The dynamics of red edge parameters at different growth stages of wheat canopy was studied. The red edge position moved to the longer wavelength from erecting stage to heading stage, and returned to the original wavel...The dynamics of red edge parameters at different growth stages of wheat canopy was studied. The red edge position moved to the longer wavelength from erecting stage to heading stage, and returned to the original wavelength direction from grain-filling stage to maturity stage. The leaf total nitrogen content (LTN) is positively related to red edge amplitude (d λ red) and NIR platform amplitude (d λNIRP) and the correlation coefficient improved as growth stage extended. The chlorophyll content (TChl) is negatively related to d λ red from erecting stage to the elongation stage, and positively related to d λ red from heading stage to milky maturity stage. TChl is also positively related to d λNIRP. The leaf area index (LAI) is positively related to d λ red and d λNIRP, and the correlation coefficient improved as growth stage extended. It was concluded that d λ red and d λNIRP can be used as the indicators of winter wheat growth state, and guide the fertilization and irrigation decision making. The λNIRF is suitable for derivation of LTN, the d λ red for TChl, and the d λ red or d λNIRP for LAI.展开更多
Waterlogging is one of the most factors limiting wheat production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain of China,especially in the middle and late stages of wheat.Wheat varieties‘Jingmai102’(JM1...Waterlogging is one of the most factors limiting wheat production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain of China,especially in the middle and late stages of wheat.Wheat varieties‘Jingmai102’(JM102)and‘Yangmai158’(YM158)were planted to study the dynamic changes of photosynthetic characteristics in flag leaf and the influence of waterlogging at anthesis on the yield and components and dry matter accumulation and remobilization of winter wheat in above ground.The results showed that the SPAD values slightly increased at 1 day after anthesis(d),and then kept decreasing with the increase of waterlogging time.The decrease in SPAD value was more remarkably in YM158 than that in JM102.As for the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,the photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),potential activity(Fv/Fo)of photosystem II,and electronic transmission(Fm/Fo)on photosystem II increased first and then decreased with the increase of waterlogging days after anthesis.The quantum ratio of heat dissipation(Fo/Fm)had a tendency opposite to that of Fv/Fm,and the change range of JM102 was lower than that of YM158.For the grain yield and components,waterlogging at anthesis decreased the dry weight of single stem,grain yield,1 000-kernel weight,spikelet per panicle,and harvest index,and the reduction of JM102 was smaller than that of YM158.As for the accumulation and remobilization of dry matter,the accumulation of dry matter after anthesis decreased significantly under waterlogging condition(WL),and the reduction of JM102 was smaller than that of YM158.In conclusion,waterlogging at anthesis significantly affected the photosynthetic characteristics,yield and components in both varieties,but different varieties exhibited different tolerances to waterlogging stress and YM158 was more sensitive to water stress than JM102.展开更多
Four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties ('JD 8', 'Jing 411','Centurk' and 'Tam 202') were used to study the effect of heat stress on photosynthetic characteristics of flag le...Four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties ('JD 8', 'Jing 411','Centurk' and 'Tam 202') were used to study the effect of heat stress on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf blade, nag leaf sheath, peduncle, glume, lemma and awn during grain-filling stage. The results showed that heat acclimation during grain-filling stage increased thermotolerance of wheat with significant differences among different green organs. During heat stress, the decreases of the efficiency of primary light energy conversion (F-v/F-m) of PS II and pigment (chlorophyll and carotenoid) content were much slower in peduncle, flag leaf sheath and glume than in nag leaf blade, lemma and ann; and the percentage of decrease in net photosynthetic rate (P-n) of ear was lower than that of the nag leaf blade. The measured photosynthetic parameters (F-v/F-m, P-n and pigment content) of 'JD 8', a relatively heat tolerant variety, declined more slowly than those of the other three varieties during the whole heat stress period.展开更多
为有效识别基于APSIM模型籽粒生长参数中春小麦产量敏感性参数,快速并准确的估算当地模型参数。使用甘肃省定西市安定区凤翔镇安家沟村1971—2018年的气象数据和2000—2018年旱地春小麦大田试验数据,并利用EFAST方法对进行了5个增温梯...为有效识别基于APSIM模型籽粒生长参数中春小麦产量敏感性参数,快速并准确的估算当地模型参数。使用甘肃省定西市安定区凤翔镇安家沟村1971—2018年的气象数据和2000—2018年旱地春小麦大田试验数据,并利用EFAST方法对进行了5个增温梯度(0℃、0.5℃、1.0℃、1.5℃和2.0℃)下32个模型参数进行敏感性分析。粒子群算法对各个增温条件下均敏感的参数进行优化验证。结果表明:不同温度变化梯度下,对旱地春小麦产量影响最大的籽粒生长模型参数有9个,分别为消光系数、每克茎籽粒数量、穗粒数、单株最大籽粒质量、灌浆到成熟积温、出苗到拔节积温、株高、最大比叶面积和光合叶片老化的水分胁迫斜率。并且对产量敏感性强度有着显著的差异,其中消光系数和每克茎籽粒数量是对春小麦产量影响最大的参数,其他参数在不同温度下对春小麦产量的敏感性顺序存在差异。利用粒子群算法针对这9个参数进行优化,相较于优化前,优化后的春小麦产量、开花期和灌浆期籽粒干物质的均方根误差、归一化均方根误差和模型有效性指数均得到了显著改善,参数优化后开花期、灌浆期、成熟期产量的均方根误差平均值分别由13.50 kg hm-2减小到5.99 kg hm-2、183.17 kg hm-2减小到69.44 kg hm-2、141.69 kg hm-2减小到48.51 kg hm-2,归一化均方根误差平均值分别由4.94%减小到2.19%、10.92%减小到4.65%、8.39%减小到2.87%,模型有效性指数平均值分别由0.894提高到0.979、0.893提高到0.981、0.898提高到0.988。优化后的参数有效地提高了模型的预测精度。此研究为APSIM模型在当地应用和模型参数校准提供了科学依据。展开更多
基金supported by the Hi-Tech Demonstration Project of China National Planning Commitee(A00300100584)National Major Basic Research Project(G2000077907).
