Effects of Shenqi Xiangyi granules in advanced gastric cancer chemotherapy

BACKGROUND Owing to the absence of specific symptoms in early-stage gastric cancer,most patients are diagnosed at intermediate or advanced stages.As a result,treatment often shifts from surgery to other therapies,with chemotherapy and targeted therapies being the primary options for advanced gastric cancer treatment.A total of 116 patients with advanced gastric cancer,admitted from January 2021 to December 2023,were selected and divided into two groups of 58 each using the random number table method.The control group received FOLFOX4 chemothe-rapy(oxaliplatin+calcium+folinate+5-fluorouracil)combined with intravenous sindilizumab.The observation group received the same treatment as the control group,supplemented by oral administration of Senqi Shiyiwei granules.Both groups underwent treatment cycles of 3 weeks,with a minimum of two cycles.The therapeutic efficacy,immune mechanisms,and treatment-related toxicity and side effects were compared between the groups.The objective remission rate in the observation group(55.17%)was higher than that of the control group(36.21%)(P<0.05).After two treatment cycle,CD3+,CD4+,and CD4+/CD8+levels were higher in the observation group compared to the control group,while CD8+,regulatory T cells,and natural killer cells were lower(P<0.05).Additionally,the incidence of leukopenia,nausea,and vomiting was lower in observed group(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed in the incidence of other adverse reactions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Adjuvant therapy with Shenqixian granules may enhance the efficacy of simudizumab combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer and the immune function by increasing immune cell counts,making it a valuable option in clinical treatment.

基于SAT的GRANULE算法不可能差分分析

基于布尔可满足性问题(SAT)的自动化搜索方法可以直接刻画与、或、非、异或等逻辑运算,从而建立更高效的搜索模型。为更高效地评估GRANULE算法抵抗不可能差分攻击的能力,首先,基于S盒差分分布表性质优化S盒差分性质刻画的SAT模型;其次,对GRANULE算法建立基于比特的不可能差分区分器的SAT模型,通过求解模型得到多条10轮GRANULE算法的不可能差分区分器;再次,针对不可能差分区分器,给出改进的SAT自动化验证方法并验证;最后,将得到的区分器往前和往后各扩展3轮,对GRANULE-64/80算法发起16轮的不可能差分攻击,通过该攻击可以恢复80比特主密钥,时间复杂度为251.8次16轮加密,数据复杂度为241.8个选择明文。与表现次优的对GRANULE算法不可能差分分析的方法相比,所得到的区分器轮数和密钥恢复攻击轮数都提高了3轮,且时间复杂度、数据复杂度都进一步下降。

Factors Affecting Quality and Granulating Property of Pellet Feed

In order to ensure quality of pellet feed and improve production performance of animals, factors affecting the quality and granulating property of pellet feed were analyzed from the aspects of raw materials, process and equipments. The effects of these factors on production of pellet feed decline in the following order： composition and proportion of raw materials; material fineness; refining temperature and other refining factors; equipments like ring die and press roller; and cooling and drying conditions

An Update Method of Decision Implication Canonical Basis on Attribute Granulating

Decision implication is a form of decision knowledge represen-tation,which is able to avoid generating attribute implications that occur between condition attributes and between decision attributes.Compared with other forms of decision knowledge representation,decision implication has a stronger knowledge representation capability.Attribute granularization may facilitate the knowledge extraction of different attribute granularity layers and thus is of application significance.Decision implication canonical basis(DICB)is the most compact set of decision implications,which can efficiently represent all knowledge in the decision context.In order to mine all deci-sion information on decision context under attribute granulating,this paper proposes an updated method of DICB.To this end,the paper reduces the update of DICB to the updates of decision premises after deleting an attribute and after adding granulation attributes of some attributes.Based on this,the paper analyzes the changes of decision premises,examines the properties of decision premises,designs an algorithm for incrementally generating DICB,and verifies its effectiveness through experiments.In real life,by using the updated algorithm of DICB,users may obtain all decision knowledge on decision context after attribute granularization.

