With the development of society and economy and increasing awareness of people's diet and health care,the demand for waxy corn and its processed products has been rising. At present,the planting of waxy corn in Ch...With the development of society and economy and increasing awareness of people's diet and health care,the demand for waxy corn and its processed products has been rising. At present,the planting of waxy corn in Chongqing is taking shape,but the waxy corn processing is still in the initial stage with smaller enterprise scale and fewer processing product variety. Based on the analysis of the development advantages and disadvantages of waxy corn processing industry in Chongqing,this paper brings forward the development ideas and strategies of Chongqing waxy corn processing industry from three aspects of production,processing and policy.展开更多
To lower the retrogradation and digestibility of waxy corn starch for different food applications,a novel thermostable GtfC type 4,6-α-glucanotransferase without N-and C-terminals(GsGtfC)from Geobacillus sp.12AMOR1 w...To lower the retrogradation and digestibility of waxy corn starch for different food applications,a novel thermostable GtfC type 4,6-α-glucanotransferase without N-and C-terminals(GsGtfC)from Geobacillus sp.12AMOR1 was used.Waxy corn starch of 50 g/L was incubated with GsGtfC of 40-100 U/g substrate at 65℃and pH 5.5 for 1 h.Its molecular weight,iodine affinity,XRD crystallinity,and FTIR ratio of heights of bands at 1047 and 1022 cm^(-1) decreased,but ratio of DP<6 to DP≥25 branches and degree of branching increased.GsGtfC cleavedα-1,4-glycosidic bonds and inducedα-1,6-branching points to produce reuteran-likes polymers,which is different from Exiguobacterium sibiricum GtfC enzyme cleavingα-1,4-glycosidic bonds and synthesizing consecutiveα-1,6-glycosidic bonds to produce isomalto/malto-oligosaccharides.GsGtfC modified waxy corn starch had significantly lower DSC retrogradation enthalpies during the storage at 4℃for 3-14 days and significantly lower released glucose during the incubation with mammalian mucosalα-glucosidase at 37℃for 10-360 min.GsGtfC at 100 U/g substrate increased slowly digestible portion from 11.07%to 24.11%.展开更多
The invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)invaded Asia in 2018,colonizing the tropical and southern subtropical regions as well as migrating with the monsoons into Northeast Asia during spring and sum...The invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)invaded Asia in 2018,colonizing the tropical and southern subtropical regions as well as migrating with the monsoons into Northeast Asia during spring and summer.This has resulted in widespread infestations,with significant impacts on maize production in various Asian countries.Previous studies have shown that the invasion of this pest can alter the species relationships of maize pests,but the actual impact on maize pest management is still unclear.This study investigated the changes in maize pest occurrence and pesticide use in the annual breeding areas of S.frugiperda in Yunnan Province and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China during 2017-2021,based on surveys and interviews with small farmers in maize production.The results showed that S.frugiperda has emerged as the dominant species among maize pests after invasion and colonization,replacing traditional pests such as Ostrinia furnacalis,Spodoptera litura,Agrotis ypsilon,and Rhopalosiphum maidis.The variety of pesticides used for maize pest control has changed from chlorpyrifos,lambda-cyhalothrin,and acetamiprid to emamectin benzoate-based pesticides with high effectiveness against S.frugiperda.Furthermore,the frequency of maize pest chemical applications has increased from an average of 5.88 to 7.21 times per season,with the amounts of pesticides used in summer and autumn maize being significantly higher than in winter and spring maize,thereby increasing application costs by more than 35%.The results of this study clarified the impact of S.frugiperda invasion on maize pest community succession and chemical pesticide use in tropical and south subtropical China,thereby providing a baseline for modifying the regional control strategies for maize pests after the invasion of this relatively new pest.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Service Platform Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(cstc2015ptfw-ggfw80001)Agricultural Development Project of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Research and Demonstration of the Key Technology in Adjusting Corn Planting Structure)Soft Science Project of Jiulongpo District Science and Technology Commission in Chongqing Municipality(Study on the Industrialization Layout and Development Strategy of Grain Reform in Chongqing)
文摘With the development of society and economy and increasing awareness of people's diet and health care,the demand for waxy corn and its processed products has been rising. At present,the planting of waxy corn in Chongqing is taking shape,but the waxy corn processing is still in the initial stage with smaller enterprise scale and fewer processing product variety. Based on the analysis of the development advantages and disadvantages of waxy corn processing industry in Chongqing,this paper brings forward the development ideas and strategies of Chongqing waxy corn processing industry from three aspects of production,processing and policy.
