Integrated Development of Rural Tourism and Rural Poverty Alleviation in the Context of Rural Revitalization:A Case Study of Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province

As a good mode of getting rid of poverty,poverty alleviation through tourism can transform the advantages of local resources into industrial advantages,mobilize the local economic vitality,and effectively improve the income of farmers.Through the investigation and study of rural poverty alleviation through tourism in Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province,this paper analyzes the model of poverty alleviation through tourism formed in Enshi Prefecture,and puts forward the corresponding recommendations according to the problems encountered in the process of poverty alleviation through tourism.

Exploration of Development Status and Trend of Three Elements of Rural Areas in the New Era to Protect Achievements in Poverty Alleviation

The three rural issues of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers are important strategic issues in China’s development, are an important foundation for the agricultural country to realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Under the new situation of great victory in poverty alleviation, it is necessary to protect the fruits of victory and strengthen the construction of new countryside in the new era. From the current development situations of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, this paper explored the development trend of three elements, to provide a feasible path for protecting the achievements in poverty alleviation, and provide certain ideas for workers engaged in agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

The Content and Approaches of Human Resource Development in Impoverished Rural Regions in the Context of Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Poverty alleviation requires knowledge support. Targeted poverty alleviation, aiming to tackle rural poverty, needs to be supported by corresponding rural human resource development. Currently, China's human resource development in impoverished rural regions is faced with some major problems; a huge population distributed over a vast area, a lack of technological and cultural attainment, obsolete concepts, obsolete technical resources, and a significant gap between rural and urban education attainment. Rural human resource development, which is geared to targeted poverty alleviation, includes a variety of impoverished rural population-oriented trainings, such as intelligence development, skills training, modern professionalism &work attitude cultivation, physical & mental health education, as well as modern lifestyle & civilized manners guidance. Targeted poverty alleviation should be equipped with mechanisms of comprehensive layout & planning, coordinated advancement of development content and implementation, and a mechanism of organization & input. The approaches to the advancement of rural human resource development are enhancing basic education, building a system of vocational education and training, raising the social security level and improving the supporting mechanisms.

Review of Poverty Alleviation Work in Rural Areas in China and Its Future Prospects

Since the launched of reform and opening up,the Chinese government has made great efforts and provided a lot of funds to promote poverty alleviation and development in rural areas China has made great achievements in the cause of poverty alleviation and these have been recognized by the international community The infrastructure in poverty-stricken areas has also been continuously improved,and industrial activities have been encouraged in poverty-stricken areas to help promote self-reliance As a result of the government's actions the poor rural population has been greatly reduced,and rural people's living standards have been greatly improved Since the 18^(th) National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the central government has put forward a strategy of accurate poverty alleviation,implemented poverty alleviation projects in areas where poverty has stubbornly persisted and enhanced its efforts to finally eliminate poverty Under the vigorous leadership of the CPC,China is expected to achieve the goal of eliminating absolute poverty nationwide ahead of schedule

赋能型增长与嵌入式发展:脱贫地区特色小镇何以从帮“扶贫”转向助“振兴”——基于陕西省石泉县“金蚕小镇”的实地调查

精准扶贫时期,在产业扶贫政策推动下,中西部地区兴起特色小镇建设热潮。随着脱贫攻坚任务胜利完成,这些特色小镇的角色能否从帮“扶贫”转向助“振兴”,关系着巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接。从调研来看,大多数特色小镇在脱贫攻坚结束后并未实现可持续发展。一方面,是因为其长期依赖外部扶持,自身发展能力严重不足;另一方面,是由于其未能真正融入乡土社会,难以适应乡村振兴的要求。陕西省石泉县“金蚕小镇”的实践经验表明,赋能型增长与嵌入式发展能够有效应对当前脱贫地区特色小镇面临的“只能帮扶贫,难以助振兴”的发展困境。其中,赋能型增长主要通过对特色小镇的制度、经济、服务、人才方面进行赋能,为其从帮“扶贫”转向助“振兴”奠定基础;嵌入式发展则为特色小镇参与主体、产业协同、文化创新、数字技术等融入乡村社会建立起沟通桥梁,为其从帮“扶贫”转向助“振兴”提供了实现路径。