Effects of Post-expanding Lower Temperature Granulating Process on Growth Performance of Piglets

[Objective] The paper was to compare the effects of traditional granulating process and post-expanding lower temperature granulating process on starch gelatinization degree and in vitro protein digestibility of conversation feed, and growth performance of piglets. [Method] Sixty weaned piglets, 25 days old, were randomly divided into two groups, six replicates each group, and each replicate contained five piglets. Piglets in control group were fed with the conversation feed developed by traditional granulating process, and those in experimental group were fed with the conservation feed developed by post-expanding lower temperature granulating process. The trial lasted 28 d. [Result] Compared to traditional granulating process, post-expanding lower temperature granulating process significantly enhanced starch gelatinization degree of conservation feed by56.9%（P〈0.05）, and significantly improved in vitro protein digestibility of conservation feed by 11.48%（P〈0.05）. Compared to the control group, the feed intake of piglets in experimental group was increased by 21.63%（P〈0.05）; the average daily gain was increased by 27.61%（P〈0.05）; the diarrhea rate was lowered; and the feed gain ratio was improved by 4.51%（P〉0.05）. The results suggested that post-expanding lower temperature granulating process effectively enhanced feed digestion and absorption of piglets. [Conclusion] The paper provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for improvement of production process of conservation feed.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Biling Weitong Granules Combined with Trimethoprim and Vonoprazan in The Treatment of Reflux Esophagitis

Objective:To analyze the effectiveness of Biling Weitong Granules(BLWTG)combined with trimethoprim and vonoprazan in treating reflux esophagitis.Methods:Sixty patients with reflux esophagitis admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to March 2023 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received only the combination treatment of trimethoprim and vonoprazan,while the experimental group was treated with BLWTG based on the control group.The acid reflux and heartburn symptom scores,quality-of-life scores,clinical efficacy,Chinese medicine symptom incidences,and the occurrence of adverse reactions before and after treatment in the two groups were compared.Results:After treatment,the acid reflux and heartburn symptom scores of patients in the experimental group were lower than those of the treatment control group,and the quality-of-life scores were higher than those of the treatment control group(P<0.05).The total clinical efficacy of the experimental group was 96.66%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(73.33%,P<0.05).After treatment,the incidence of Chinese medicine symptoms,such as nausea and vomiting,abdominal distension and abdominal pain,and loss of appetite of the patients in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).During the treatment period,there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups,which indicated that the safety of the two treatments was comparable(P>0.05).Conclusion:BLWTG combined with trimethoprim and vonoprazan was safe and reliable in treating reflux esophagitis,effectively relieving the symptoms and improving its clinical efficacy.This treatment is worthy of popularization.

The Nature of the Elongated Granulations and Stretched Dark Lanes in a Newly Emerging Flux Region

In this study,we explore the elongated granulations and stretched dark lanes within the emerging anti-Hale active region NOAA AR 12720.Utilizing high-resolution observations from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope,we discern a prevalence of elongated granules and stretched dark lanes associated with the emergence of new magnetic flux positioned between two primary opposing magnetic polarities.These elongated granulations and stretched dark lanes exhibit an alignment of strong transverse fields and a significant inclination angle.The endpoints of these features separate from each other,with their midpoints predominantly characterized by blueshifted signals in the photosphere.This suggests a close association between elongated granules and stretched dark lanes with the newly emerging flux.Additionally,we find that the stretched dark lanes display a more pronounced correlation with strong blueshifts and photospheric transverse magnetic fields compared to the elongated granulations.The transverse magnetic field within these stretched dark lanes reaches magnitudes of approximately 300-400 G,and the inclination angle demonstrates an“arch-like”pattern along the trajectory of the stretched dark lane.Based on these observed characteristics,we infer the presence of an emerging flux tube with an“arch-like”shape situated along the stretched dark lane.Consequently,we conclude that the stretched dark lanes likely represent manifestations of the emerging flux tube,while the elongated granulations may correspond to the gaps between the emerging flux tubes.

