Public bidding is the international current practice to contract construction project. But the decision on the bidding often is made according to the qualitative evaluation based on the subjective opinion of specialis...Public bidding is the international current practice to contract construction project. But the decision on the bidding often is made according to the qualitative evaluation based on the subjective opinion of specialists. Therefore, the fuzzy mathematics principle was applied and a synthetic evaluation model was established to provide an effective method for the development of quantitative bidding decision in this paper.展开更多
Owing to overcoming the characteristics that there are many economic and technical indexes which are fuzzy and incompatibility to each other in evaluating investment project,a new method is proposed.The method is base...Owing to overcoming the characteristics that there are many economic and technical indexes which are fuzzy and incompatibility to each other in evaluating investment project,a new method is proposed.The method is based on the matter-element analysis and combined with the concepts of fuzzy mathematics,which is called the method of fuzzy matter-element analysis.It constructs the compound fuzzy matter element with the investment projects,evaluation factors and their fuzzy value.Through establishing the best subjection degree (fuzzy value),complex fuzzy matter element of relational coefficient and weight aggregation of fuzzy matter-element model,the writer achieves on optimum order of the investment projects according to the calculated relational degree and finds the best project.In this paper,the calculation of weight adopts the analytical hierarchy process method(AHP).Through the actual example,it shows that the model is simple and its calculation is reliable.It is very significant for the engineering evaluated bid and investment decision.展开更多
As the number of power terminals continues to increase and their usage becomes more widespread,the security of power systems is under great threat.In response to the lack of effective trust evaluation methods for term...As the number of power terminals continues to increase and their usage becomes more widespread,the security of power systems is under great threat.In response to the lack of effective trust evaluation methods for terminals,we propose a trust evaluation model based on equipment portraits for power terminals.First,we propose an exception evaluation method based on the network flow order and evaluate anomalous terminals by monitoring the external characteristics of network traffic.Second,we propose an exception evaluation method based on syntax and semantics.The key fields of each message are extracted,and the frequency of keywords in the message is statistically analyzed to obtain the keyword frequency and time-slot threshold for evaluating the status of the terminal.Thus,by combining the network flow order,syntax,and semantic analysis,an equipment portrait can be constructed to guarantee security of the power network terminals.We then propose a trust evaluation method based on an equipment portrait to calculate the trust values in real time.Finally,the experimental results of terminal anomaly detection show that the proposed model has a higher detection rate and lower false detection rate,as well as a higher real-time performance,which is more suitable for power terminals.展开更多
Unbalanced bidding is a cash flow management strategy that is recognized as an illegal/disqualifying practice by public owners;and unethical practice by most private owners. This practice provides the awarded bidder w...Unbalanced bidding is a cash flow management strategy that is recognized as an illegal/disqualifying practice by public owners;and unethical practice by most private owners. This practice provides the awarded bidder with unjustified advantages at the expense of the owner. Unfortunately, limited tools and techniques are currently available to identify and detect unbalanced bids during the evaluation process. This paper presents an innovative detection tool to identify unbalanced bids in unit price contracts during the bid evaluation process. The proposed technique develops BMDI graphs to visualize total markup variation patterns during the project lifetime to detect unbalanced bids. The proposed method also uses Monte Carlo simulation to take in consideration the impact of cost uncertainties and risks. An illustrative example was presented to show the capabilities and features of the proposed method in determining the status of submitted bids during the evaluation process.展开更多
