Spatiotemporal Changes of Snow Depth in Western Jilin,China from 1987 to 2018

Seasonal snow cover is a key global climate and hydrological system component drawing considerable attention due to glob-al warming conditions.However,the spatiotemporal snow cover patterns are challenging in western Jilin,China due to natural condi-tions and sparse observation.Hence,this study investigated the spatiotemporal patterns of snow cover using fine-resolution passive mi-crowave(PMW)snow depth(SD)data from 1987 to 2018,and revealed the potential influence of climate factors on SD variations.The results indicated that the interannual range of SD was between 2.90 cm and 9.60 cm during the snowy winter seasons and the annual mean SD showed a slightly increasing trend(P>0.05)at a rate of 0.009 cm/yr.In snowmelt periods,the snow cover contributed to an increase in volumetric soil water,and the change in SD was significantly affected by air temperature.The correlation between SD and air temperature was negative,while the correlation between SD and precipitation was positive during December and March.In March,the correlation coefficient exceeded 0.5 in Zhenlai,Da’an,Qianan,and Qianguo counties.However,the SD and precipitation were neg-atively correlated over western Jilin in October,and several subregions presented a negative correlation between SD and precipitation in November and April.

Health Assessment of Typical Reservoirs in Eastern Jilin: A Case Study of Niligou Reservoir

Niligou Reservoir,a typical reservoir in the eastern region of Jilin Province,is subordinate to Niligou River,which is located in the Changbai Mountains in eastern Jilin,with abundant plant and animal resources and well protected biodiversity in the basin,but there are also some related problems such as fragile ecosystem of forest wetland.This paper carried out a health assessment of Niligou River,including water quality monitoring,aquatic organism monitoring,and riparian zone investigation.According to the requirements of the Technical Guidelines for River and Lake Health Assessment,13 assessment indexes were selected to build a river and lake health assessment index system.By sorting and analyzing the monitoring and investigation data,we got a clear picture of the ecological environment status and existing problems of Niligou Res-ervoir.Based on the actual situation of Niligou River,we evaluated the hydrologic integrity,chemical integrity,morphological and structural integrity,biological integrity and sustainability of social service function,and put forward corresponding countermeasures according to the re-sults,in order to provide a technical support for the health treatment of rivers and lakes in Jilin Province.

Harmful evaluation of heavy metals from soil layer to the groundwater: Take the Jilin Hunchun Basin as an example

The continuous enrichment of heavy metals in soils has caused potential harm to groundwater.Quantitative methods to evaluate the harm of heavy metals in soil to groundwater are lacked in previous studies.Based on the theory of groundwater circulation and solid-liquid equilibrium,a simple and easy-touse flux model of soil heavy metals migrating to groundwater is constructed.Based on groundwater environmental capacity,an innovative method for evaluating the harm of heavy metals in soil to groundwater is proposed,which has been applied in Hunchun Basin,Jilin Province,China.The results show that the fluxes of soil heavy metals into groundwater in the study area are Zn,Cu,As,Pb,Cd,Ni,and Hg in descending order.The content of heavy metals in groundwater(As,Hg,Cu,Pb,Zn,Ni,and Cd)in most areas has not risen to the threshold of environmental capacity within 10 years.The harm levels of soil heavy metals to groundwater in the most townships soils are at the moderate level or below.This evaluation method can quantify the flux of soil heavy metals into groundwater simply and quickly,determine the residual capacity of groundwater to heavy metals,evaluate the harm level of soil heavy metals to groundwater,provide support for relevant departments to carry out environmental protection of soil and groundwater,and provide a reference to carry out similar studies for related scholars.

Spatial Distribution of Different Types of Villages for Rural Revitalization Strategy and Their Influencing Factors:A Case of Jilin Province,China

Village classification is the first step to implementing China’s rural revitalization(RR)strategy,and understanding the geographic differences in the distribution of village types helps to grasp the pathway of their unique development.This study spatialized9250 villages in Jilin Province(divided into six types)of China,and their distribution characteristics and influencing factors were examined using methods such as kernel density estimation,Ripley’s K function,the co-location quotient,and Geodetector.The results indicate that the spatial distribution balance and density of village types are different.All types of villages show an agglomeration distribution pattern,but the scale and intensity vary.There is a strong spatial association between agglomerative promotion(AP)and stable improvement(SIm)villages,as well as between characteristic protection(CP)and prospering frontier and enriching people(PE)villages.The factors affecting their distribution include terrain undulation,the percentage of arable land,the distance to the county town,road network density,population density,gross domestic product(GDP),and industrial enterprise density.The influencing factors for the distribution of village types are closely related to the function of each village.Based on the differences in the spatial distribution and influencing factors of different village types,policy suggestions are given for classified development.