乡村振兴背景下脱贫农户返贫风险治理

在可行能力理论和可持续生计框架的基础上,构建了“返贫风险识别-返贫风险应对-可行能力发展”的分析框架。在此框架的指导下,基于云南省昭通市M跨县搬迁安置区的实地调研,分析脱贫农户返贫风险治理中存在的问题,并提出优化路径。研究发现,脱贫农户面临多重返贫风险,生计转型困难;安置区产业与就业不匹配,脱贫农户缺乏就近就业机会;基层网格员数据采集困难,动态监测评估指标滞后;脱贫农户内生动力不足,可行能力发展困难。针对这些问题,应建立“以建立防止返贫动态监测机制为基础,以促进脱贫农户增收为根本要求,以推动县域产业发展为主攻方向,以增强脱贫农户可行能力、实现全面发展为核心”的返贫风险治理体系,促进巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴的有效衔接。

李保国扶贫模式及其对乡村产业振兴的启示

在推进乡村全面振兴背景下深入学习和践行“李保国精神”具有重要的现实意义。通过对河北农业大学李保国教授生前打造的帮扶基地进行梳理调研,选取富岗苹果和绿岭核桃2个典型案例进行研究,提取“科技”“品牌”“人才”三要素进行剖析,分析其产业扶贫模式的内在逻辑和实现路径,总结出李保国教授在产业扶贫中科技成果供给的有效性和技术创新的集成性以及在主导产业、产业模式、科技传播方面连续升级,持续深入推进乡村产业发展的特点。针对乡村全面振兴背景下产业融合发展的现状与问题,要进一步弘扬践行“李保国精神”,把科技引领和创新作为全面推进乡村振兴的抓手,始终把生态文明建设贯穿乡村振兴全过程。

乡村振兴背景下增强原深度贫困地区内生发展动力:理论内涵与实现路径

实现后发地区和低收入人群的内生发展是世界贫困治理领域的前沿课题,也是中国脱贫地区面临的现实问题。以“三区三州”为代表的原深度贫困地区基础条件弱、返贫困风险高、政策依赖性强,有效实现其内生发展不仅直接关系到脱贫攻坚成果巩固和与乡村振兴的有效衔接,更是涉及全面建成社会主义现代化强国的重大议题。将习近平关于巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的重要论述和原深度贫困地区的实际结合起来看,内生发展的实现在“硬件”方面重在优化基础设施和提升产业帮扶的效率;在“软件”方面,需要长期坚持教育帮扶,依靠人的素质的提升增强内生发展动力;而在监督管理层面,应当优化区域发展评价体系,加强乡村经济社会统计核算,落实区域性内生发展的动态评估和检测。

论资产为本社区发展模式的四种取向

资产为本社区发展模式已成为一个被广泛认同的社区发展实践模式。通过梳理现有的理论和实践成果发现,学界已经形成了理解资产为本社区发展实践模式的四种取向:资产建设取向、权利取向、社区驱动取向和优势取向。不同的理论和实践取向将产生不同的社区发展思路和方向。在后扶贫时代以及乡村振兴背景下,资产为本社区发展模式给予当下的反贫困和乡村振兴工作四点重要启示:看待乡村和贫困农户的视角要实现从问题取向到优势视角的转变;尝试探索金融方法在反贫困中的创新性运用;培育乡村和贫困人群的主体性;积极推动农村、农民的组织化。

扶贫车间潜力挖掘及其对接乡村产业振兴的途径

脱贫攻坚期间建设的扶贫车间很大程度上占用了贫困地区最佳的产业要素资源,充分发挥其潜力对支撑脱贫地区乡村产业振兴至关重要。基于对湖北省某贫困市现场调查的扶贫车间运营现状、扶贫车间负责人和乡村群体访谈信息,回溯了该市调查扶贫车间建设模式和实际成效,分析了扶贫车间建设和经营过程中存在的主要问题,进而结合持续推进乡村产业振兴的要求,提出贫困地区扶贫车间后续发展对策及其与乡村产业振兴对接的5种主要途径。

