The Non-Singular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Deep Flux Weakening Switching Point Tracking

This paper presents a novel non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control(NFTSMC)based on the deep flux weakening switching point tracking method in order to improve the control performance of permanent interior magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM)drive systems.The mathematical model of flux weakening(FW)control is established,and the deep flux weakening switching point is calculated accurately by analyzing the relationship between the torque curve and voltage decline curve.Next,a second-order NFTSMC is designed for the speed loop controller to ensure that the system converges to the equilibrium state in finite time.Then,an extended sliding mode disturbance observer(ESMDO)is designed to estimate the uncertainty of the system.Finally,compared with both the PI control and sliding mode control(SMC)by simulations and experiments with different working conditions,the method proposed has the merits of accelerating convergence,improving steady-state accuracy,and minimizing the current and torque pulsation.

Hybrid Excited Permanent Magnet Machines for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

This paper reviews various hybrid excited(HE)machines from the perspective of location of PM and DC excitation,series/parallel connection of PM and DC excited magnetic fields,and 2D/3D magnetic fields,respectively.The advantages as well as drawbacks of each category are analyzed.Since an additional control degree,i.e.DC excitation,is introduced in the HE machine,the flux weakening control strategies are more complex.The flux weakening performance as well as efficiency are compared with different control strategies.Then,the potential to mitigate the risk of uncontrolled overvoltage fault at high speed operation is highlighted by controlling the field excitation.Since additional DC coils are usually required for HE machines compared with pure PM excitation,the spatial confliction inevitably results in electromagnetic performance reduction.Finally,the technique to integrate the field and armature windings with open-winding drive circuit is introduced,and novel HE machines without a DC coil are summarized.

SEEPAGE CONTROL OF WEAKENED ROCK FOUNDATION OF GEZHOUBA ERJIANG-SLUICE

It is the presence of weakened intercalations that makes the foundation of Gezhouba Erjiang-Sluice complex. Seepage control installation must be able not only to reduce seepapge pressure, but also to protect weakened intercalations from encroachment of seepage. In this paper theoretical analysis has been conducted to prove that well system is highly effective seepage control installation meeting this demand. By means of in-situ monitoring it has been verified that proposed seepage control measure relying mainly on drainage is of success. Seepage stability of weakened intercalations must be considered in employing drains to control seepage, while the seepage deformation of weakened intercalations is different from that of ordinary sand-gravel. Mechanism of seepage deformation of weakened intercalations has been expounded. Seepage wedging is a special type of seepage deformation for weakened intercalations, It is shown clearly that seepage deformation of intercalations does not mean seepage failure of the foundation. In such a foundation as that of Gezhouba sluice, the permeability is distributed randomly. So the seepage field is an unstable, stochastic field.