Simple Metrics for Representing East Asian Winter Monsoon Variability:Urals Blocking and Western Pacific Teleconnection Patterns

Instead of conventional East Asian winter monsoon indices （EAWMIs）, we simply use two large-scale teleconnection patterns to represent long-term variations in the EAWM. First, the Urals blocking pattern index （UBI） is closely related to cold air advection from the high latitudes towards western Siberia, such that it shows an implicit linkage with the Siberian high intensity and the surface air temperature （SAT） variations north of 40°N in the EAWM region. Second, the well-known western Pacific teleconnection index （WPI） is connected with the meridional displacement of the East Asian jet stream and the East Asian trough. This is strongly related to the SAT variations in the coastal area south of 40°N in the EAWM region. The temperature variation in the EAWM region is also represented by the two dominant temperature modes, which are called the northern temperature mode （NTM） and the southern temperature mode （STM）. Compared to 19 existing EAWMIs and other well-known teleconnection patterns, the UBI shows the strongest correlation with the NTM, while the WPI shows an equally strong correlation with the STM as four EAWMIs. The UBI-NTM and WPI-STM relationships are robust when the correlation analysis is repeated by （1） the 31-year running correlation and （2） the 8-year high-pass and low-pass filter. Hence, these results are useful for analyzing the large-scale teleconnections of the EAWM and for evaluating this issue in climate models. Int particular, more studies should focus on the teleconnection patterns over extratropical Eurasia.

Gross domestic product and dietary pattern among 49 western countries with a focus on polyamine intake

Socioeconomic status is known to affect dietary profile, and differences in food habits and choice may affect polyamine intake due to significant variations in the concentrations of the polyamines spermine, spermidine, and putrescine present in different foods. The relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) and dietary profile, with a focus on polyamine intake, was investigated for 49 different European and other Western countries. The data for food supply and GDP were collected from the database of the United Nations and the International Monetary Fund, respectively, and the amount of polyamine intake from food was estimated using polyamine concentrations listed in published sources. Countries were divided equally according to GDP values into two categories, higher and lower, and the amount and composition of food polyamines as well as dietary profile were compared. Higher GDP countries supply animal products and seafood in greater amounts than lower GDP countries;however, whole milk supply per calorie was higher in lower GDP than higher GDP countries. While crops supply was relatively higher in lower GDP countries, fruit supply was greater in higher GDP countries. Higher GDP was associated with increased amount of spermine and putrescine per total calorie, although spermidine amount per calorie was similar between higher and lower GDP countries. GDP, as an indicator of countries’ socioeconomic status, is associated with the amount and the composition of polyamines as well as dietary pattern.

Technical Note on a Track-pattern-based Model for Predicting Seasonal Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Western North Pacific

Recently, the National Typhoon Center （NTC） at the Korea Meteorological Administration launched a track-pattern-based model that predicts the horizontal distribution of tropical cyclone （TC） track density from June to October. This model is the first approach to target seasonal TC track clusters covering the entire western North Pacific （WNP） basin, and may represent a milestone for seasonal TC forecasting, using a simple statistical method that can be applied at weather operation centers. In this note, we describe the procedure of the track-pattern-based model with brief technical background to provide practical information on the use and operation of the model. The model comprises three major steps. First, long-term data of WNP TC tracks reveal seven climatological track clusters. Second, the TC counts for each cluster are predicted using a hybrid statistical-dynamical method, using the seasonal prediction of large-scale environments. Third, the final forecast map of track density is constructed by merging the spatial probabilities of the seven clusters and applying necessary bias corrections. Although the model is developed to issue the seasonal forecast in mid-May, it can be applied to alternative dates and target seasons following the procedure described in this note. Work continues on establishing an automatic system for this model at the NTC.

A Brief Comparison of Chineseand Western Thinking Patterns:Synthesis, Analysis, and Antithesis

A brief comparison of Chinese and Western thinking patterns reflects in synthesis and analysis, which including tortuous thinking pattern and straightforward thinking pattern. These two different thinking patterns influence our social life everywhere.