BACKGROUND Congenital transverse deficiencies are horizontal deficiencies of the long bones that occur with a reported incidence as high 0.38%.They can occur alone or represent a manifestation of a various clinical sy...BACKGROUND Congenital transverse deficiencies are horizontal deficiencies of the long bones that occur with a reported incidence as high 0.38%.They can occur alone or represent a manifestation of a various clinical syndromes.Diagnosis has tradi-tionally comprised of conventional radiography and prenatal imaging studies.There has been much advancement regarding prenatal imaging modalities to allow for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.AIM To summarize the current state of knowledge on congenital transverse limb deficiencies and to provide an update regarding the radiographic evaluation of congenital transverse limb deficiencies.METHODS This IRB-exempt scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR checklist for scoping reviews strictly.Five search engines were searched for a total of 265 publications.Four authors reviewed these during the screening process.Of these,51 studies were included in our article.Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),3D Ultrasound,and multidetector Computed tomography(CT)exist are emerging modalities that have the potential to improve diagnosis.RESULTS Use of the appropriate classification system,three-dimensional ultrasonography with a maximum intensity projection,and appropriate use of prenatal MRI and prenatal CT can improve diagnosis and inter-provider communication.CONCLUSION Further scholarly efforts are required to develop improve standardized guidelines regarding the pre-natal radiographic evaluation of congenital limb deficiencies.展开更多
为深入挖掘录波波形在配电终端健康状态评估中的作用,提出了一种基于层次聚类与层次分析相结合的配电终端健康状态评估方法。通过动态时间规整(Dynamic Time Warping,DTW)算法计算源信号波形与终端录波波形的距离。将各指标对终端采样...为深入挖掘录波波形在配电终端健康状态评估中的作用,提出了一种基于层次聚类与层次分析相结合的配电终端健康状态评估方法。通过动态时间规整(Dynamic Time Warping,DTW)算法计算源信号波形与终端录波波形的距离。将各指标对终端采样的影响两两比较,构建比较矩阵,进行层次分析,计算各指标权重。将权重与各指标下的聚类结果相结合,提出适用于终端采样波形全局对比的评估体系。通过计算源信号波形与终端采样波形之间的相似度,与评估体系比较判定终端的健康状态,实验证明该方法能为配电终端的健康状态评估提供数据支撑。展开更多
随着电网运维部门对在线监测和智能化运检的重视,各种监测功能的智能终端逐步普及,针对投入使用的智能传感器,迫切需要一个成熟的平台和评估方法对智能终端的各项核心的性能指标进行校核和评估。以局部放电智能感知终端灵敏度、线性度...随着电网运维部门对在线监测和智能化运检的重视,各种监测功能的智能终端逐步普及,针对投入使用的智能传感器,迫切需要一个成熟的平台和评估方法对智能终端的各项核心的性能指标进行校核和评估。以局部放电智能感知终端灵敏度、线性度、数据稳定性、可靠性(环境适应性和EMC(electro magnetic compatibility))和电池功耗寿命5项核心的指标为研究对象,提出每个指标的评估方法。最后结合熵值法与灰色理论对局部放电智能感知终端评估建立量化评价体系,给出案例分析。通过8个智能终端的案例,利用熵值法赋权,通过灰色关联分析法计算各个指标的关联系数,最终计算得8个智能终端综合得分,其中最高评价得分为77.1%,最低得分为44.8%,分数差异明显。基于灰色模型的定量评分可以有效的进行局部放电智能感知终端评估。文中的研究结果为局部放电智能感知终端设备的参数和性能指标量化评价提供了指导。展开更多
为保证水电工程投资效益,提高承包商质量水平,提出了一种基于熵权的TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)承包商优选方法。结合评标的模糊性、复杂性等特点,从承包商的企业状况、施工技术、投标报价...为保证水电工程投资效益,提高承包商质量水平,提出了一种基于熵权的TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)承包商优选方法。结合评标的模糊性、复杂性等特点,从承包商的企业状况、施工技术、投标报价3方面筛选出10个重要指标建立指标体系;依据贴近度评判标准,构建承包商优选的熵权TOPSIS模型,采用熵值法确定评价指标的客观权重,进而应用逼近理想解排序法对水电工程承包商的综合水平进行评价。通过工程实例,分别运用均权灰关联模型、熵权灰关联模型、熵权TOPSIS模型作对比分析,验证了所取方法的适用性和优越性。研究结果表明:基于熵权贴近度的排序方法具有更高的区分能力,评价结果可较为客观地反映各承包商的优劣水平,达到更方便有效选择承包商的目的。展开更多
文摘Public bidding is the international current practice to contract construction project. But the decision on the bidding often is made according to the qualitative evaluation based on the subjective opinion of specialists. Therefore, the fuzzy mathematics principle was applied and a synthetic evaluation model was established to provide an effective method for the development of quantitative bidding decision in this paper.