Preparation of Ephedra houttuynia Granule and Its Therapeutic Mechanism of Anti-Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection Based on Network Pharmacology

The use of Chinese herbal medicines can replace antibiotics that cause drug-resistance problems,which are currently necessary for disease control.In this paper,a traditional Chinese medicine compound named Ephedra houttuynia granule for the treatment of Mycoplasma galliscepticum(MG)infection was prepared.Furthermore,its action mechanism was explored through network pharmacology.The optimal extraction and granulation processes of the compound were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method and L9 orthogonal test,and in the treatment experiment,Ephedra houttuynia granule showed a significant therapeutic effect on MG infection.In the study of network pharmacology,the results showed that the core targets of Ephedra houttuynia granule against MG infection were vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGFA),fos proto-oncogene(FOS),prepro-coagulation factor II(F2),etc.,the gene ontology/kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(GO/KEGG)analysis results indicated that the signaling pathways of neuroactive ligand receptor interaction,cAMP,IL-17,T cell receptor,and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)might involve in anti-MG infection.In conclusion,this study would provide a new idea for elucidating the action mechanism of other diseases in veterinary clinic,which had a certain guiding significance.

Buxu Tongyu Granule Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia by Activating Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Soluble Guanylate Cyclase to Inhibit Abnormal Vasomotion

Myocardial ischemia is a serious threat to human health,and vascular dysfunction is its main cause.Buxu Tongyu(BXTY)Granule is an effective traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for treating myocardial ischemia.However,the underlying mechanism of BXTY is still unclear.In this study,we demonstrate that BXTY ameliorates myocardial ischemia by activating the soluble guanylate cyclase(sGC)-30,50-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)-protein kinase G(PKG)signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)to dilate the arteries.BXTY was given by gavage for ten consecutive days before establishing an animal model of acute myocardial ischemia in mice via the intraperitoneal injection of pituitrin.The results showed that BXTY alleviated the symptoms of myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin in mice,including electrocardiogram abnormalities and changes in plasma enzymes.In addition,BXTY dilated pre-constricted blood vessels and inhibited the vasoconstriction of the superior mesenteric artery in a dose-dependent but endothelial-independent manner.These effects were eliminated by preincubating vascular rings with the sGC inhibitors NS 2028 or ODQ,or with the PKG inhibitor KT 5823.Moreover,BXTY increased the protein expression of sGC-b1 and the intracellular second messenger cGMP level in mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(MOVAs).NS 2028 or ODQ reversed these effects of BXTY.The expression level of the cGMP downstream effector protein PKG-1 increased after treating MOVAs with BXTY.NS 2028,ODQ,or KT 5823 also reversed this effect of BXTY.In conclusion,BXTY can improve the symptoms of acute myocardial ischemia in mice,and activating the sGC-cGMP-PKG pathway in VSMCs to induce vasodilation is its key pharmacodynamic mechanism.

The Therapeutic Effect of Biling Weitong Granules Combined with Oryz-Aspergillus Enzyme and Pancreatin Tablet on Reflux Esophagitis with Functional Dyspepsia

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Biling Weitong Granules combined with oryz-aspergillus enzyme and pancreatin tablets on patients with reflux esophagitis with functional dyspepsia.Methods:Sixty patients diagnosed with reflux esophagitis with functional dyspepsia who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University between June 2020 and June 2023 were selected and divided into two groups:the control group and the observation group,each consisting of 30 cases.The control group received oryz-aspergillus enzyme and pancreatin tablets only,while the observation group received Biling Weitong Granules in addition to the tablets.The clinical efficacy,Chinese medicine syndrome points,esophageal kinetic indexes,gastrointestinal hormone levels,and therapeutic safety of both groups were evaluated.Results:The total efficiency of the observation group reached 93.33%,significantly higher than the 73.33%of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,patients in the observation group exhibited significantly lower scores for Chinese medicine symptoms such as early satiety,belching,abdominal distension,abdominal pain,and loss of appetite compared to the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,the observation group showed significantly higher upper esophageal sphincter pressure,lower esophageal sphincter pressure,and distal esophageal contraction scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,levels of gastric motility hormone,vasoactive intestinal peptide,and gastrin were significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Throughout the treatment period,there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups,indicating comparable safety of the two treatment modalities(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combination of Biling Weitong Granules with oryz-aspergillus enzyme and pancreatin tablets demonstrates significant efficacy in the treatment of reflux esophagitis with functional dyspepsia,with a better safety profile.This finding warrants further clinical promotion.

