The simple adjusted estimator of risk difference in each center is easy constructed by adding a value c on the number of successes and on the number of failures in each arm of the proportion estimator. Assessing a tre...The simple adjusted estimator of risk difference in each center is easy constructed by adding a value c on the number of successes and on the number of failures in each arm of the proportion estimator. Assessing a treatment effect in multi-center studies, we propose minimum MSE (mean square error) weights of an adjusted summary estimate of risk difference under the assumption of a constant of common risk difference over all centers. To evaluate the performance of the proposed weights, we compare not only in terms of estimation based on bias, variance, and MSE with two other conventional weights, such as the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel weights and the inverse variance (weighted least square) weights, but also we compare the potential tests based on the type I error probability and the power of test in a variety of situations. The results illustrate that the proposed weights in terms of point estimation and hypothesis testing perform well and should be recommended to use as an alternative choice. Finally, two applications are illustrated for the practical use.展开更多
We reveal that the common eigenvector of two particles' center-of-mass coordinate and mass-weightedrelative momentum is an entangled state. Its Schmidt decomposition exhibits that the entanglement involves squeezi...We reveal that the common eigenvector of two particles' center-of-mass coordinate and mass-weightedrelative momentum is an entangled state. Its Schmidt decomposition exhibits that the entanglement involves squeezingwhich depends on the ratio of two particles' masses. The corresponding entangling operators are derived.展开更多
Büeckner Rice weight function method was used to analyse mixed mode fracture of center cracked circular disk subjected to uniaxial compression. Based on Wu Carlsson procedure semi analytical modes Ⅰ and Ⅱ weigh...Büeckner Rice weight function method was used to analyse mixed mode fracture of center cracked circular disk subjected to uniaxial compression. Based on Wu Carlsson procedure semi analytical modes Ⅰ and Ⅱ weight functions were derived from corresponding reference displacement fields and stress intensity factors calculated by finite element method. Normalized mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ stress intensity factors, f Ⅰ, f Ⅱ , were derived from the obtained semi analytical weight functions. The results were then fitted into polynomials, the precision is within 0.5%. It is interesting to note that when the inclined angle θ of a crack is less than 15°, the f Ⅰvalues are positive. when θ =15°, the f Ⅰ values are positive for the crack length a varying from 0.1 to 0.7, but when a =0.8, the f Ⅰ takes the negative value -0.51. When θ >15°, all the f Ⅰ values become negative, which denotes that the compression shear mode is achieved at crack tips. These results are very useful in the investigation of mixed mode fracture of brittle materials.展开更多
Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) w...Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) was designed followed the end-effector principle, and an active partial body weight support(PBWS) system was introduced to facilitate successful gait training. For successful establishment of a walking gait on the GTR with PBWS, the motion laws of the GTR were planned to enable the phase distribution relationships of the cycle step, and the center of gravity(COG) trajectory of the human body during gait training on the GTR was measured. A coordinated control strategy was proposed based on the impedance control principle. A robotic prototype was developed as a platform for evaluating the design concepts and control strategies. Preliminary gait training with a healthy subject was implemented by the robotic-assisted gait training system and the experimental results are encouraging.展开更多
Novel MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalysts prepared using a new one-pot ball milling method can effectively control the amounts of Ti-loading in the catalysts. Complex GPC data on polypropylene synthesized by...Novel MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalysts prepared using a new one-pot ball milling method can effectively control the amounts of Ti-loading in the catalysts. Complex GPC data on polypropylene synthesized by these novel catalysts were analyzed using the method of fitting the molecular weight distribution (MWD) curves with a multiple Flory-Schulz function. It was found that multiple active centers exist in these novel catalysts. Detailed study of the effects of the Ti-loadings in the catalysts on the distribution of the active centers showed that the Ti-loadings in the novel MgCl2-supported Z-N catalysts might affect the proportion of each type of active centers; and might be the main factor responsible for the effect of the Ti-loadings on the microstructure, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution width of the resultant polymer, the catalytic activity and polymerization kinetics.展开更多
文摘The simple adjusted estimator of risk difference in each center is easy constructed by adding a value c on the number of successes and on the number of failures in each arm of the proportion estimator. Assessing a treatment effect in multi-center studies, we propose minimum MSE (mean square error) weights of an adjusted summary estimate of risk difference under the assumption of a constant of common risk difference over all centers. To evaluate the performance of the proposed weights, we compare not only in terms of estimation based on bias, variance, and MSE with two other conventional weights, such as the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel weights and the inverse variance (weighted least square) weights, but also we compare the potential tests based on the type I error probability and the power of test in a variety of situations. The results illustrate that the proposed weights in terms of point estimation and hypothesis testing perform well and should be recommended to use as an alternative choice. Finally, two applications are illustrated for the practical use.
文摘We reveal that the common eigenvector of two particles' center-of-mass coordinate and mass-weightedrelative momentum is an entangled state. Its Schmidt decomposition exhibits that the entanglement involves squeezingwhich depends on the ratio of two particles' masses. The corresponding entangling operators are derived.
文摘Büeckner Rice weight function method was used to analyse mixed mode fracture of center cracked circular disk subjected to uniaxial compression. Based on Wu Carlsson procedure semi analytical modes Ⅰ and Ⅱ weight functions were derived from corresponding reference displacement fields and stress intensity factors calculated by finite element method. Normalized mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ stress intensity factors, f Ⅰ, f Ⅱ , were derived from the obtained semi analytical weight functions. The results were then fitted into polynomials, the precision is within 0.5%. It is interesting to note that when the inclined angle θ of a crack is less than 15°, the f Ⅰvalues are positive. when θ =15°, the f Ⅰ values are positive for the crack length a varying from 0.1 to 0.7, but when a =0.8, the f Ⅰ takes the negative value -0.51. When θ >15°, all the f Ⅰ values become negative, which denotes that the compression shear mode is achieved at crack tips. These results are very useful in the investigation of mixed mode fracture of brittle materials.
基金Project(61175128) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008AA040203) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) was designed followed the end-effector principle, and an active partial body weight support(PBWS) system was introduced to facilitate successful gait training. For successful establishment of a walking gait on the GTR with PBWS, the motion laws of the GTR were planned to enable the phase distribution relationships of the cycle step, and the center of gravity(COG) trajectory of the human body during gait training on the GTR was measured. A coordinated control strategy was proposed based on the impedance control principle. A robotic prototype was developed as a platform for evaluating the design concepts and control strategies. Preliminary gait training with a healthy subject was implemented by the robotic-assisted gait training system and the experimental results are encouraging.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (No. 20172045) Science and Technology Plan Fund of Zhe-
jiang Province (No. 001101116) and Foundation for Doctors of
Ningbo City (No. 2003A62012) China
文摘Novel MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalysts prepared using a new one-pot ball milling method can effectively control the amounts of Ti-loading in the catalysts. Complex GPC data on polypropylene synthesized by these novel catalysts were analyzed using the method of fitting the molecular weight distribution (MWD) curves with a multiple Flory-Schulz function. It was found that multiple active centers exist in these novel catalysts. Detailed study of the effects of the Ti-loadings in the catalysts on the distribution of the active centers showed that the Ti-loadings in the novel MgCl2-supported Z-N catalysts might affect the proportion of each type of active centers; and might be the main factor responsible for the effect of the Ti-loadings on the microstructure, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution width of the resultant polymer, the catalytic activity and polymerization kinetics.