职业教育服务精准扶贫与乡村振兴战略有效衔接策略的探索

党的十九大以习近平同志为核心的党中央前瞻性地提出了乡村振兴战略发展规划,为巩固脱贫攻坚成果指明了方向,也为精准扶贫与乡村振兴战略的有效衔接提供了政策支持和实施保障。精准培养与乡村振兴需求相匹配的专业人才,持续推进现代涉农职业教育发展是振兴乡村的关键,是实现乡村发展与职业教育发展“双赢”的重大机遇,有利于进一步激发职业教育的使命感和提升职业教育的社会认同度。通过对精准扶贫与乡村振兴战略之间衔接逻辑关系和有效路径的研究,提出了职业教育服务精准扶贫和乡村振兴战略有机衔接的实施策略。

“目标—行动—反馈”框架下Z县脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴的衔接路径——基于产业发展的视角

脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴的有效衔接是建成社会主义现代化新农村,实现中国式现代化的关键所在,然而,该问题在目前阶段仍然面临着理论与实践的挑战。基于解答疑问和应对挑战的内在逻辑驱动,文章首先梳理了从脱贫攻坚转向乡村振兴的宏观政策背景,揭示了有效衔接的重要性和必要性;其次在“目标—过程—反馈”的分析框架下,从地方政策目标接续、产业发展行动变革、成果反馈机制构建三个方面对山西省Z县的案例资料展开分析,以期更全面地呈现基层实践中的衔接路径和基层治理样态,尝试为我国乡村振兴提供破解难题的关键路径参考。

巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接背景下湘西地区产业振兴的机遇·挑战与路径——以怀化市鹤城区为例

“十四五”时期是实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的关键期,产业发展是巩固拓展脱贫成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的最大结合点,产业振兴是乡村振兴的基础和关键。在此背景下,科学分析以怀化市鹤城区为代表的湘西地区在脱贫攻坚取得全面胜利,乡村振兴取得良好成效的形势下,产业振兴存在着产业带动能力不足,产业振兴主力军不足,财政应保尽保压力大,消费拉动潜力不足,产业发展支撑基础薄弱等挑战和制约因素。新时代推进西部大开发、中部崛起、承接产业转移、“三高四新”战略和国内消费升级,为产业振兴带来极为重要的政策机遇和市场机遇。实现湘西地区产业振兴应充分抓住历史机遇,坚持优化产业发展空间布局,完善产业链,推进产业集聚区建设,发展新型农业经营主体,培育农产品品牌,促进产销精准对接等六大路径。

乡村振兴背景下三产有效融合的特色乡村综合发展模式研究——以湖南万樟集团为例

我国企业在推进行业扶贫、扶贫开发等领域,积累了丰富的宝贵经验。根据我国企业实施三产融合发展方式的经验与规则与乡村振兴的发展,发现两者之间需要相互适应,在实践中发现存在的问题和不足,并制订相应的对策,使三产融合与乡村振兴有机地融合起来。研究这种新型的发展方式,有助于实现以产业脱贫带动农户增收,促进乡村振兴。基于湖南万樟公司对于扶贫、乡村振兴等方面的深刻认识,并对其在乡村振兴中的导向功能,研究立足于扶贫与乡村振兴的现实需要,构建一套企业带动脱贫户增收、乡村振兴的理论框架,并对企业对精准扶贫、防止返贫、乡村振兴的路径与效果进行归纳。这对于推进的相关理论与实践有着重要的参考价值。

Rural land engineering and poverty alleviation:Lessons from typical regions in China

Poverty is a key issue restricting rural sustainable development; concurrently, regional land degradation impedes agricultural development and rural revitalization. China faces severe land degradation and deepening rural poverty under the context of rapid urbanization. To address these challenges, sustainable land use is an important tool in our society's economic development. Rural engineering, including rural land consolidation, reclamation, restoration, reallocation, improvement, and development, is the most direct and effective way to achieve rural sustainable poverty alleviation. This study clarifies the framework between land engineering and rural poverty alleviation, and introduces land engineering technologies, newly created land utilization practices, and the contributions to poverty alleviation in representative degraded land regions. Land engineering can increase land quantity,improve land quality, enhance land ecological function, and promote man-land system coupling. Further, it can erase rural poverty by increasing county revenue and households' income, lead to industrial development, and improve living environment. Specifically, degraded sandy land, gully land, hollowed construction land, and barren hilly land are transformed into productive land by improving the land structure. Innovated land engineering technologies and sustainable land utilization modes can provide the basic theories and reference approaches for rural poverty alleviation. Identifying obstacles to effective land and corresponding engineering practices are crucial to regional land exploitation and development, improving quality of life and alleviating rural poverty.