基金This work was sponsored in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC-31671801,31371749)the key R&D program(21ZGN38)from Changchun science and technology bureau,the special project of industrial independent innovation capability(2020C036-7)from Jilin provincial development and reform commission+1 种基金the science and technology research planning project(JJKH20220609KJ)from Jilin provincial department of educationthe scholar climbing project(ZKP202006 and ZKP202016)from Changchun University.
文摘To lower the retrogradation and digestibility of waxy corn starch for different food applications,a novel thermostable GtfC type 4,6-α-glucanotransferase without N-and C-terminals(GsGtfC)from Geobacillus sp.12AMOR1 was used.Waxy corn starch of 50 g/L was incubated with GsGtfC of 40-100 U/g substrate at 65℃and pH 5.5 for 1 h.Its molecular weight,iodine affinity,XRD crystallinity,and FTIR ratio of heights of bands at 1047 and 1022 cm^(-1) decreased,but ratio of DP<6 to DP≥25 branches and degree of branching increased.GsGtfC cleavedα-1,4-glycosidic bonds and inducedα-1,6-branching points to produce reuteran-likes polymers,which is different from Exiguobacterium sibiricum GtfC enzyme cleavingα-1,4-glycosidic bonds and synthesizing consecutiveα-1,6-glycosidic bonds to produce isomalto/malto-oligosaccharides.GsGtfC modified waxy corn starch had significantly lower DSC retrogradation enthalpies during the storage at 4℃for 3-14 days and significantly lower released glucose during the incubation with mammalian mucosalα-glucosidase at 37℃for 10-360 min.GsGtfC at 100 U/g substrate increased slowly digestible portion from 11.07%to 24.11%.
基金supported by the Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project China(NT2021003)the earmarked fund for China Agricultural Research System(CARS-02)。
文摘The invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)invaded Asia in 2018,colonizing the tropical and southern subtropical regions as well as migrating with the monsoons into Northeast Asia during spring and summer.This has resulted in widespread infestations,with significant impacts on maize production in various Asian countries.Previous studies have shown that the invasion of this pest can alter the species relationships of maize pests,but the actual impact on maize pest management is still unclear.This study investigated the changes in maize pest occurrence and pesticide use in the annual breeding areas of S.frugiperda in Yunnan Province and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China during 2017-2021,based on surveys and interviews with small farmers in maize production.The results showed that S.frugiperda has emerged as the dominant species among maize pests after invasion and colonization,replacing traditional pests such as Ostrinia furnacalis,Spodoptera litura,Agrotis ypsilon,and Rhopalosiphum maidis.The variety of pesticides used for maize pest control has changed from chlorpyrifos,lambda-cyhalothrin,and acetamiprid to emamectin benzoate-based pesticides with high effectiveness against S.frugiperda.Furthermore,the frequency of maize pest chemical applications has increased from an average of 5.88 to 7.21 times per season,with the amounts of pesticides used in summer and autumn maize being significantly higher than in winter and spring maize,thereby increasing application costs by more than 35%.The results of this study clarified the impact of S.frugiperda invasion on maize pest community succession and chemical pesticide use in tropical and south subtropical China,thereby providing a baseline for modifying the regional control strategies for maize pests after the invasion of this relatively new pest.