻译偶联是细菌和古菌的一种重要基因调控机制,能同时有效地调控转录过程和翻译过程,是细菌适应复杂环境的重要生物学基础。数十年来,大量的研究逐步揭示了细菌转录翻译偶联机制在细菌基因表达调控中的作用,一系列参与转录翻译偶联过程的调控因子也被鉴定发现。近期,基于不同偶联状态的转录翻译偶联复合体结构的突破性研究,首次系统地展示了在不同信使RNA间距下,转录翻译偶联过程的动态变化,为后续研究转录翻译偶联基因调控机制提供了理论基础。

考虑水动力条件及水系连通的平原河网圩区畅流活水方案

针对平原河网地区水动力条件不足等问题,以嘉兴市新塍镇为例,探究不同畅流活水方案对河道水质的改善效果。构建MIKE11水动力学水质耦合模型,分析“引水/水系连通—水质”驱动响应规律,以NH3-N浓度为主要指标,分析不同活水方案的水质改善效果,并提出优化调控方案。结果表明,集中引水对区域水质改善影响较小,分散设置多个引水点可明显提高水质;直接对水质较差河道进行补水,污染物消减率在8%~30%之间,水质改善效果较明显;合理的水系连通工程可进一步增加畅流活水方案水质改善效果。

山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合协调测度及优化调控

山区铁路沿线地形复杂,桥梁占比高。为科学评估及优化山区铁路桥梁与区域环境协调状况,促进山区铁路桥梁与区域环境高质量协调发展,提出了一种山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合协调优化调控模型。在分析山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合作用的基础上,从设计视角构建山区铁路桥梁绿色设计要素及特征指标体系,并运用CRITIC法提取绿色设计关键要素;结合时间累积效应,以绿色设计关键要素为着手点,通过分析山区铁路桥梁可持续能力和环境承载水平,构建了山区铁路“桥梁-环境”复合系统耦合协调模型,对山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合协调程度进行测度,并以耦合协调指数最大化为目标函数建立反映“桥梁-环境”复合系统动态反馈机制的优化调控模型,运用粒子群优化算法求解,并提出了使山区铁路桥梁与区域环境向高质量协调发展的管控方案。优化结果表明,在保证“桥梁可持续能力≤环境承载水平”且获得偏离度最小的前提下,绿色设计关键要素优化比例分布于2%~40%,“桥梁-环境”耦合协调指数达到最大值622.4。该研究提高了桥梁与区域环境的协调发展水平,可为山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合协调状况评估及桥梁绿色设计提供新思路。

安徽省环境规制、技术创新与经济高质量发展的时空耦合分析

全球碳减排的背景下,如何在注重环境问题的情况下实现经济高质量发展成为各国经济发展的主题。以安徽省为例,研究环境规制、技术创新与经济高质量发展的时空耦合性,从多个维度构建评价指标体系,利用熵值法、耦合协调模型等,从三系统及两两系统角度分析各系统间耦合协调度的大小及时空分布特征与变化。研究表明:时序上,安徽省环境规制显著,技术创新水平与经济发展质量稳步提高,三个系统间逐步有序发展;空间上,安徽省内系统间耦合状况存在地区异质性。三系统间耦合度特征逐步“低差异、平均化”,耦合协调度呈现出东高西低的趋势;两两系统间,环境与技术、环境与经济的作用高于技术与经济的作用,系统间耦合质量提升,耦合协调度以合肥市为中心,展现出“中心高、外围低”的结构特征。