中华优秀传统文化元素融入大学英语写作课堂的教学实践研究

中华优秀传统文化是中国人民社会主义道路自信、制度自信、文化自信的重要源泉。加强中华文化教育,是构建中华文化传承体系,推动文化创新的重要途径。该文探讨在大学英语写作课堂上,以中华优秀传统文化的基本内涵为主要学习目标,从精选写作主题、找准写作视角、掌握英文语篇写作技巧和对比中西思维方式四方面入手融入中华文化教育,实现专业知识学习与文化素质培养的无缝衔接,助力中华文化以准确、适当、得体的英语语言有效地进行国际传播,让世界更好地理解当代中国。

The Forest Pattern and Its Variation Characteristics in Economic Zone on the Western Coast of the Taiwan Straits

Taking Economic Zone on the Western Coast of the Taiwan Straits as the study area,we use GIS,remote sensing,mathematical statistics and other methods,to analyze the forest pattern and its variation characteristics in Economic Zone on the Western Coast of the Taiwan Straits during the period 1992-2008;use canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)to examine the effects of environmental factors on changes in forest pattern.The results show that the forest resources are rich in Economic Zone on the Western Coast of the Taiwan Straits,accounting for 61.40% of the total area,but the geographical distribution is very uneven,with obvious regional and elevation gradient difference;since1992,the forest has been dwindling in Economic Zone on the Western Coast of the Taiwan Straits,from 89 300 km2 in 1992 to 88 300 km2 in 2008;in terms of changes in region and elevation gradient,there is obvious difference in the forest,and the central and western forest of Wuyi Mountain tends to decline obviously;the main environmental factors influencing changes in forest pattern in Economic Zone on the Western Coast of the Taiwan Straits include temperature,sunshine hours,GDP per capita and precipitation;evaporation,evaporation and population density have weak effects on changes in forest pattern.

符号学视域下西周凤鸟纹文创产品设计研究

引入符号学概念对西周凤鸟纹与文创产品设计之间的符号联系与意义进行探究,提高文创产品的文化属性的同时,也拓宽了传统文化在当代语境下的传播路径。从符号学理论的语构、语义、语用3个方面切入,分析凤鸟纹在不断演变中始终保留的本体纹样形制,运用打散、简化、重构等艺术手法,对其形符和意符进行概括,最后通过图形推演完成产品设计。为中国传统元素的活化提供了拓展性思路,同时中国传统文化的植入提高了国风文创产品的个性和品质。通过中华传统文化与西方设计理论融合,让传统文化在现代媒介中活化的同时也为现代文创产品提供新的设计思路。

川西传统店宅民居檐廊格局的类型与变迁——以罗城镇船形街为例

店宅民居作为过往地区经济发展的重要枢纽,其空间格局、结构形态均汇聚了地方人文地理、气候用材等特色文脉。文章旨在通过文献梳理、对比分析、实地调研等研究策略,就川西罗城镇船形街中店宅民居檐廊格局的建筑环境、构造方式进行深入研究,以此探究檐廊格局传统构造中的发展韧性,以期对川西地域店宅民居檐廊格局的改造更新产生理论指导作用,传承乡土文化,焕发地域新生。

西部大开发新格局背景下科技创新赋能甘肃高质量发展

以高水平科技创新驱动形成经济高质量发展的新质生产力是新时代新征程上西部大开发形成新格局的关键。以甘肃省为研究对象,选取2018—2023年科技创新与经济发展等相关数据,采用横向和纵向对比分析法,深入分析了甘肃省科技创新的基础与优势、短板与挑战,最后提出了科技创新赋能甘肃高质量发展的优化路径,包括深层次释放教育创新生产力,优化高等教育结构,进一步完善产学研协同创新体系;加快引育高水平创新人才,持续优化人才引育留用机制和环境氛围,促进全球优质人才资源“西北汇”;因地制宜构建现代化产业体系,着力提升企业创新能力和水平,进一步凸显企业创新主体作用;抢占数智经济发展新赛道,以“数据要素/信息技术+”加速创新要素流动,提高全要素生产率,促进区域科技创新能力系统提升,形成区域经济社会高质量发展的强劲动能,奋力书写中国式现代化甘肃实践新篇章。

内蒙古自治区西部山地沙被空间格局及其植被调查

内蒙古西部区山地广泛分布着沙被景观,但目前学者们对于山地沙被的研究还相对较少,对山地沙被的动态、特性、功能和空间格局也还认识不足。文章采用卫星遥感和实地考察相结合的方法,对分布于内蒙古西部贺兰山、狼山和雅布赖山的山地沙被空间格局、斑块数量和植物群落特征等进行了普查和分析。结果表明:贺兰山、狼山和雅布赖山山地沙被覆盖比分别为4.68%、10.61%和24.40%,表现为越接近较大规模沙漠,山地沙被的覆盖比越大。大多数山地沙被与上游沙源地沙漠间存在地表沙被连续性,在距上游沙源地较近处的山坡、沟谷分布较多;距上游沙源地相对较远处,山地沙被具有在山谷集中分布且在相对宽阔的沟谷堆积的格局;仅有少量山地沙被呈孤岛状存在于山地基岩之上。从空间连通性上看,山地有效阻碍了沙物质向东南方向的移动;但有些区域的上游沙物质已覆被到了山谷和山坡,形成了特殊的山地沙被景观,有些区域的沙被甚至翻越了整个山地,构成了两大沙漠间的连接带。另外,山地沙被空间分布范围在年代际尺度上相对稳定。从气候和植被的角度看,贺兰山、狼山西段、雅布赖山的山地沙被属于沙漠性质,狼山东段及中段的山地沙被属于沙地性质。山地沙被上的植物群落具有沙被植物群落和山地砾化山坡植物群落的双重特征,但更倾向于沙被植物群落类型。研究结果可为内蒙古西部贺兰山、狼山和雅布赖山的生态保护、修复、开发利用和灾害防御提供理论依据。