Formation of FeNi metal nodules in the Jilin H5 chondrite,the largest stone meteorite in the world

The Jilin H5 chondrite, the largest known stony meteorite in the world, with its No.1 fragment weighing1770 kg. It contains submillimeter-to centimeter-sized FeNi metal particles/nodules. Our optical microscopic and electron microprobe analyses revealed that the formation of metal nodules in this meteorite is a complex and long-term process, The early stage is the thermal diffusion-caused migration and concentration of dispersed metallic material along fractures to form root-hair shaped metal grains during thermal metamorphism of this meteorite. The later two collision events experienced by this meteorite led to the further migration and aggregation of metallic material into the shock-produced cracks and openings to form largersized metal grains. The shock-produced shear movement and frictional heating occurred in this meteorite greatly enhanced the migration and aggregation of metallic material to form the large-sized nodules. It was revealed that the metal nodule formation process in the Jilin H5 chondrite might perform in the solid or subsolidus state, and neither melting of chondritic metal grains nor shock-induced vaporization of bulk chondrite material are related with this process.

World Ice and Snow Economy of Cold Regions Conference,A New Name Card for Ice and Snow Travel in Jilin

The ice and snow economy of cold regions plays a pivotal role as a driving force and catalyst for economic development in countries and regions situated at high latitudes and altitudes across the globe."Ice and snow are also a gold mine",and the construction of the"Ice and Snow Silk Road"will help accelerate the development of the ice and snow economy in Jilin Province,helping Jilin attract both domestic and foreign tourists.

Construction land expansion and influencing factors of typical river valley cities in Northeast China: Taking Jilin City as an example

Jilin City is a typical river valley city in Northeast China.In this paper,the authors studied the spatial and temporal expansion characteristics of the built-up areas in Jilin City from 1990 to 2020 using the analysis of expansion speed and strength,fractal dimension,barycenter coordinate transfer index and sector analysis.The ultimate-goal is to analyze the driving and restrictive factors that affect the spatial expansion of river valley cities.The results indicate that(1)the expansion speed of urban land in Jilin City has been re-latively slow in the past 30 years,while only slightly faster in 2010–2020;(2)in the spatial dimension,Jilin City mainly expanded to the south,then to the west,and extensive expansion has resulted in complex mor-phology with little stability and compactness;(3)the expansion is affected by multiple factors,of which the positive factor is industrial development,while the restrictive factors include natural factors,population loss,etc.This study provides a case for the formulation of land use policies and land space planning in river valley cities.

关于吉林省直播稻育种的几点思考

因直播稻与移栽稻的播期及栽培措施等存在不同,两者在抽穗期、产量及产量构成因素等诸多农艺性状上均存在显著差异。为更好提升直播稻产量并培育直播配套品种,笔者从直播稻的生育期及物候期、种子应具备的特征特性、产量结构及品种农艺性状、品种抗性、育种体系等方面提出几点思考。

地方气象标准体系构成浅析——以吉林省为例

气象标准体系是气象标准化工作的规划和指引,标准构成分析可直观了解气象标准化工作现状。本文以吉林省气象标准体系为例,对照《气象高质量发展纲要(2022-2035年)》要求,浅析地方气象标准体系的具体构成特点,明确气象服务保障是目前气象标准化工作的突出领域,数值天气预报、资源开发利用、专业气象服务、气象灾害监测预警和重大突发事件保障等是目前气象标准化工作的重点方向,提出各业务领域全面加强标准化培训工作以及标准化管理工作需求和建议,以期为各地方气象标准体系建设及标准化工作发展提供科学参考。

2022年3月16日吉林松原宁江M 4.3地震前地震活动特征

针对2022年3月16日吉林松原宁江发生的M 4.3地震前的测震学资料及相关方法进行了震例回溯,发现此次地震前测震学方面存在3项异常:ML 3.0地震条带、视应力(2.5≤ML≤3.1)高值、b值趋势下降,三项异常均为中长期异常。结合松原宁江区以往的震例总结报告,综合分析认为这3项异常预测意义明确,对松原宁江地区中强地震的震情趋势分析具有一定的指示意义。

