A promising and practical chrome-free tanning system has been developed based on a novel Al–Zr bimetal complex tanning agent.However,to achieve satisfactory resultant leather,the retanning process that is compatible ...A promising and practical chrome-free tanning system has been developed based on a novel Al–Zr bimetal complex tanning agent.However,to achieve satisfactory resultant leather,the retanning process that is compatible with this emerging tannage needs to be investigated systematically.This paper aims to explore the interaction between the bimetal complex tanned wet white and retanning agents.The isoelectric point(pI)of wet white was 7.2,which was nearly the same as wet blue.The electropositivity of wet white was even higher than that of wet blue during post-tanning processes,resulting in higher uptake rate of retanning agents.The distribution of various retanning agents in wet white was analyzed by pI measurement of layered leather and fluorescent tracing technique.The retanning agents were unevenly distributed throughout the cross-section,which might be an important restriction factor in obtaining satisfactory organoleptic properties of the crust leather.This fact is mainly due to the strong electrostatic interaction between anionic retanning agents and wet white.Applying a high dosage of multiple retanning agents in a proper sequence of addition benefited the full penetration of retanning agents in leather matrix and thus improved the organoleptic properties of crust leather.This work provides guidance for optimizing retanning process of the wet white leather.展开更多
以蛋清蛋白(Egg White Protein,EWP)为主要原料,研究低聚半乳糖(Galactooligosaccharides,GOS)改性对蛋清蛋白凝胶性能的影响,并探讨其凝胶机理。首先研究了GOS添加量及热诱导条件对复合凝胶硬度和弹性的影响,然后通过低场核磁、流变仪...以蛋清蛋白(Egg White Protein,EWP)为主要原料,研究低聚半乳糖(Galactooligosaccharides,GOS)改性对蛋清蛋白凝胶性能的影响,并探讨其凝胶机理。首先研究了GOS添加量及热诱导条件对复合凝胶硬度和弹性的影响,然后通过低场核磁、流变仪、傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜等手段对复合凝胶的色差、保水性、流变特性、分子间作用力及微观结构进行分析,探究糖基化改性提高EWP凝胶特性机理。结果表明,GOS添加量及热诱导条件能够显著(P<0.05)影响复合凝胶的质构特性,与EWP凝胶相比,在最佳条件下制得的复合凝胶硬度和弹性分别增加68.30%和15.05%,白度下降23.37%,保水性增加27.54%。EWP经糖基化改性后,疏水相互作用及二硫键贡献增强,GOS碳氧双键与EWP伯氨基发生共价交联,使凝胶的微观结构更加致密、保水性更强。本研究为蛋清蛋白湿法糖基化改性的制备及应用提供理论基础。展开更多
Based on the corresponding relationship chart of saturation humidity and temperature of wet flue gas,the formation mechanism of"white smoke plume"and the technology of eliminating white smoke from flue gas w...Based on the corresponding relationship chart of saturation humidity and temperature of wet flue gas,the formation mechanism of"white smoke plume"and the technology of eliminating white smoke from flue gas were analyzed.Besides,the energy balance of each elimination technology was calculated according to the theoretical formulas,and"energy saving"was compared.The technology of eliminating white smoke from flue gas needs to solve the problems of"emission reduction"and"energy conservation"in industrial enterprises.It brings new ideas and directions to enterprises for"energy conservation and emission reduction",eases the pressure on enterprises to protect the environment,improves enterprises'use efficiency of primary energy,and provides a reliable choice for enterprises to survive and enhance their competitiveness.In addition,it can effectively solve the dehumidification and elimination of wet flue gas,not only eliminate the pollution from white smoke plume,but also achieve environmental protection up-to-standard and ultra-low near zero emission at low cost,enhance the efficiency of coal combustion,in particular recover the moisture and residual heat in flue gas,and solve the contradiction between the environment and development.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21506129).
文摘A promising and practical chrome-free tanning system has been developed based on a novel Al–Zr bimetal complex tanning agent.However,to achieve satisfactory resultant leather,the retanning process that is compatible with this emerging tannage needs to be investigated systematically.This paper aims to explore the interaction between the bimetal complex tanned wet white and retanning agents.The isoelectric point(pI)of wet white was 7.2,which was nearly the same as wet blue.The electropositivity of wet white was even higher than that of wet blue during post-tanning processes,resulting in higher uptake rate of retanning agents.The distribution of various retanning agents in wet white was analyzed by pI measurement of layered leather and fluorescent tracing technique.The retanning agents were unevenly distributed throughout the cross-section,which might be an important restriction factor in obtaining satisfactory organoleptic properties of the crust leather.This fact is mainly due to the strong electrostatic interaction between anionic retanning agents and wet white.Applying a high dosage of multiple retanning agents in a proper sequence of addition benefited the full penetration of retanning agents in leather matrix and thus improved the organoleptic properties of crust leather.This work provides guidance for optimizing retanning process of the wet white leather.
文摘以蛋清蛋白(Egg White Protein,EWP)为主要原料,研究低聚半乳糖(Galactooligosaccharides,GOS)改性对蛋清蛋白凝胶性能的影响,并探讨其凝胶机理。首先研究了GOS添加量及热诱导条件对复合凝胶硬度和弹性的影响,然后通过低场核磁、流变仪、傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜等手段对复合凝胶的色差、保水性、流变特性、分子间作用力及微观结构进行分析,探究糖基化改性提高EWP凝胶特性机理。结果表明,GOS添加量及热诱导条件能够显著(P<0.05)影响复合凝胶的质构特性,与EWP凝胶相比,在最佳条件下制得的复合凝胶硬度和弹性分别增加68.30%和15.05%,白度下降23.37%,保水性增加27.54%。EWP经糖基化改性后,疏水相互作用及二硫键贡献增强,GOS碳氧双键与EWP伯氨基发生共价交联,使凝胶的微观结构更加致密、保水性更强。本研究为蛋清蛋白湿法糖基化改性的制备及应用提供理论基础。
文摘Based on the corresponding relationship chart of saturation humidity and temperature of wet flue gas,the formation mechanism of"white smoke plume"and the technology of eliminating white smoke from flue gas were analyzed.Besides,the energy balance of each elimination technology was calculated according to the theoretical formulas,and"energy saving"was compared.The technology of eliminating white smoke from flue gas needs to solve the problems of"emission reduction"and"energy conservation"in industrial enterprises.It brings new ideas and directions to enterprises for"energy conservation and emission reduction",eases the pressure on enterprises to protect the environment,improves enterprises'use efficiency of primary energy,and provides a reliable choice for enterprises to survive and enhance their competitiveness.In addition,it can effectively solve the dehumidification and elimination of wet flue gas,not only eliminate the pollution from white smoke plume,but also achieve environmental protection up-to-standard and ultra-low near zero emission at low cost,enhance the efficiency of coal combustion,in particular recover the moisture and residual heat in flue gas,and solve the contradiction between the environment and development.
