Blood-letting punctures at twelve Jing-Well points of the hand can treat cerebral ischemia in a similar manner to mannitol

A rat model of middle cerebral artery permanent occlusion was established using the modified Longa method. Successfully established model animals were treated by blood-letting puncture at twelve Jing-Well points of the hand, and/or by injecting mannitol into the caudal vein twice daily. Brain tissue was collected at 24, 48 and 72 hours after modeling, and blood was collected through the retinal vein before Evans blue was injected, approximately 1 hour prior to harvesting of brain tissue. Results showed that Evans blue leakage into brain tissue and serum nitric oxide synthase activity were significantly increased in model rats. Treatment with blood-letting punctures at twelve Jing-Well points of the hand and/or injection of mannitol into the caudal vein reduced the amount of Evans blue leakage into the brain tissue and serum nitric oxide synthase activity to varying degrees. There was no significant difference between single treatment and combined treatment. Experimental findings indicate that blood-letting punctures at twelve Jing-Well points of the hand can decrease blood-brain barrier permeability and serum nitric oxide synthase activity in rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion, and its effect is similar to that of mannitol injection alone and Jing-Well points plus mannitol injection.

Laboratory investigation of axisymmetric single vacuum well point

Vacuum well point is a new but faint soft ground treatment method. This work focuses on the consolidation behavior of a reconstituted soft clayey specimen under vacuum well point combined with surcharge loading. The laboratory test was conducted through a vacuum-surcharge consolidation apparatus, and the vacuum loading scheme was adopted for vacuum pressure application to investigate the vacuum effect on soil consolidation. In the testing process, some key parameters such as vacuum pressure, pore water pressure and settlement deformation were timely recorded. Furthermore, the water content, void ratio and permeability coefficient of samples collected after loading were measured to reflect the consolidation characteristics. By comparing with the membrane system and membraneless system, something different was found for the vacuum well point method. The results indicate that the consolidation behavior of an axisymmetric single vacuum well point is almost identical to the behavior of vacuum preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drain(PVD), except for the distribution of the vacuum pressure along the well drain due to the structure of the vacuum well point. And the vacuum well point method may be useful for the improvement of soft clayey deposit in a certain depth.

基于PointNet++的工井点云语义分割模型研究

受地下工井空间狭窄、环境复杂的影响,采集的工井点云数据存在空间分布不规则且不均匀、数据量大、难以实现多目标高效的语义分割等问题。有鉴于此,本文提出了一种基于PointNet++的工井点云语义分割方法。首先,采集地下工井点云数据并加入语义标签,制作模型训练需要的数据集;其次,为提高点云分割任务的性能,引入一种基于深度学习的PointNet++网络模型,并利用多分辨率分组(multi-scalegrouping,MSG)和随机输入(random inputdropout,DP)策略,实现了地下工井地面、顶、爬梯、墙、电缆线和支架的语义分割;最后,采用精确度、召回率、交并比和F1分数作为评价指标对分割效果进行评价。结果表明,与PointNet网络模型相比,本文方法各类别的评价指标均得到了显著的提升,并且地下工井地面、井顶、井墙和电缆线等类别的评价指标均超过80%,显示分割性能良好,有利于地下电缆工井场景的多目标快速精准分割,为地下工程精细化管理奠定了基础。

Influences of electro-acupuncture at related Jing-well Points in rats with vascular dementia

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of electro-acupuncture(EA) at related Jing-well Points(HT 9,PC 9,KI 1 and LU 11) in rats with vascular dementia(VD) and discuss the relative mechanism.METHODS:A randomized controlled animal experiment was designed.A total of 104 rats were involved in the present study and divided randomly into 4 groups:sham-operation group,model group,Jing-well Points group,and medication group.The VD model was established according to the modified 4-vessel occlusion(4-VO) method.VD rats in the Jing-well Points group were treated by EA at the related Jing-well Points(HT 9,PC 9,KI 1 and LU 11) while those in the medication group were treated with nimotop.The step-down avoidance test was performed before and after treatment in all rats.Latency and error frequency indexed memory function were recorded.Nitric oxide(NO) levels and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in both cerebral tissue and serum were detected after the treatment course.RESULTS:A total of 42 rats were included in the final analysis.Compared with the model group,the latency in the Jing-well Points group was significantly prolonged(P<0.01) and the error frequency was significantly decreased(P<0.05) after therapy;the decrease in NO levels in both brain tissue and serum was significant(P<0.05 and P<0.01,respectively);and the increase in SOD activity was also significant(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in latency,error frequency,NO levels and SOD activity between the Jing-well Points group and medication group.CONCLUSION:EA at related Jing-well Points can remarkably improve memory impairment in VD rats.Moreover,decreasing the overproduction of NO and strengthening the ability of eliminating free radicals may provide therapeutic potential for the treatment of VD.