1961—1967年中国外销丝绸技术特征与设计风格研究

1961—1967年中国外销丝绸处于贸易对象转变的初始阶段,中西方文化的交融为丝绸设计指明了新的发展方向。文章以历史文献、外销丝绸样本的实物及图像为研究基础,从技术角度对该时期外销丝绸产品进行分析。研究发现:工艺设备的更新换代为外销丝绸的推陈出新提供了技术支撑,设计人员从原料、丝线加工、组织结构、织造经密、投梭、后处理等生产工艺入手,推动外销丝绸产品技术与资销需求相适应,并在中西方审美文化的交流碰撞下,从纹样题材、色彩、布局、造型等多方面实现民族风格与外来风格的平衡与融合。

西周凤鸟纹饰在文创产品中的创新设计与应用

文章以文创产品与西周凤鸟纹样相结合为目的,通过分析西周凤鸟纹饰的文化特征和艺术风格,揭示西周凤鸟纹饰的文化地位,同时展现其在青铜器艺术中的独特之处,为西周凤鸟纹饰创新设计提供新的思路。

湘西地区苗族服饰图案的现代开发与应用分析

苗族是湘西地区的主体民族之一,具有丰富且悠久的历史文化。苗族服饰作为苗族文化的重要载体,凭借独特的图案设计、精湛的工艺技术和深厚的文化内涵,成为中华民族传统艺术的重要组成部分。探讨湘西地区苗族服饰图案的现代开发与利用价值,分析其在现代设计、文化传承以及市场开发中的巨大潜力与重要作用,有助于为传统文化的创新传承开拓新的思路,为民族文化的发扬光大贡献力量。

贵州乌江流域人口收缩的时空格局演变及影响因素

以贵州乌江流域为研究对象,基于2000、2010、2020年3期人口普查数据以及2005年和2015年常住人口数据,探析贵州乌江流域县域人口收缩的时空格局演变,并探究其成因。结果表明:(1)贵州乌江流域人口收缩现象较为明显,2000—2010年和2010—2020年人口收缩县域分布较广,占比均超过50%。(2)研究期内人口持续收缩是主要特征,集中于下游地区,但分布范围逐渐缩小,中游地区人口变动剧烈。(3)基于收缩程度,研究期内以人口中度收缩为主,不同时期人口收缩程度起伏较大,随时间推移人口收缩程度有减弱趋势。(4)随时间演化人口自然增长因素对人口收缩演变影响减弱,人均生产总值、非农就业水平等经济发展因素影响力逐渐增强。

课程思政视域下西方经典建筑理论教学研究与实践探索——以建筑模式语言课程为例

高校不仅是知识技能的传播场所,更是思想教育工作的前沿阵地。当前在诸多专业领域,西方经典理论课程占据着重要的位置,若干西方先进做法也成为后发国家循迹、研修的对象。然而,部分高校教师在讲授这类课程时,存在“习惯自我否定、回避敏感要素”等一系列问题,不仅对于学生的思想、情感与道德判断造成困扰,也无法实现“价值塑造、能力培养、知识传授”三位一体的育人目标。该文以建筑设计类专业主修课程建筑模式语言为例,从多个维度、不同视角阐述西方思潮类课程思政的必要性与迫切性,继而将课程中的思政要素分门别类采用差异化的植入策略,压实授课内容并逐级深化,力求将思想政治工作贯穿教育教学的全过程,充分发挥好专业课教学课程思政“主战场”作用。

西秦刺绣图案在宠物服饰中的应用

随着宠物经济市场效益的快速增加,宠物服饰用品逐渐形成激烈竞争,宠物服饰图案设计的成功成为宠物服饰用品市场关注的重要因素,除了宠物服饰的实用性以及美观以外,宠物饲主对宠物服饰的需求逐渐升级为精神文化需求。在宠物服饰中的图案设计中引用西秦刺绣图案元素既是为了满足宠物饲主对宠物服饰用品的精神文化需求,也是为西秦刺绣寻找创新应用的新路径。

