Implementation of OGC Web Map Service Based on Web Service

OGC Web Map Service is one kind of OGC Portrayal Services belongs to OGC Web Service model and it provides multi\|platform interoperability of spatial data set. This paper presents a method for implementing OGC Web Map Service based on Web Service technique and introduces the detailed process.

An integrated framework for automatic green building evaluation:A case study of China

With the burgeoning emphasis on sustainable construction practices in China,the demand for green building assessment has significantly escalated.The overall evaluation process comprises two key components:The acquisition of evaluation data and the evaluation of green scores,both of which entail considerable time and effort.Previous research predominantly concentrated on automating the latter process,often neglecting the exploration of automating the former in accordance with the Chinese green building assessment system.Furthermore,there is a pressing requirement for more streamlined management of structured standard knowledge to facilitate broader dissemination.In response to these challenges,this paper presents a conceptual framework that integrates building information modeling,ontology,and web map services to augment the efficiency of the overall evaluation process and the management of standard knowledge.More specifically,in accordance with the Assessment Standard for Green Building(GB/T 50378-2019)in China,this study innovatively employs visual programming software,Dynamo in Autodesk Revit,and the application programming interface of web map services to expedite the acquisition of essential architectural data and geographic information for green building assessment.Subsequently,ontology technology is harnessed to visualize the management of standard knowledge related to green building assessment and to enable the derivation of green scores through logical reasoning.Ultimately,a residential building is employed as a case study to validate the theoretical and technical feasibility of the developed automated evaluation conceptual framework for green buildings.The research findings hold valuable utility in providing a self-assessment method for applicants in the field.

Enhancing accessibility to web mapping systems with technology-aligned adaptive profiles

Web-based geographic information systems have advanced rapidly on the back of web-based technologies,increased bandwidths and access to Digital Earth imagery and functionality.However,these advances are causing its capabilities to slowly overtake those of end-users.Additionally,the introduction of non-desktop devices such as smartphones,tablets and netbooks is starting to undo progress made towards standardisation of web-based technology.Large varia-tions in screen sizes,computational power,bandwidth,and operating environ-ments are once again introducing the need to ensure software remains functional across different platforms,standards-compliant or not.These two issues highlight the need for a mechanism to tune content and capability to end-users and their environment,to prevent information and complexity overload in a field already troubled by poor usability,while promoting cross-platform compatibility.This paper proposes the use of adaptivity to accommodate for users from different backgrounds accessing web mapping systems in different technical environments.It describes adaptive profiles aligned to the finite number of states a system can adopt,rather than the limitless range of user or environment characteristics that cannot be adapted to.Each profile consists of a combination of adaptive states comprising functionality,information detail,or technical demands to optimise for individual users or technical environments.

A geospatial search engine for discovering multi-format geospatial data across the web

The volume of publically available geospatial data on the web is rapidly increasing due to advances in server-based technologies and the ease at which data can now be created.However,challenges remain with connecting individuals searching for geospatial data with servers and websites where such data exist.The objective of this paper is to present a publically available Geospatial Search Engine(GSE)that utilizes a web crawler built on top of the Google search engine in order to search the web for geospatial data.The crawler seeding mechanism combines search terms entered by users with predefined keywords that identify geospatial data services.A procedure runs daily to update map server layers and metadata,and to eliminate servers that go offline.The GSE supports Web Map Services,ArcGIS services,and websites that have geospatial data for download.We applied the GSE to search for all available geospatial services under these formats and provide search results including the spatial distribution of all obtained services.While enhancements to our GSE and to web crawler technology in general lie ahead,our work represents an important step toward realizing the potential of a publically accessible tool for discovering the global availability of geospatial data.

An open source, server-side framework for analytical web mapping and its application to health

In this paper,we detail the design and the implementation of an open source,server-side web mapping framework for the analysis of health data.The frame-work forms part of a larger project,the goal of which is to provide an analytical web geographical information system(GIS)that enables health experts to analyse spatial aspects of health data.The aim of the framework is to provide a method for the dynamic and flexible spatial visualisation of health data to facilitate data exploration and analysis.Consequently,a dynamic thematic web mapping technique,an extension to the Open Geospatial Consortium(OGC)web map service standard,was developed.The technique combines a data query,processing technique and styling methodology on the fly to generate a thematic map.The resulting thematic map represents a virtual map layer that enables a user to rapidly visually summarise properties of a data-set.A test web interface was developed to assess the efficacy of the web mapping technique.As the dynamic web mapping method builds on existing OGC web mapping standards,it can be readily integrated with the existing lightweight slippy map web clients and virtual globes.