基金Project supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development program of China (863 Program ) (No.2 0 0 2 AA2 Z42 5 1-2 10 0 41) Postdoctoral Scientific Foundation of Northeast Agricultural U niversity. (No. 2 40 0 0 9) and postdoctoral Scien
文摘Owing to overcoming the characteristics that there are many economic and technical indexes which are fuzzy and incompatibility to each other in evaluating investment project,a new method is proposed.The method is based on the matter-element analysis and combined with the concepts of fuzzy mathematics,which is called the method of fuzzy matter-element analysis.It constructs the compound fuzzy matter element with the investment projects,evaluation factors and their fuzzy value.Through establishing the best subjection degree (fuzzy value),complex fuzzy matter element of relational coefficient and weight aggregation of fuzzy matter-element model,the writer achieves on optimum order of the investment projects according to the calculated relational degree and finds the best project.In this paper,the calculation of weight adopts the analytical hierarchy process method(AHP).Through the actual example,it shows that the model is simple and its calculation is reliable.It is very significant for the engineering evaluated bid and investment decision.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB2401200)。
文摘As the number of power terminals continues to increase and their usage becomes more widespread,the security of power systems is under great threat.In response to the lack of effective trust evaluation methods for terminals,we propose a trust evaluation model based on equipment portraits for power terminals.First,we propose an exception evaluation method based on the network flow order and evaluate anomalous terminals by monitoring the external characteristics of network traffic.Second,we propose an exception evaluation method based on syntax and semantics.The key fields of each message are extracted,and the frequency of keywords in the message is statistically analyzed to obtain the keyword frequency and time-slot threshold for evaluating the status of the terminal.Thus,by combining the network flow order,syntax,and semantic analysis,an equipment portrait can be constructed to guarantee security of the power network terminals.We then propose a trust evaluation method based on an equipment portrait to calculate the trust values in real time.Finally,the experimental results of terminal anomaly detection show that the proposed model has a higher detection rate and lower false detection rate,as well as a higher real-time performance,which is more suitable for power terminals.
文摘Unbalanced bidding is a cash flow management strategy that is recognized as an illegal/disqualifying practice by public owners;and unethical practice by most private owners. This practice provides the awarded bidder with unjustified advantages at the expense of the owner. Unfortunately, limited tools and techniques are currently available to identify and detect unbalanced bids during the evaluation process. This paper presents an innovative detection tool to identify unbalanced bids in unit price contracts during the bid evaluation process. The proposed technique develops BMDI graphs to visualize total markup variation patterns during the project lifetime to detect unbalanced bids. The proposed method also uses Monte Carlo simulation to take in consideration the impact of cost uncertainties and risks. An illustrative example was presented to show the capabilities and features of the proposed method in determining the status of submitted bids during the evaluation process.
文摘BACKGROUND Congenital transverse deficiencies are horizontal deficiencies of the long bones that occur with a reported incidence as high 0.38%.They can occur alone or represent a manifestation of a various clinical syndromes.Diagnosis has tradi-tionally comprised of conventional radiography and prenatal imaging studies.There has been much advancement regarding prenatal imaging modalities to allow for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.AIM To summarize the current state of knowledge on congenital transverse limb deficiencies and to provide an update regarding the radiographic evaluation of congenital transverse limb deficiencies.METHODS This IRB-exempt scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR checklist for scoping reviews strictly.Five search engines were searched for a total of 265 publications.Four authors reviewed these during the screening process.Of these,51 studies were included in our article.Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),3D Ultrasound,and multidetector Computed tomography(CT)exist are emerging modalities that have the potential to improve diagnosis.RESULTS Use of the appropriate classification system,three-dimensional ultrasonography with a maximum intensity projection,and appropriate use of prenatal MRI and prenatal CT can improve diagnosis and inter-provider communication.CONCLUSION Further scholarly efforts are required to develop improve standardized guidelines regarding the pre-natal radiographic evaluation of congenital limb deficiencies.