湘西苗族蜡染纹样的符号学分析

湘西苗族蜡染纹样不仅构成了苗族文化的视觉核心,更是其民族历史与文化精髓的象征。研究从符号学视角出发,对湘西苗族蜡染纹样的历史意义及文化内涵进行了深入探讨,并利用相关实物资料作为研究线索,对湘西苗族蜡染纹样符号的“能指”“所指”与“意指”之间的关系进行了详尽分析。研究发现,湘西苗族蜡染纹样在“能指”的层面上,其显著特征包括纹样组织中的节奏感与韵律感、整体构图的规整性以及物象的平面化处理;在“所指”的维度上,则显示出浓厚的崇拜性质。研究认为,通过对湘西苗族蜡染纹样的符号学解读,湘西苗族传统民族文化得到了进一步的挖掘与传承,不仅充分展示了中国传统文化的独特魅力,也为现代服装设计的发展提供了宝贵的参考。

西部陆海新通道沿线地区对外开放水平测度、格局及影响因素分析

对外开放度是衡量一个国家或地区竞争力的重要指标,也是经济发展水平的重要体现。通过构建适应西部陆海新通道沿线地区的对外开放水平测度指标体系和分析模型,对通道沿线地区对外开放水平进行测度,并对其开放度的影响因素进行分析。研究发现:西部陆海新通道沿线地区总体对外开放水平呈现着良好的增长趋势,但通道沿线地区对外开放度呈现西南地区显著高于西北地区,并形成以海南、重庆为高度开放区;广西、四川、陕西、云南为中高度开放区;新疆、西藏、内蒙古、宁夏为中度开放区;青海、甘肃、贵州为低度开放区四个等级层次的对外开放格局。实证分析发现西部陆海新通道沿线地区开放格局主要受地区经济发展水平、交通设施水平和国家开放战略的影响。

基于Landsat的生态系统格局及其变化评估研究——以吉林省西部地区为例

基于2000-2020年的3期Landsat TM/OLI影像,分析了西部地区生态系统格局及其变化情况。结果表明:通过对2000-2020年吉林省西部地区生态系统类型的分布与构成、面积变化率、转换特征的统计分析,系统地掌握了其格局状况及变化特征。评估得到:2000-2010年生态格局指标变化只有乾安县(0.85)为正向变化,上升幅度为1.71%;其余县域均为负向变化,生态格局指数减少最少为宁江区(4.27),下降幅度为8.95%。2010-2020年生态格局指标变化只有建成区的宁江区(0.07)和洮北区(0.42)为正向变化,上升幅度分别为0.15%、1.09%,其余的县域生态格局指标都减少,减少最少的为洮南市(1.82),减少幅度为3.91%。2000-2020年生态格局指标只有乾安县(0.33)为增多,增加幅度为0.67%;其余县域生态格局指标都减少,减少最少的为镇赉县(4.87),上升幅度为7.91%。生态格局为社会经济发展宏观决策和生态文明建设提供有力支撑,为维护西部地区生态安全提供科学决策依据。

Modulation of Tropical Cyclogenesis in the Western North Pacific by the Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation

The quasi-biweekly oscillation （QBWO） is the second most dominant intraseasonal mode over the westem North Pacific （WNP） during boreal summer. In this study, the modulation of WNP tropical cyclogenesis （TCG） by the QBWO and its association with large-scale patterns are investigated. A strong modulation of WNP TCG events by the QBWO is found. More TCG events occur during the QBWO＇s convectively active phase. Based on the genesis potential index （GPI）, we further evaluate the role of environmental factors in affecting WNP TCG. The positive GPI anomalies associated with the QBWO correspond well with TCG counts and locations. A large positive GPI anomaly is spatially correlated with WNP TCG events during a life cycle of the QBWO. The low-level relative vorticity and mid-level relative humidity appear to be two dominant contributors to the QBWO-composited GPI anomalies during the QBWO＇s active phase, followed by the nonlinear and potential intensity terms. These positive contributions to the GPI anomalies are partly offset by the negative contribution from the vertical wind shear. During the QBWO＇s inactive phase, the mid-level relative humidity appears to be the largest contributor, while weak contributions are also made by the nonlinear and low-level relative vorticity terms. Meanwhile, these positive contributions are partly cancelled out by the negative contribution from the potential intensity. The contributions of these environmental factors to the GPI anomalies associated with the QBWO are similar in all five flow patterns--the monsoon shear line, monsoon confluence region, monsoon gyre, easterly wave, and Rossby wave energy dispersion associated with a preexisting TC. Further analyses show that the QBWO strongly modulates the synoptic-scale wave trains （SSWs） over the WNP, with larger amplitude SSWs during the QBWO＇s active phase. This implies a possible enhanced （weakened） relationship between TCG and SSWs during the active （inactive） phase. This study improves our understanding of the modulation of WNP TCG by the QBWO and thus helps with efforts to improve the intraseasonal prediction of WNP TCG.