Effects of bloodletting puncture at Jing-Well points in distal ends of finger and toe on survival rate and brain edema in cerebral ischemic rats

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of bloodletting puncture at Jing-Well points in the distal ends of the finger and toe on survival rate,survival time,and brain edema in rats with cerebral ischemia.METHODS:Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal,sham operation,model,bloodletting puncture at Jing-Well points in distal ends of finger and toe,and puncture without bloodletting at these points.Middle cerebral artery occlusion models were established according to Longa's method.The brains were taken 48 h after the model was established.Brain water content,brain density,brain coefficient,survival rate,and survival time in each group were measured.RESULTS:After bloodletting puncture,the survival time of the rats was prolonged,their brain water content and brain coefficient were reduced,and brain density was increased.CONCLUSION:Bloodletting puncture at Jing-Well points in the distal ends of the finger and toe can improve function in ischemic brain edema.

生育的幸福效应——兼论其对低生育率的支撑

生育的幸福效应是理解低生育率社会中个体生育决策的一个重要维度。利用中国家庭追踪调查2010—2018年数据,考察孩子出生前后父母幸福感轨迹。研究发现,个人在主观幸福感方面对生育事件有积极的预期收益,主观幸福感在生育事件发生的当年达到顶峰,然后随着时间的推移逐渐下降。生育事件前后的主观幸福感轨迹表明,生育事件对个人的心理和生活感知有积极的促进作用,同时也证实了适应效应的存在。就业性质对生育的幸福效应具有调节作用,并且存在显著的性别差异,表明当父亲和母亲的工作允许他们有更多时间照顾孩子时,他们都会增加亲子互动和沟通并从中获得更高水平的幸福感。生育的这种幸福效应具有超经济性,并借助个人的生育决策筑成低生育率的底部。

“手十二井穴”放血预处理对大鼠急性低氧肺组织损伤模型血气、HIF-1α及VEGF水平的影响

目的 观察“手十二井穴”放血预处理对大鼠急性低氧肺组织损伤模型血气相关指标、低氧诱导因子(HIF)-1α及血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响,探讨“手十二井穴”放血预处理对急性低氧肺组织损伤的影响。方法 将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组8只、低氧(模型)组32只、井穴放血预处理(放血)组32只,模型组和放血组又分为6、24、48、72 h 4个时间段亚组,每组各8只。采用实验动物低氧模拟舱模拟15%O_(2)浓度,制备大鼠急性低氧肺组织损伤模型。放血组按“少商”“商阳”“中冲”“关冲”“少冲”“少泽”的顺序,每天1次,共5 d。用手持式血气分析仪检测肺动脉血气氧分压(PaO_(2))、血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))、酸碱度(pH)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))等相关指标,采用Western印迹法检测HIF-1α表达,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测VEGF含量。结果 与对照组比较,模型组各时间段PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)明显降低,HIF-1α和VEGF表达水平显著升高(P<0.01)。与同时间段模型组比较,放血组PaO_(2)和SaO_(2)均出现升高,PaO_(2)在6、48 h时有统计学意义,SaO_(2)值在6、24、48 h时有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),HIF-1α表达在各时段明显下调,VEGF含量在24、48、72 h时明显下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。但放血组PaO_(2)各时间段和SaO_(2)(6、24 h)仍低于对照组,HIF-1α(6、48、72 h)和VEGF各时间段表达水平仍高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 “手十二井穴”放血预处理在一定时间和程度上可改善大鼠急性低氧(15%O_(2),85%N_(2))肺组织损伤模型的缺氧情况,其可能的作用与升高动脉血PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)及下调HIF-1α表达、降低VEGF含量有关,从而有利于模型大鼠适应急性低氧环境。

典型高含硫气井分离器低效分离问题探究

天然气气井在开发生产后期的过程中,通常伴随气田水、细小颗粒等产出,采用分离装置进行初处理,由于分离装置中各相不可能实现完全分离,分离效果不佳,进而对下游装置平稳运行产生不利影响,并可能造成严重经济损失。通过现场试验分析某高含硫气井分离器低效率分离的现象,发现了分离器进气口流速增大,无足够稳定空间,内部液滴夹带严重,分离效果差的问题。提出了高含硫气井分离器低效分离问题的解决措施:正确选用入口元件并校核入口管嘴动压能;采用Ishii-Grolmes准则估算卧式气液分离器气相初始夹带速度;校核捕雾器的安装要求及淹没点(flooding point);选用可拆卸型内构件,设置内构件压差监测、建立定期清洗作业规程;井口一级气液分离器也可不配置捕雾器,简化设计,减少维护工作量。以上措施对高含硫气井分离器的设计、生产过程管理有一定指导意义。