1996-2020年中国旅游减贫研究热点、演进与展望

系统梳理旅游减贫相关研究脉络并预测其研究趋势,能为巩固拓展旅游脱贫成果、推动脱贫地区经济发展和实现乡村振兴提供理论参考。该文借助CiteSpace软件对国内旅游减贫研究的文献特征、研究力量、研究热点、研究阶段及发展趋势进行探索性分析,结果显示:相关研究文献数量虽然呈逐步增长趋势,但研究力量较薄弱,旅游(精准)扶贫、乡村旅游、旅游扶贫模式、旅游扶贫效率及其与乡村振兴的关系等是旅游减贫领域中热度性强的重要议题,具体可划分为开发式旅游减贫早期探讨阶段、综合式旅游减贫缓慢增长阶段和旅游精准减贫成熟完善阶段。新时代旅游减贫阻贫长效机制构建、多主体参与旅游减贫模式、旅游减贫绩效、旅游减贫与生态环境协调发展、旅游减贫与乡村振兴衔接的逻辑与路径等重要命题有望成为研究热点和前沿问题。

西部地区农业保险扶贫机制模式创新及与乡村振兴有效衔接的路径研究

农业保险具有风险分散、经济损失补偿、担保增信功能,与农村扶贫需求天然契合。通过系统梳理分析农业保险在我国西部农村脱贫攻坚中的体制机制创新、典型模式及案例,用西部12省(区、市)的面板数据,测度贫困指数,评价分析脱贫效果、影响因素及存在问题,提出农业保险在巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、保驾护航乡村振兴战略高质量实施中进一步发挥作用的路径与对策建议。

乡村振兴背景下直播电商推动消费扶贫可持续发展机制研究

当前直播电商的兴起并实现快速发展,已成为推动消费扶贫及乡村振兴的重要手段。随着乡村振兴战略的正式落地及日益深入,基于消费扶贫的相关问题越发凸显,亟须进一步深化。直播电商作为新媒介,架起了贫困人口与消费扶贫主体之间的桥梁。本文首先分析了乡村振兴背景下,直播电商、消费扶贫与乡村振兴的关系,并研究得出了乡村振兴背景下直播电商推动消费扶贫可持续发展的机制。

产业扶贫与乡村产业振兴的有效衔接:逻辑框架、挑战与路径

产业发展是推动巩固脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的重要因素,将脱贫攻坚阶段的产业扶贫经验应用到乡村振兴建设是当前一个重要研究课题。从产业发展视角分析如何实现脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴的有效衔接。首先,基于产业扶贫经验和产业发展逻辑构建“要素—市场—公共品”分析框架,并应用该框架来厘清“产业扶持”与“产业发展”有效衔接的经济逻辑。然后,从“要素—市场—公共品”维度讨论有效衔接所面临的现实挑战,发现乡村产业发展面临要素禀赋先天不足、市场能力欠缺以及公共品供给结构失衡等问题。最后,从要素、市场和公共品供给(包括制度供给)3个维度进行政策讨论。

构建过渡期后农村低收入人口帮扶机制--脱贫攻坚的经验与对农村低收入人口帮扶的启示

脱贫攻坚战的全面胜利使农村贫困群体成功摆脱了绝对贫困的困境。在过渡期后如何构建农村低收入人口帮扶机制是全面实现共同富裕的关键性议题。农村低收入人口帮扶工作将会是一项长期的任务,需要紧密结合实际情况,采取更加科学和针对性的措施,为低收入人口提供外部推力,以确保他们能够实现持续增收和稳定的生活水平。借鉴脱贫攻坚时期对贫困户的帮扶经验,可从延续并优化组织体系、继续坚持精准帮扶方略、继续培育低收入人口持续发展的内生动力等方面构建出过渡期后低收入人口帮扶机制。