Background:Parkinson’s Disease(PD)with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)(PD-MCI)represents one of the most dreaded complications for patients with PD and is associated with a higher risk of developing dementia.Although ...Background:Parkinson’s Disease(PD)with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)(PD-MCI)represents one of the most dreaded complications for patients with PD and is associated with a higher risk of developing dementia.Although transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been demonstrated to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD,to date,no study has investigated the effects of tDCS on Theory of Mind(ToM),i.e.,the ability to understand and predict other people’s behaviours,in PD-MCI.Methods:In this randomized,double-blind,sham-controlled study,we applied active tDCS over the medial frontal cortex(MFC)to modulate ToM performance in twenty patients with PD-MCI.Twenty matched healthy controls(HC)were also enrolled and were asked to perform the ToM task without receiving tDCS.Results:In the patients with PD-MCI,i)ToM performance was worse than that in the HC,ii)ToM abilities were poorer in those with fronto-executive difficulties,and iii)tDCS over the MFC led to significant shortening of latency for ToM tasks.Conclusions:We show for the first time that active tDCS over the MFC enhances ToM in patients with PD-MCI,and suggest that non-invasive brain stimulation could be used to ameliorate ToM deficits observed in these patients.展开更多
Human social interaction is essential in daily life and crucial for a promising life,especially in people who suffer from disease.Theory of Mind(ToM)is fundamental in social interaction and is described as the ability...Human social interaction is essential in daily life and crucial for a promising life,especially in people who suffer from disease.Theory of Mind(ToM)is fundamental in social interaction and is described as the ability to impute the mental states of others in social situations.Studies have proposed that a complex neuroanatomical network that includes the frontal cortex mediates ToM.The primary neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease(PD)involves the frontal-striatal system;therefore,patients with PD are expected to exhibit deficits in ToM.In this review,we summarize the current research with a particular focus on the patterns of impaired ToM,potential mediators of ToM,and the impact of ToM deficits on clinical disability in PD.Further studies to investigate the progression of ToM and its relationship with dementia in subjects in PD are needed.展开更多
基金Mauro Adenzato was supported by the University of Turin(Ricerca scientifica finanziata dall’Università“Cognizione sociale e attaccamento in popolazioni cliniche e non cliniche”)Ivan Enrici was supported by University of Turin grants(Ricerca scientifica finanziata dall’Università“Linea Generale”and“Linea Giovani”).
文摘Background:Parkinson’s Disease(PD)with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)(PD-MCI)represents one of the most dreaded complications for patients with PD and is associated with a higher risk of developing dementia.Although transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been demonstrated to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD,to date,no study has investigated the effects of tDCS on Theory of Mind(ToM),i.e.,the ability to understand and predict other people’s behaviours,in PD-MCI.Methods:In this randomized,double-blind,sham-controlled study,we applied active tDCS over the medial frontal cortex(MFC)to modulate ToM performance in twenty patients with PD-MCI.Twenty matched healthy controls(HC)were also enrolled and were asked to perform the ToM task without receiving tDCS.Results:In the patients with PD-MCI,i)ToM performance was worse than that in the HC,ii)ToM abilities were poorer in those with fronto-executive difficulties,and iii)tDCS over the MFC led to significant shortening of latency for ToM tasks.Conclusions:We show for the first time that active tDCS over the MFC enhances ToM in patients with PD-MCI,and suggest that non-invasive brain stimulation could be used to ameliorate ToM deficits observed in these patients.
基金This work was supported by grant NSC 101-2314-B-002-182NSC 100-2420-H-002-019-DR from the National Science Council,Taipei,Taiwan.
文摘Human social interaction is essential in daily life and crucial for a promising life,especially in people who suffer from disease.Theory of Mind(ToM)is fundamental in social interaction and is described as the ability to impute the mental states of others in social situations.Studies have proposed that a complex neuroanatomical network that includes the frontal cortex mediates ToM.The primary neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease(PD)involves the frontal-striatal system;therefore,patients with PD are expected to exhibit deficits in ToM.In this review,we summarize the current research with a particular focus on the patterns of impaired ToM,potential mediators of ToM,and the impact of ToM deficits on clinical disability in PD.Further studies to investigate the progression of ToM and its relationship with dementia in subjects in PD are needed.