手十二井穴刺络放血疗法中枢响应特征的静息态fMRI研究方案

目的:探讨手十二井穴刺络放血疗法的中枢响应特征。方法:纳入30例健康志愿者作为受试对象,完成30 min基线静息态fMRI数据采集后,即刻行手十二井穴刺络放血操作,控制在5 min内。刺络放血后,立即行fMRI数据采集,参数同基线静息态扫描序列。预期结果:与基线相比,手十二井穴刺络放血后,静息态脑功能显著变化,其中脑干网状上行激活系统醒觉相关脑区变化尤为显著。

隐白穴在崩漏中的应用

崩漏是指经血非时暴下不止或淋漓不尽,在现代医学中多属于无排卵型功能失调性子宫出血,多见于青春期和围绝经期妇女。崩漏在妇科临床中属疑难急重疾病,对患者身心造成了严重的困扰。中医治疗崩漏方法多样,针、灸、药各有所长,其中灸法效果确切、不良作用小、成本低廉,最易被患者接受,值得临床推广。足太阴脾经的井穴隐白是治疗崩漏的经验效穴。文章从古代文献与现代临床研究两方面阐述隐白穴在崩漏中的应用,并简要分析艾灸隐白穴治疗崩漏的作用机制。

血管性痴呆的研究进展

血管性痴呆(VaD)是因脑卒中后大脑血液供应减少引起脑细胞缺血缺氧,从而出现严重认知功能障碍的疾病。VaD是一种可以预防的病症,但因其病因复杂、诊断困难的特点,使得其在神经科学和老年医学领域中占据较高的地位。目前在治疗上,现代医学主要采取口服多奈哌齐等药物控制血管性危险因素以及改善认知功能等(非)药物治疗方案;中医学则通过望闻问切达到对疾病的整体了解,并根据辨证论治对不同个体采取不同的中医特色治疗措施。文章对VaD发病相关因素、发病机制和中西医治疗方案进行综述。

深地万米井测井电缆强度分析

中国超深层油气资源潜力巨大,推进超深层油气勘探、实现新层系突破是开拓油气新领域的重点方向。针对深地某科探井万米电缆遇卡等问题,采用截面法,建立电缆在井下、天滑轮、地滑轮、滚筒等位置处的有限元模型,研究拉力棒、滚筒直径、上提速度对万米测井电缆强度的影响。计算结果表明:为保证在电缆不断的情况下使设置的弱点先断,并为电缆保留一定安全系数,可以选用5000lbf^(*)拉力棒;选用大直径的滚筒来减小电缆张力,优先选用直径700mm的滚筒;测井电缆正常上提工作速度取6000m/h,此时电缆张力可达61.4kN,满足强度要求。研究成果为深地万米井测井作业电缆、滚筒、拉力棒的选取提供了基础数据。

明挖法超大深基坑降排水设计与应用

水上基坑工程是较为复杂的基础工程,除受水文条件和复杂的地质形态影响外,还面临波浪、潮流的作用,尤其是在开放水域采用明挖法进行超大深基坑工程施工,降水开挖可能会引起挡土结构变形、支护结构渗漏、周边土体滑移等工程问题。结合工程实例,在研究工程地质和水文地质条件的基础上,建立数值模型分析支护与挡水体系的渗流及整体稳定性,依据分析结果分别进行明排水和管井降水设计,在实际施工中,面对超长单排搅拌桩止水帷幕局部渗漏的问题,提出寻找渗漏点的方法,通过增设轻型井点对局部渗漏点进行动态止水。