刮板输送机多永磁电机串联驱动新模式及关键技术

装备智能化是煤炭行业高质量发展的必然趋势,伴随着煤矿超大采高、超长工作面的建设,刮板输送机不断朝着重型长运距的方向发展,并且永磁直驱已逐渐取代“异步电机+减速器”成为刮板输送机的主要驱动方式,而传统双驱动刮板输送机存在停机率高、煤流分布不均且能耗大、跟踪性能差的问题,尤其长运距下链条张力波动大造成驱动电机电路涌动,已成为制约我国刮板输送机智能化发展的主要难题。根据刮板输送机面临的主要问题和发展需求,提出了刮板输送机多永磁电机串联“驱动-传动”输送新模式,并阐述了多永磁电机串联驱动刮板输送机这一研究领域涉及的关键技术研究现状,包括刮板输送机故障诊断与状态识别技术、多电机串联驱动“机-电”耦合动力学特性、多永磁电机同步控制技术、多智能体自适应协同控制,对于多驱动刮板输送机的设计研发具有一定的适应性和借鉴性;针对刮板输送机多永磁电机串联驱动系统研究面临的难题,将该系统分为4项关键科学技术:①多驱动刮板输送机新构型设计;②多驱动刮板输送机非线性机-电耦合动力学建模;③多驱动刮板输送机链条张力脉动与主动控制;④串联驱动刮板输送机主动容错与自适应协同控制;从结构设计与优化、整机运维控制实现刮板输送机多永磁电机串联驱动系统技术攻关,提高刮板输送机的智能化水平,促进煤机高端装备的水平和发展。

直通调节阀内流场流道分析

随着油田的大量开发,油气井的工作情况更加复杂,一些出砂井常用螺杆泵,为了满足不同井深和产液量的需求,需要对压力调节阀进行检测。此次设计一种直通调节阀,在进出口压力一定的情况下,模拟仿真所设计的调节阀是否具有一定的稳定调节性能。调节阀又称控制阀,基于SOLIDWORKS三维模型,利用Fluent软件对其进行数值模拟,通过不同开度下的阀芯进行对比,通过分析压力云图、速度云图和流线图分析其流动规律。结果表明:(1)随着阀门开度的增大,阀芯阀座间流通面积变大,流速随着阀门开度的增加而减小。(2)随着阀门开度的不断增大,内流场压力会出现明显的变化。(3)随着阀门开度的增加,调节阀内流场会出现明显的漩涡。利用ANASYS软件进行流-固耦合,联合使用流场模块、静力场模块和温度场模块对调节阀内流场进行应力形变,当流体进入时,调节阀内流场发生应力形变比较稳定。以上所有模拟结果均符合实际情况,具有良好的稳定调节性能。

基于双电容器耦合和线性补偿的高稳定度平顶脉冲强磁场调控系统分析与设计

平顶脉冲磁场具备脉冲磁场强度高和稳态磁场稳定度高的双重优势,是现代物理科学研究的重要工具。为满足脉冲场核磁共振、I-V测量等科学实验对平顶脉冲磁场高稳定度的需求,该文提出基于双电容器回路耦合放电和线性补偿的平顶磁场调控方案。为此,理论分析双电容器回路耦合放电过程,建立配置主/辅回路电容电压和放电时序的优化方法,基于IGBT有源区的流控特性,设计线性调节补偿回路和前馈反馈相结合的控制器,研制与主磁体解耦的1 T补偿磁体,对双电容器回路耦合放电产生的背景磁场进行高精度调控,最终实现了强度为45.2 T、持续时间为8 ms以及稳定度为0.02%的平顶脉冲磁场,满足相关固态核磁共振等科学实验需求。

基于三绕组耦合电感的准Z源高增益DC-DC变换器

针对清洁能源并网发电系统中直流升压变换器的现有技术缺陷,提出一种新型的准Z源高升压DC-DC变换器。该变换器通过将准Z源网络与独特的耦合电感集成结构结合,能在较低的占空比和匝比下实现高电压增益。拓扑中的钳位回路回收了储存在耦合电感漏感中的能量,能有效缓解耦合电感漏感引起的尖峰电压。此外,变换器功率器件电压应力水平较低,便于使用低耐压器件来提高转换效率。输入电流连续以及输入输出共地的特点使得该变换器适合应用于可再生能源场景。详细介绍了所提变换器的工作原理,给出了关键性的公式推导和设计依据,并进行性能比较。最后,设计并搭建一台200 W额定功率的样机进行实验验证,实验结果与理论分析相吻合。

数字技术赋能经济增长与碳排放耦合协调发展

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