Material basis and pharmacodynamic mechanism of YangshenDingzhi granules in the intervention of viral pneumonia:Based on serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology

Background:YangshenDingzhi granules(YSDZ)are clinically effective in preventing and treating COVID-19.The present study elucidates the underlying mechanism of YSDZ intervention in viral pneumonia by employing serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology.Methods:The chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood were examined using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS).Potential protein targets were obtained from the SwissTargetPrediction database,and the target genes associated with viral pneumonia were identified using GeneCards,DisGeNET,and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM)databases.The intersection of blood component-related targets and disease-related targets was determined using Venny 2.1.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using the STRING database.The Metascape database was employed to perform enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology(GO)functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathways for the targets,while the Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was utilized to construct drug-component-disease-target-pathway networks.Further,in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to establish the therapeutic effectiveness of YSDZ against viral pneumonia.Results:Fifteen compounds and 124 targets linked to viral pneumonia were detected in serum.Among these,MAPK1,MAPK3,AKT1,EGFR,and TNF play significant roles.In vitro tests revealed that the medicated serum suppressed the replication of H1N1,RSV,and SARS-CoV-2 replicon.Further,in vivo testing analysis shows that YSDZ decreases the viral load in the lungs of mice infected with RSV and H1N1.Conclusion:The chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood may elicit therapeutic effects against viral pneumonia by targeting multiple proteins and pathways.

Hepatocellular carcinoma:An analysis of the expression status of stress granules and their prognostic value

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a global popular malignant tumor,which is difficult to cure,and the current treatment is limited.AIM To analyze the impacts of stress granule(SG)genes on overall survival(OS),survival time,and prognosis in HCC.METHODS The combined The Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma(TCGA-LIHC),GSE25097,and GSE36376 datasets were utilized to obtain genetic and clinical information.Optimal hub gene numbers and corresponding coefficients were determined using the Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model approach,and genes for constructing risk scores and corresponding correlation coefficients were calculated according to multivariate Cox regression,respectively.The prognostic model’s receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was produced and plotted utilizing the time ROC software package.Nomogram models were constructed to predict the outcomes at 1,3,and 5-year OS prognostications with good prediction accuracy.RESULTS We identified seven SG genes(DDX1,DKC1,BICC1,HNRNPUL1,CNOT6,DYRK3,CCDC124)having a prognostic significance and developed a risk score model.The findings of Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the group with a high risk exhibited significantly reduced OS in comparison with those of the low-risk group(P<0.001).The nomogram model’s findings indicate a significant enhancement in the accuracy of OS prediction for individuals with HCC in the TCGA-HCC cohort.Gene Ontology and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis suggested that these SGs might be involved in the cell cycle,RNA editing,and other biological processes.CONCLUSION Based on the impact of SG genes on HCC prognosis,in the future,it will be used as a biomarker as well as a unique therapeutic target for the identification and treatment of HCC.