文摘为深入挖掘录波波形在配电终端健康状态评估中的作用,提出了一种基于层次聚类与层次分析相结合的配电终端健康状态评估方法。通过动态时间规整(Dynamic Time Warping,DTW)算法计算源信号波形与终端录波波形的距离。将各指标对终端采样的影响两两比较,构建比较矩阵,进行层次分析,计算各指标权重。将权重与各指标下的聚类结果相结合,提出适用于终端采样波形全局对比的评估体系。通过计算源信号波形与终端采样波形之间的相似度,与评估体系比较判定终端的健康状态,实验证明该方法能为配电终端的健康状态评估提供数据支撑。
文摘目的分析体质量指数(Body mass index,BMI)与老年慢性心力衰竭(Chronic heart failure,CHF)患者血浆胱抑素C(cystatinC,Cys-C)、N末端B型利钠肽原(N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)水平相关性,并分析血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP评估老年CHF患者预后价值。方法选择2021年7月—2022年10月在本院接受治疗的192例老年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者作为研究对象,按照BMI指数分为肥胖组(49例)、超重组(68例)和正常组(75例)三组。对比各亚组患者血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP水平差异,采用Pearson相关性分析的方式探究老年CHF患者BMI指数与血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP相关性,对入组患者实施12个月随访,将患者按照预后情况区分为死亡组和存活组,对比两亚组患者血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP水平差异并评估预后评估价值。结果肥胖组患者血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP水平高于超重组,超重组患者血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP水平高于正常组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);入组老年CHF患者的BMI指数与其血浆Cys-C、NT-proBN水平均呈现明显的正相关性(r=0.7104,P<0.0001)(r=0.6603,P<0.0001);随访12个月显示,死亡组患者的血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP水平显著高于存活组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP对老年CHF预后评估曲线下面积(area under curv,AUC)为0.6930(P=0.0009)、0.7982(P<0.0001)。结论老年CHF患者随BMI指数升高,血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP水平逐渐升高,血浆Cys-C、NT-proBNP对老年CHF临床结局具有一定的预测价值,进一步研究有推广应用于老年CHF预后评估潜力。
文摘随着电网运维部门对在线监测和智能化运检的重视,各种监测功能的智能终端逐步普及,针对投入使用的智能传感器,迫切需要一个成熟的平台和评估方法对智能终端的各项核心的性能指标进行校核和评估。以局部放电智能感知终端灵敏度、线性度、数据稳定性、可靠性(环境适应性和EMC(electro magnetic compatibility))和电池功耗寿命5项核心的指标为研究对象,提出每个指标的评估方法。最后结合熵值法与灰色理论对局部放电智能感知终端评估建立量化评价体系,给出案例分析。通过8个智能终端的案例,利用熵值法赋权,通过灰色关联分析法计算各个指标的关联系数,最终计算得8个智能终端综合得分,其中最高评价得分为77.1%,最低得分为44.8%,分数差异明显。基于灰色模型的定量评分可以有效的进行局部放电智能感知终端评估。文中的研究结果为局部放电智能感知终端设备的参数和性能指标量化评价提供了指导。
文摘为保证水电工程投资效益,提高承包商质量水平,提出了一种基于熵权的TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)承包商优选方法。结合评标的模糊性、复杂性等特点,从承包商的企业状况、施工技术、投标报价3方面筛选出10个重要指标建立指标体系;依据贴近度评判标准,构建承包商优选的熵权TOPSIS模型,采用熵值法确定评价指标的客观权重,进而应用逼近理想解排序法对水电工程承包商的综合水平进行评价。通过工程实例,分别运用均权灰关联模型、熵权灰关联模型、熵权TOPSIS模型作对比分析,验证了所取方法的适用性和优越性。研究结果表明:基于熵权贴近度的排序方法具有更高的区分能力,评价结果可较为客观地反映各承包商的优劣水平,达到更方便有效选择承包商的目的。