气候变暖对吉林省降雪量与新增雪深关系的影响

降雪量和积雪深度的关系是降雪预报及水文气候模拟中的重要参数。本文利用吉林省50个站点1961—2021年的降水量、积雪深度、气温、风速和天气现象等气象观测资料,分析了降雪量和新增积雪深度的关系及主要气候影响因子。结果表明,在中等及以上强度的降雪过程中,吉林省新增积雪深度(D)与降雪量(S)的比值(深量比,Rds)平均为0.96 cm·mm^(-1);该比值存在空间差异,呈西部小东部大的分布特征,且存在明显的月际、年际和年代际变化特征,其中月际变化呈现不对称的抛物线型,12月和1月为大值时段;近60年来Rds呈减小趋势,变化速率为-0.01 cm·mm^(-1)·(10a)^(-1);降雪日Rds与气温呈明显反相关关系,其中在-12~0℃的温度区间,Rds随气温上升呈明显减小趋势。气候变暖、降水量增加和风速的减小是降雪过程中降雪量与新增雪深关系年代际变化的直接原因。揭示降雪量和新增雪深的关系对于认识东北亚中高纬度降雪积雪特征及其成因具有重要意义。

吉林地方黑羽鸡不同世代的产蛋性能及蛋品质对比

为了解吉林地方黑羽鸡产蛋性能和蛋品质,试验各选取240只120日龄F1、F2、F3三个世代黑羽鸡,测定产蛋性能及蛋品质。结果表明:与F代相比,F3代平均开产日龄显著提前8.7 d(P<0.05),年平均产蛋量F3显著提高7.3枚(P<0.05),种蛋受精率和受精蛋孵化率分别显著提高6.7%和4.8%(P<0.05)。三个世代的蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度、蛋比重及蛋黄色泽无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,三个世代中,F3代黑羽鸡产蛋性能最佳。

吉林油田CCUS-EOR技术攻关与实践新进展

CO_(2)捕集、埋存与提高原油采收率(CCUS-EOR)技术可大幅度提高原油采收率并实现CO_(2)有效埋存,同时兼具减碳、增油两大功能,是落实“双碳”战略和保障能源安全的重要技术手段。中国石油高度关注CO_(2)资源化利用问题,在系统研究原始油藏、中高含水、高含水及特高含水油藏CO_(2)驱油机理与埋存潜力的基础上,研发了关键技术和工艺装备,形成了集CO_(2)捕集、输送、注入、采出、驱油、埋存、防腐等为主体的CCUS-EOR全产业链一体化技术体系,并率先在中国石油吉林油田开展了CO_(2)捕集埋存与提高采收率矿场实践。研究结果表明:①矿场试验证实CO_(2)驱油可提高采收率20%以上,现已累计注入CO_(2)达320×10^(4) t;②矿场实践系统揭示了陆相低渗透油藏CO_(2)驱油与埋存规律,验证了CO_(2)捕集输送、注入采出、驱油埋存与循环利用全流程技术的适应性,实现了CCUS-EOR减排增效一体化。结论认为:①吉林油田建成了国内首个全产业链、全流程CO_(2)捕集、驱油、埋存与循环利用示范工程,实现了陆相沉积低渗透油藏CO_(2)驱油采收率的大幅提高和CO_(2)的安全埋存;②系统总结了吉林油田近年来在CCUS-EOR方面的最新研究进展和矿场实践认识,指明了油气田CCUS-EOR应用前景,并提出了以新质生产力推动相关企业产业化发展的具体建议。

吉林省科技发展计划项目绩效管理的现状分析

本文以吉林省科技发展计划项目的绩效管理工作为研究对象,对吉林省科技项目绩效评价工作的现状进行了研究,深入剖析了目前项目绩效管理工作中存在的问题,并提出完善吉林省科技项目绩效管理工作的建议主张。

吉林省残疾人科技创新引导机制研究

党的二十大对残疾人事业发展作出重要部署,同时强调科技是第一生产力,实施创新驱动发展战略。吉林省颁布较多支持科技创新的政策文件,但关于残疾人科技创新的政策则较少,现有的惠残政策文件更偏重从就业创业方面培养残疾人的创新意识。文章以吉林省残疾人科技创新现状为前提,以科技创新政策为导向,分析残疾人科技创新特点及存在问题,通过发挥政府顶层设计、夯实高校主体责任、校企社多方联动等多维度探索吉林省残疾人科技创新引导机制体系的建构与实施路径。