Efficacy and safety of Yangxue Qingnao Granules in treatment of migraine:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Yangxue Qingnao Granules(YXQN)is a Chinese patent medicine that has been commonly used in the clinical treatment of migraine.AIM To assess the efficacy and safety of YXQN alone for the treatment of migraine.METHODS We searched 10 databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials(RCTs)published before September 2022.Two review authors independently searched and screened the literature,extracted the data,and assessed the methodological quality of the studies using criteria from ROB 2.0,and analyzed the data using Review Manager 5.4 software.RESULTS A total of 12 RCTs including 767 participants with migraine met the selection criteria.We divided these studies into comparisons of YXQN with placebo,routine treatment drugs,and other Chinese patent medicines.The meta-analysis showed the following:(1)Efficacy:The YXQN group outperformed the placebo group[relative risk(RR)=0.29,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.15–0.43,P<0.00001],routine treatment group(RR=0.18,95%CI:0.09–0.27,P<0.0001),and Chinese patent medicine group(RR=0.27,95%CI:0.13–0.41,P<0.001);(2)frequency of headache:There was a significant difference between YXQN vs placebo[mean difference(MD)=-1.25,95%CI:-1.60 to-0.90,P<0.00001],routine treatment drugs(MD=-0.85,95%CI:-1.15 to-0.56,P<0.00001),and Chinese patent medicine(MD=-0.91,95%CI:-1.35 to-0.46,P<0.0001);(3)headache duration:We found great heterogeneity between studies,with no differences between YXQN and placebo(MD=-0.61,95%CI:-1.53 to-0.31,P=0.19)and routine treatment drugs(MD=-0.22,95%CI:-0.89 to 0.46,P<0.53).YXQN was more effective than other Chinese patent medicines in reducing headache duration(MD=-1.24,95%CI:-1.70 to-0.77,P<0.00001);and(4)headache severity:There was no significant difference between YXQN vs placebo(MD=-1.67,95%CI:-3.52 to 0.19,P=0.08),routine treatment drugs(MD=-0.53,95%CI:-2.02 to 0.96,P=0.68),and other Chinese patent medicines(MD=-0.49,95%CI:-2.83 to 1.85,P=0.68).Mild gastrointestinal adverse reactions were reported in three cases.CONCLUSION This study revealed that YXQN is effective and safe for treatment of migraine.

To explore the mechanism of Fuyang Jiebiao granules against viral pneumonia based on network pharmacology and pharmacodynamics

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Fuyang Jiebiao granule(FYJBKL)in the treatment of viral pneumonia.Methods:Firstly,a network model was constructed using network pharmacology to study the target expression sites of FYJBKL viral pneumonia,so as to determine the main targets and important signal transduction pathways for the treatment of viral pneumonia.Secondly,the main components of the drug and the main target are docked.Then,the fever,sweating and inflammation rat models were established to explore the antipyretic,sweating and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of FYJBKL.Finally,the contents of IL-17,IL-1β,TNF-αand IL-6 in blood samples of rats were analyzed by ELISA method,and the morphological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining.Results:Quercetin,luteolin,kaempferol,etc.,and the main mechanism targets are IL-17,IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6 and so on.Thirty signal pathways were identified by KEGG enrichment analysis,including interleukin-17 signaling pathway(IL-17 signaling pathway),human cytomegalovirus infection pathway(human cytomegalovirus infection),Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus infection pathway(Kaposi's sarcoma-as-sociated herpesvirus infection)and so on.After the study of molecular docking,we found that the contact efficiency between active substances and possible key targets is good.The high and middle concentration groups of FYJBKL significantly decreased the expression of IL-17,IL-1β,TNF-αand IL-6 in the blood of rats with inflammation(P<0.05).FYJBKL significantly reduced the foot swelling induced by egg white and inhibited the increase of body temperature induced by yeast in rats(P<0.05).HE staining showed that FYJBKL improved pulmonary fibrosis and inflammatory exudation to varying degrees.Conclusion:The effects of FuyangJiebiao granules on the related signal pathways of anti-virus,anti-immune and anti-inflammation as well as biological and cellular processes may be caused by the binding of quercetin,luteolin,kaempferol and other active ingredients to their shared targets.Fuyang Jiebiao granules can improve the related symptoms caused by viral pneumonia,and its mechanism may be related to the activities of TNF,IL-17,IL-6 and other related channels,which are multiple targets of inflammation regulation.