耦合大功率微波加热的煤炭地下气化CRIP工艺研究

煤炭地下气化注入点可控后退(Controlled Retraction Injection Point,CRIP)工艺能够实现中深层煤炭资源的清洁高效原位开采,将我国富裕的煤炭资源转化为战略或缺的燃气资源。为取代CRIP工艺中氧气和点火液的注入、提高煤层气化反应活性,基于煤炭地下气化生产工艺和微波加热技术特点,创新提出了耦合大功率微波加热的煤炭地下气化CRIP工艺设计,将气化剂和微波发生器产生的微波经由连续油管注入到地下煤层并在目标气化区释放。通过理论分析和实验研究,从微波的产生、传输、释放、与煤层作用、以及产业发展模式等方面分析了该工艺设计在工程实践中面临的难题和解决方案。研究结果表明,耦合大功率微波加热的煤炭地下气化CRIP工艺在技术上是可行的;在煤炭地下气化过程中加热煤层所需的热量较大,大功率磁控管可以满足工业生产规模需求;微波能够通过双层连续油管镀铜的内管外壁和外管内壁间的环形空间远距离传输到地下煤层;微波频率越高,微波功率衰减越快,2450 MHz和915 MHz频率微波在双层连续油管中传输500 m时,其功率分别衰减至15.6%和32.1%,中深层煤炭地下气化应选用较低频率来远距离、低损耗输送微波;在双层连续油管前端的外管壁面上按一定规则割开缝隙,形成微波释能器,将微波从管线中泄漏出来辐射煤层;原煤在干燥、热解和燃烧阶段都能够较好地吸收微波能而被加热,在有氧条件下煤样温度升高到587℃时焦炭被点燃,最高温度可达1080℃;风光电−储能−煤炭地下微波气化融合产业模式能够充分利用绿色能源,实现中深层煤炭清洁高效原位开采。研究能够为微波辅助煤炭地下气化提供理论基础和技术支持。

富水粉细砂地层暗挖大断面地铁隧道地下水综合控制措施研究

文中依托北京地铁12号线三元桥站-芳园里站区间暗挖大断面停车线隧道工程,分析注浆试验段采用常规水泥-水玻璃双液浆进行超前深孔注浆存在的问题,提出并实施了渗透注浆与劈裂注浆相结合的复合式注浆方法,并基于数值计算结果,给出“最优深孔注浆厚度”概念,在此基础上确定本工程超前深孔注浆加固厚度,另外针对粉细砂层和粉质黏土层之间的层间水(三),深孔注浆后隧道开挖仍存在残留水问题,提出一种新型真空井点降水成孔方法,提高了成孔效率,确保了井点降水效果。

灌区泵站工程中的基坑井点降水设计

本文探究了某灌区泵站工程中基坑井点降水方案的设计要点。在确定基坑总涌水量的基础上,分别求得井点管的长度、直径、数量以及抽水总管直径等参数;根据水泵扬程和流量计算结果,选择175QJ80-33-11型潜水泵,该泵的设计流量为80 m3/h,额定扬程35 m,可满足本工程中基坑井点降水的要求;采用胶管链接法将井点管与抽水总管连接起来,采用基于双向闸刀的双电源供电,保证了井点降水系统的可靠运行。通过设计基坑井点降水方案,为后续灌区泵站工程中降水井的开挖与井点抽水系统的安装提供了参考。

“井点塑排真空预压联合降水预压动力固结法”在物流仓储中的应用

本文结合江阴某物流园仓储地基处理工程,分析比较了常规物流仓储地基处理方法之优缺点,详细介绍了井点塑排真空预压联合降水预压动力固结法的设计计算方法、具体施工步骤及其加固效果,实践证明,井点塑排专利工法成功应用于物流仓储工程并取得了良好的社会和经济效益。

深基坑气动井点降水关键技术研究

深基坑开挖时,由于要深入地下一段距离,因此当基坑范围很大时,会接触到不同类型的地下水。传统的排水方法很难将大量的地下水排出,从而影响基坑的稳定性、围护结构的安全,严重时还会威胁到周边建筑的安全。文章从基坑开挖时的降水措施着手,重点论述气动在基坑中的技术运用和施工方法。通过以上措施,能够有效解决基坑开挖过程中出现的排水问题,从而保证了施工的质量与安全。

东胜致密低渗产水气藏水平井一点法产能模型研究

为进一步提升气藏产能预测的精度,针对东胜气田锦30井区作了水平井产能模型研究。借鉴Giger、Joshi、Borisov、陈元千等人提出的油藏水平井产能公式推导过程,并遵循渗流规律建立了气藏水平井产能公式;基于气相渗透率与含水率的拟合关系分析水气比对气井流入动态曲线的影响规律,发现不同水气比条件下的无因次流入动态曲线重合且为直线,但无阻流量受水气比的影响较大;提出产水气井无因次无阻流量新理念,建立了无因次无阻流量与水气比的关系式,进而在此基础上推导出一点法产能预测模型。

巴彦油田深井高凝油藏试油完井一体化技术

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