文摘The dynamics of red edge parameters at different growth stages of wheat canopy was studied. The red edge position moved to the longer wavelength from erecting stage to heading stage, and returned to the original wavelength direction from grain-filling stage to maturity stage. The leaf total nitrogen content (LTN) is positively related to red edge amplitude (d λ red) and NIR platform amplitude (d λNIRP) and the correlation coefficient improved as growth stage extended. The chlorophyll content (TChl) is negatively related to d λ red from erecting stage to the elongation stage, and positively related to d λ red from heading stage to milky maturity stage. TChl is also positively related to d λNIRP. The leaf area index (LAI) is positively related to d λ red and d λNIRP, and the correlation coefficient improved as growth stage extended. It was concluded that d λ red and d λNIRP can be used as the indicators of winter wheat growth state, and guide the fertilization and irrigation decision making. The λNIRF is suitable for derivation of LTN, the d λ red for TChl, and the d λ red or d λNIRP for LAI.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300107,2017YFD0300202-3)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371580,31871578)
文摘Waterlogging is one of the most factors limiting wheat production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain of China,especially in the middle and late stages of wheat.Wheat varieties‘Jingmai102’(JM102)and‘Yangmai158’(YM158)were planted to study the dynamic changes of photosynthetic characteristics in flag leaf and the influence of waterlogging at anthesis on the yield and components and dry matter accumulation and remobilization of winter wheat in above ground.The results showed that the SPAD values slightly increased at 1 day after anthesis(d),and then kept decreasing with the increase of waterlogging time.The decrease in SPAD value was more remarkably in YM158 than that in JM102.As for the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,the photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),potential activity(Fv/Fo)of photosystem II,and electronic transmission(Fm/Fo)on photosystem II increased first and then decreased with the increase of waterlogging days after anthesis.The quantum ratio of heat dissipation(Fo/Fm)had a tendency opposite to that of Fv/Fm,and the change range of JM102 was lower than that of YM158.For the grain yield and components,waterlogging at anthesis decreased the dry weight of single stem,grain yield,1 000-kernel weight,spikelet per panicle,and harvest index,and the reduction of JM102 was smaller than that of YM158.As for the accumulation and remobilization of dry matter,the accumulation of dry matter after anthesis decreased significantly under waterlogging condition(WL),and the reduction of JM102 was smaller than that of YM158.In conclusion,waterlogging at anthesis significantly affected the photosynthetic characteristics,yield and components in both varieties,but different varieties exhibited different tolerances to waterlogging stress and YM158 was more sensitive to water stress than JM102.
文摘Four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties ('JD 8', 'Jing 411','Centurk' and 'Tam 202') were used to study the effect of heat stress on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf blade, nag leaf sheath, peduncle, glume, lemma and awn during grain-filling stage. The results showed that heat acclimation during grain-filling stage increased thermotolerance of wheat with significant differences among different green organs. During heat stress, the decreases of the efficiency of primary light energy conversion (F-v/F-m) of PS II and pigment (chlorophyll and carotenoid) content were much slower in peduncle, flag leaf sheath and glume than in nag leaf blade, lemma and ann; and the percentage of decrease in net photosynthetic rate (P-n) of ear was lower than that of the nag leaf blade. The measured photosynthetic parameters (F-v/F-m, P-n and pigment content) of 'JD 8', a relatively heat tolerant variety, declined more slowly than those of the other three varieties during the whole heat stress period.
文摘为有效识别基于APSIM模型籽粒生长参数中春小麦产量敏感性参数,快速并准确的估算当地模型参数。使用甘肃省定西市安定区凤翔镇安家沟村1971—2018年的气象数据和2000—2018年旱地春小麦大田试验数据,并利用EFAST方法对进行了5个增温梯度(0℃、0.5℃、1.0℃、1.5℃和2.0℃)下32个模型参数进行敏感性分析。粒子群算法对各个增温条件下均敏感的参数进行优化验证。结果表明:不同温度变化梯度下,对旱地春小麦产量影响最大的籽粒生长模型参数有9个,分别为消光系数、每克茎籽粒数量、穗粒数、单株最大籽粒质量、灌浆到成熟积温、出苗到拔节积温、株高、最大比叶面积和光合叶片老化的水分胁迫斜率。并且对产量敏感性强度有着显著的差异,其中消光系数和每克茎籽粒数量是对春小麦产量影响最大的参数,其他参数在不同温度下对春小麦产量的敏感性顺序存在差异。利用粒子群算法针对这9个参数进行优化,相较于优化前,优化后的春小麦产量、开花期和灌浆期籽粒干物质的均方根误差、归一化均方根误差和模型有效性指数均得到了显著改善,参数优化后开花期、灌浆期、成熟期产量的均方根误差平均值分别由13.50 kg hm-2减小到5.99 kg hm-2、183.17 kg hm-2减小到69.44 kg hm-2、141.69 kg hm-2减小到48.51 kg hm-2,归一化均方根误差平均值分别由4.94%减小到2.19%、10.92%减小到4.65%、8.39%减小到2.87%,模型有效性指数平均值分别由0.894提高到0.979、0.893提高到0.981、0.898提高到0.988。优化后的参数有效地提高了模型的预测精度。此研究为APSIM模型在当地应用和模型参数校准提供了科学依据。