Synthesis of granulated Li_(1.33)Mn_(1.67)O_(4) via two antisolvent methods for lithium adsorption from gas-produced water

Gas-produced water is an accompanying wastewater in the natural gas extraction process,and it is a potential liquid lithium resource that contains a considerable amount of lithium.This study investigated the feasibility of using manganese-based ion sieves to adsorb and extract lithium from gas-produced water.And we focused on the applicability of two different granulation methods,extrusion and droplet,in gas-produced water systems.Two types of H_(1.33)Mn_(1.67)O_(4) particles were prepared by the extrusion method(EHMO)and the droplet method(DHMO).The porosity of DHMO was much higher than that of EHMO,and the adsorption performance of DHMO increased with the decrease of binder concentration.DHMO prepared with a binder concentration of 0.14 g·ml^(-1)exhibited the best adsorption performance in gas-produced water,and the Li^(+)adsorption capacity could reach 25.14 mg·g^(-1).In gas-produced water,the adsorption equilibrium of DHMO only took 9 h,and the adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The pore diffusion model(PDM)could well describe its adsorption process.Besides,DHMO showed a great selectivity to Li^(+),and the selectivity order of DHMO in gas-produced water was Li^(+)>Ba^(2+)>>Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+),Sr^(2+)>>Na^(+)>>K^(+).After 20 cycles,the Li^(+)adsorption capacity was still higher than 17.30 mg·g^(-1),and the rate of manganese dissolution was less than 1%.

Yiwei Xiaoyu granules for treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis with deficiency syndrome of the spleen and stomach

BACKGROUND The Correa sequence,initiated by Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),commonly progresses to gastric cancer through the stage of chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG).Although eradication of H.pylori only reduces the risk of gastric cancer,it does not eliminate the risk for neoplastic progression.Yiwei Xiaoyu granules(YWXY)are a commonly used composite preparation in Chinese clinics.However,the pursuit of excellence in clinical trials and the establishment of standardized animal experiments are still needed to contribute to full understanding and application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of CAG.AIM To demonstrate the effectiveness of YWXY in patients with CAG and spleenstomach deficiency syndrome(DSSS),by alleviating histological scores,improving response rates for pathological lesions,and achieving clinical efficacy in relieving DSSS symptoms.METHODS We designed a double-blind,randomized,controlled trial.The study enrolled seventy-two H.pylori-negative patients(mean age,52.3 years;38 men)who were randomly allocated to either the treatment group or control group in a 1:1 ratio,and treated with 15 g YWXY or 0.36 g Weifuchun(WFC)tablet combined with the respective dummy for 24 wk.The pre-randomization phase resulted in the exclusion of 72 patients:50 participants did not meet the inclusion criteria,12 participants declined to participate,and 10 participants were excluded for various other reasons.Seven visits were conducted during the study,and histopathological examination with target endoscopic biopsy of narrow-band imaging was requested before the first and seventh visits.We also evaluated endoscopic performance scores,total symptom scores,serum pepsinogen and gastrin-17.RESULTS Six patients did not complete the trial procedures.Treatment with YWXY improved the Operative Link on Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Assessment(OLGIM)stage,compared with WFC(P<0.05).YWXY provided better relief from symptoms of DSSS and better improvement in serum gastric function,compared with WFC(P<0.05).CONCLUSION YWXY compared with WFC significantly reduced the risk of mild or moderate atrophic disease,according to OLGIM stage,significantly relieved symptoms of DSSS,and improved serum gastric function.

Thin Layer Identification of Jiedu Shengxue Granules and Determination of Notoginsenoside R1 Content

[Objectives]To establish the quality standard of hospital preparation Jiedu Shengxue granules.[Methods]Scleromitrion diffusum and Prunella vulgaris in Jiedu Shengxue granules were qualitatively identified by thin layer chromatography(TLC).A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was established to determine the content of notoginsenoside R1 in the granule.[Results]The traditional Chinese medicinal materials in Jiedu Shengxue granules could be identified by TLC,and the characteristic spots were stable and clear.Notoginsenoside R1 had a good linear relationship in the range of 10.45-104.5μg/mL,with an average recovery of 98.52%and RSD=2.36%.[Conclusions]TLC and HPLC,as the quality control methods of Jiedu Shengxue granules,have high accuracy and good repeatability,which lays a foundation for the quality control of this mixture.