数字经济下吉林省农业国际化发展路径研究

近年来,全球数字经济的发展方兴未艾,大数据、智能控制、云计算等数字技术逐渐融入到生产生活的各个领域,5G时代的到来为全球农业分工打开了新的发展格局。吉林省是农业大省,是保障国家粮食安全的重要“压舱石”。数字经济时代的到来,为吉林省巩固农业产业发展成就,快速实现农业产业国际化带来了挑战与机遇。吉林省在生产、投资与销售国际化方面稳步推进,但仍存在许多障碍。吉林省政府应与农业企业在数字基础设施建设、农业产业集群联动和农业国际化人才培养方面加强合作,稳步推进吉林省农业产业的国际化进程。

民国时期吉林地域《伤寒论》的研究与应用——基于《医林》杂志研究的探讨

民国时期,吉林地域中医的发展受到了西医盛行的强烈的冲击,在中西医并存的发展的背景下,吉林地区的中医们传承并研究中医经典,在当时吉林地区出版发行的中医学杂志《医林》杂志中发表了大量的中医经典研究内容,其中以《伤寒论》研究的内容最为广泛,本文通过考证《医林》杂志中发表的《伤寒论》研究文献,认为当时的《伤寒论》研究文献具有篇目连载较多,内容连续强的特点,在研究内容上推崇原文,注重经典,并在一定程度上反映了中西医汇通的特点,研究形式多样,代表了当时中医的学术发展水平,对于研究中医药的发展具有重要意义。

情境道德学习新论:李吉林情境教育理论的德育观照

李吉林情境教育理论和情境德育主张为情境道德学习提供理论指引,赋予其情境依赖性、情感融合性、开放整体性、主动建构性和深度智慧性五大核心思想。由此,情境道德学习是学习者在人为优化的情境中,将情感与认知相结合,以内外协同的方式,主动进行道德内化,生成道德智慧的价值性学习,具有体验式的学习理念、情境化的学习形态、迭代式的学习过程以及外驱内的学习机制等典型特征。情境道德学习的实践建构可从面向道德智慧的学习目标、开发求真向美的学习资源、基于内外结合的学习策略以及秉持促德发展的学习评价四方面入手。其中,学习目标以道德思维力为核心,学习资源贯彻真与美的原则,学习策略主张发挥内外部的联合作用,学习评价强调促进学习者的发展。

吉林省少数民族地区畜牧业发展助力乡村产业振兴研究——以伊通满族自治县为例

随着乡村振兴政策的落实,各地区开始发展产业以助推乡村发展。产业发展为乡村振兴提供了坚实的物质动力,如果产业发展势弱,那么乡村振兴如同无本之木,也就无法从根本上实现乡村振兴目标,而且影响实现脱贫攻坚的进程。目前,吉林省伊通满族自治县以乡村振兴为助推器发展本地特色产业,不仅能够带动农民增收致富,也有助于营造更美丽宜居的乡村环境。这些举措将有利于推动乡村经济的稳步提升,促使更多的人脱贫致富,实现乡村产业振兴。

吉林省食用菌菌糠资源现状调查及营养价值评定

研究旨在为吉林省食用菌菌糠的合理利用和饲料化提供理论依据。通过对吉林省各地区统计局、农业农村局及规模化的食用菌种植户实地走访和电话调研,研究调查了吉林省菌糠总产量、各地区产量、分布地区、主产种类、原料组成、利用现状等情况,并对吉林省主产菌糠(香菇、平菇、榆黄蘑、黑木耳、杏鲍菇、白玉菇、元蘑和羊肚菌)进行常规营养成分分析和能值预测。结果表明:吉林省菌糠资源丰富,种类多,分布广,黑木耳菌糠、香菇菌糠产量较多,延边朝鲜族自治州、吉林市为主产区。吉林省菌糠的利用方式多用于燃料,其中也有一部分种植户选择将菌糠用于肥料、栽培作物或动物饲料,但也有种植户选择丢弃处理。吉林省内各类菌糠营养成分差异较大,干物质、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和钙含量普遍较高,磷含量较低,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量普遍高于玉米干秸秆。从预测的能值上看,除白玉菇菌糠和榆黄蘑菌糠的增重净能相对较低外,其他菌糠如羊肚菌、元蘑、黑木耳、香菇、平菇和杏鲍菇菌糠等都有相对较高的增重净能预测值。整体上看,吉林省菌糠具备应用于肉牛生产的潜力。