Public Participation GIS:a FOSS architecture enabling field-data collection

Driven by the rise of Web 2.0 and the non-stop spread of mobile device sensors,the concept of Public Participation GIS(PPGIS)is knowing a revolutionary era which perfectly fits the new vision of Digital Earth(DE).This research investigates the opportunity to build up a PPGIS prototype with completely Free and Open Source Software(FOSS)architecture,in which data directly come from field surveys carried out by users.A sample application related to urban monitoring is addressed,which concentrates on user field-collected data concerning reports of road pavement damages.Open Data Kit suite allows users to collect geotagged multimedia information using mobile devices with onboard location sensors(e.g.a Global Positioning System receiver).On field-captured data are sent to a server and stored into a PostgreSQL database with PostGIS spatial extension.GeoServer then disseminates data on the Web.On the client-side,different solutions allow data visualization on both desktop computers and mobile devices.The designed architecture provided support for FOSS usage in the process of gathering,uploading,and Web publishing information collected in situ.The implementation of the developed PPGIS could thus substantially increase public active participation in data creation and sharing,besides enlarging DE knowledge up to the local level.

Text GCN-SW-KNN:a novel collaborative training multi-label classification method for WMS application themes by considering geographic semantics

Without explicit description of map application themes,it is difficult for users to discover desired map resources from massive online Web Map Services(WMS).However,metadata-based map application theme extraction is a challenging multi-label text classification task due to limited training samples,mixed vocabularies,variable length and content arbitrariness of text fields.In this paper,we propose a novel multi-label text classification method,Text GCN-SW-KNN,based on geographic semantics and collaborative training to improve classifica-tion accuracy.The semi-supervised collaborative training adopts two base models,i.e.a modified Text Graph Convolutional Network(Text GCN)by utilizing Semantic Web,named Text GCN-SW,and widely-used Multi-Label K-Nearest Neighbor(ML-KNN).Text GCN-SW is improved from Text GCN by adjusting the adjacency matrix of the heterogeneous word document graph with the shortest semantic distances between themes and words in metadata text.The distances are calculated with the Semantic Web of Earth and Environmental Terminology(SWEET)and WordNet dictionaries.Experiments on both the WMS and layer metadata show that the proposed methods can achieve higher F1-score and accuracy than state-of-the-art baselines,and demonstrate better stability in repeating experiments and robustness to less training data.Text GCN-SW-KNN can be extended to other multi-label text classification scenario for better supporting metadata enhancement and geospatial resource discovery in Earth Science domain.

An ontology-based framework for extracting spatio-temporal influenza data using Twitter

Early detection of influenza outbreaks is one of the key priorities on a national level for preparedness and planning.This study presents the design and implementation of Fluwitter,which is a spatio-temporal webbased prototype framework for pseudo real-time detection of influenza outbreaks from Twitter.Specifically,the framework integrates PostgreSQL database server with PostGIS spatial extension,Twitter streaming client,pre-processor,tagger and similarity calculator for semantic information extraction(IE).The IE of tagged terms is supported by Natural Language Processing(NLP)techniques,DBpediaSpotlight and WordNet Similarity for Java(WS4J),while data analytics,visualization,and mapping are supported by GeoServer and other GIS Free Open Source Software(FOSS).The prototype was calibrated to maximize detection of influenza using rules developed from ontology-based semantic similarity scores.The Twitter-generated influenza cases were validated by weekly hospitalization records issued by Ohio Department of Health(ODH).The optimized rule produced a final F-measure value of 0.72 and accuracy(ACC)value of 94.4%.The validation suggested the existence of moderate correlations for the beginning of the time period Southeast region(r=0.52),the Northwestern region(r=0.38),and the Central region(r=0.33)and weak correlations for the entire time period.The potential strengths and benefits of the prototype are shown through spatio-temporal assessment and visualization of influenza potential in Ohio.