Network pharmacology investigation of the mechanism underlying the therapeutic action of Shikang granules in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injuries

Background:Retinal ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury often results in vision loss,and effective clinical management options are currently lacking.Shikang granules(SKG)are traditional Chinese medicine-based preparations commonly used in clinical practice for treating optic atrophy.Methods:Despite decades of clinical use,the precise mechanism of action(MoA)of SKG remains elusive.Here,we employ a network pharmacological approach to elucidate its MoA by identifying active ingredients and relevant targets using the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analytical Platform.Targets associated with retinal I/R injury were sourced from GeneCards,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,and DisGeNET.Venny software facilitated the identification of intersecting targets,which were then subjected to gene ontology functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis.To validate the protective effect and explore the MoA of SKG in retinal I/R injuries,we conducted experiments using rat models.Results:Our animal experiments demonstrated that SKG mitigated apoptosis following retinal I/R injury by upregulating the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and downregulating the expression of BAX,Caspase-9,Caspase-3,PARP,and cytochrome C.Additionally,SKG was found to increase the expression of PI3K and AKT.Conclusions:SKG may exert its protective effects by inhibiting apoptosis through modulation of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic protein expression,as well as activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Study on compound Duzhong Jiangu granule in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis based on transcriptome analysis strategy

Duzhong Jiangu Granule in the treatment of primary osteoarthritis(POA)model of postmenopausal kidney deficiency type in Hartley female guinea pigs after ovariectomy,and the correlation between gene expression of bone marrow tissue,cartilage tissue,and knee osteoarthritis.Methods:383-months-old Hartley female guinea pigs after one week of adaptive feeding were weighed about 400 g±20 g,numbered,and sorted by ear tag.Six of them were selected as normal groups by looking up random number tables.The remainder were removed from the bilateral ovaries to construct the postmenopausal kidney deficiency model,and castrated guinea pigs were used to construct the postmenopausal kidney deficiency POA model.After the modeling cycle,a guinea pig from the blank group and a guinea pig from the model group were sacrificed and the right knee was observed.The model was established and the experiments continued.There were five guinea pigs in the blank group,and the remaining model guinea pigs were randomly divided into model control group,high-dose group of compound Duzhong Jiangu granules,middle-dose group of compound Duzhong Jiangu granules,low-dose group of compound Duzhong Jiangu granules and design group,with 5 guinea pigs in each group.Blanks and model groups were given a cellulose sodium solution by gavage.The guinea pigs were sacrificed after 30 days of intragastric administration.The left knee cartilage and bone marrow of the blank group,model group,middle dose group,and high dose group of compound Duzhong Jiangu granule were collected and applied to transcriptome sequencing,and the sequencing data were analyzed,including differential gene expression analysis,functional enrichment analysis of database established by Gene Ontology federation(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis.The complete specimens of the right knee joint were collected,and the morphological changes of the cartilage of the right knee joint in each group were observed by saffron rapid green staining,and the subchondral bone was quantitatively analyzed by Micro CT so that the expression of TRAF6,MIP-1βand IL-1βprotein in NF-kappa B signaling pathway was detected by Western Blot technique(WB).Results:The results of Safranin Fast Green staining showed that Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules could effectively reduce the degree of morphological damage of articular cartilage in guinea pigs with the POA model.According to the analysis results of the subchondral bone structure under Micro CT,Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules can improve the bone condition of the POA model,thus delaying the process of degenerative changes of the knee joint.From the results of transcriptome analysis,Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules can inhibit the expression of related genes in POA model guinea pigs.According to the results of Wester Bolt verification,Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules can effectively improve knee osteoarthritis.Conclusions:The effect of Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules on OA is obvious,and its mechanism may be related to the expression of genes GZMK,Jchain,igkc,IGHV3-74,IGHV3-11,IGHV4-1,CCL5,and IGKV1–39.

The Economic Demands on the Method of Founding a Passive Brick House on Foamed Glass Granulate

The cost of acquisition of a passive house is a little higher than that of a conventional house.Proper design of a passive house should include not only thermal protection and stability of the construction,but it must also take into account the price demands on each of the proposed structures and solution of details.The paper deals with the financial comparison of the traditional method of a foundation on the foundation strips of plain concrete and the modern method of founding a passive house as brick construction on the reinforced concrete slab base with a compact subsoil layer of thermal insulation in the form of granules of foamed glass.