We investigate the polarization-induced doping in the gradient variation of Al composition in the pAl_(0.75)Ga_(0.25)N/Al_xGa_(1-x)N hole injection layer(HIL)for deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes(DUV-LEDs)with an...We investigate the polarization-induced doping in the gradient variation of Al composition in the pAl_(0.75)Ga_(0.25)N/Al_xGa_(1-x)N hole injection layer(HIL)for deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes(DUV-LEDs)with an ultrathin p-GaN(4 nm)ohmic contact layer capable of emitting 277 nm.The experimental results show that the external quantum efficiency(EQE)and wall plug efficiency(WPE)of the structure graded from 0.75 to 0.55 in the HIL reach 5.49%and 5.04%,which are improved significantly by 182%and 209%,respectively,compared with the structure graded from 0.75 to 0.45,exhibiting a tremendous improvement.Both theoretical speculations and simulation results support that the larger the difference between 0.75 and x in the HIL,the higher the hole concentration that should be induced;thus,the DUV-LED has a higher internal quantum efficiency(IQE).Meanwhile,as the value of x decreases,the absorption of the DUV light emitted from the active region by the HIL is enhanced,reducing the light extraction efficiency(LEE).The IQE and LEE together affect the EQE performance of DUV-LEDs.To trade off the contradiction between the enhanced IQE and decreased LEE caused by the decrease in Al composition,the Al composition in the HIL was optimized through theoretical calculations and experiments.展开更多
The well crystalline YAG:Ce^3+ phosphor was synthesized by sold-state method, and the temperature dependence of excitation and emission spectra of YAG:Ce^3+ phosphor were investigated in the temperature range from...The well crystalline YAG:Ce^3+ phosphor was synthesized by sold-state method, and the temperature dependence of excitation and emission spectra of YAG:Ce^3+ phosphor were investigated in the temperature range from room temperature to 573 K. With temperature increasing, it was noted that the emission intensity of as-repared phosphors decreased considerably more rapidly when pumped by 460 nm than by 340 nm. The temperature-intensity curves under different excitation wavelengths were obtained using an Arrhenius function, and the corresponding activation energies were also obtained respectively. Thus, the experimental phenomenon was discussed in terms of nonradiative decay rate. The effects of as-prepared phosphors on the performance of the white LED with changing temperature were also studied.展开更多
A very-high color rendering index white organic light-emitting diode(WOLED) based on a simple structure was successfully fabricated. The optimized device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 13.1 and 5.4 lm/W at 1,0...A very-high color rendering index white organic light-emitting diode(WOLED) based on a simple structure was successfully fabricated. The optimized device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 13.1 and 5.4 lm/W at 1,000 cd/m2. A peak color rendering index of 90 and a relatively stable color during a wide range of luminance were obtained. In addition, it was demonstrated that the 4,40,400-tri(9-carbazoyl) triphenylamine host influenced strongly the performance of this WOLED.These results may be beneficial to the design of both material and device architecture for high-performance WOLED.展开更多
All-inorganic CsPbBr_(3) perovskite quantum dots(QDs)have received great attention in white light emission because of their outstanding properties.However,their practical application is hindered by poor stability.Here...All-inorganic CsPbBr_(3) perovskite quantum dots(QDs)have received great attention in white light emission because of their outstanding properties.However,their practical application is hindered by poor stability.Herein,we propose a simple strategy to synthesize excellent stability and efficient emission of CsPbBr_(3) QDs by using 2-hexyldecanoic acid(DA)as a ligand to replace the regular oleic acid(OA)ligand.Thanks to the strong binding energy between DA ligand and QDs,the modified QDs not only show a high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 96%but also exhibit high stability against ethanol and water.Thereby warm white light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)are constructed by combining lig-and modified CsPbBr_(3) QDs with red AgInZnS QDs on blue emitting InGaN chips,exhibiting a color rendering index of 93,a power efficiency of 64.8 lm/W,a CIE coordinate of(0.44,0.42)and correlated color temperature value of 3018 K.In ad-dition,WLEDs based on ligand modified CsPbBr_(3) QDs also exhibit better thermal performance than that of WLEDs based on the regular CsPbBr_(3) QDs.The combination of improved efficiency and better thermal stability with high color quality indicates that the modified CsPbBr_(3) QDs are ideal for WLEDs application.展开更多
We demonstrate that power recycling is feasible by using a semi-transparent stripped Al electrode as interconnecting layer to merge a white organic light-emitting devices(WOLED) and an organic photovoltaic(OPV) cell.T...We demonstrate that power recycling is feasible by using a semi-transparent stripped Al electrode as interconnecting layer to merge a white organic light-emitting devices(WOLED) and an organic photovoltaic(OPV) cell.The device is called a PVOLED.It has a glass / ITO / CuPc / m-MTDATA ∶ V 2 O 5 / NPB / CBP ∶ FIrpic ∶ DCJTB / BPhen / LiF / Al / P3HT∶ PCBM / V 2 O 5 / Al structure.The power recycling efficiency of 10.133% is achieved under the WOLED of PVOLED operated at 9 V and at a brightness of 2 110 cd / m 2,when the conversion efficiency of OPV is 2.3%.We have found that the power recycling efficiency is decreased under high brightness and high applied voltage due to an increase input power of WOLED.High efficiency(18.3 cd / A) and high contrast ratio(9.3) were obtained at the device operated at 2 500 cd / m 2 under an ambient illumination of 24 000 lx.Reasonable white light emission with Commission Internationale De L'Eclairage(CIE) color coordinates of(0.32,0.44) at 20 mA / cm 2 and slight color shift occurred in spite of a high current density of 50 mA / cm 2.The proposed PVOLED is highly promising for use in outdoors display applications.展开更多
We characterized the 6,12-bis{[N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2,4,5-trimethylphenyl)]amino} chrysene (BmPAC), which has been proven to be a blue fluorescent emission with high EL efficiency. The blue fluorescent devi...We characterized the 6,12-bis{[N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2,4,5-trimethylphenyl)]amino} chrysene (BmPAC), which has been proven to be a blue fluorescent emission with high EL efficiency. The blue fluorescent device exhibits good performance with an external quantum efficiency of 5.8% and current efficiency of 8.9 cd/A, respectively. Using BmPAC, we also demonstrate a hybrid phosphorescence/fluorescence white organic light-emitting device (WOLED) with high efficiency of 36.3 cd/A. In order to improve the relative intensity of blue light, we plus a blue light-emitting layer (BEML) in front of the orange light emitting layer (YEML) to take advantage of the excess singlet excitons. With the new emitting layer of BEML/YEML/BEML, we demonstrate the fluorescence/phosphorescence/fluorescence WOLED exhibits good performance with a current efficiency of 47 cd/A and an enhanced relative intensity of blue light.展开更多
The interlayer(IL) plays a vital role in hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes(WOLEDs); however,only a negligible amount of attention has been given to n-type ILs. Herein, the n-type IL, for the first time,has be...The interlayer(IL) plays a vital role in hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes(WOLEDs); however,only a negligible amount of attention has been given to n-type ILs. Herein, the n-type IL, for the first time,has been demonstrated to achieve a high efficiency, high color rendering index(CRI), and low voltage trade-off.The device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 41.5 lm W^(-1), the highest among hybrid WOLEDs with n-type ILs. In addition, high CRIs(80–88) at practical luminances(C1000 cd m^(-2)) have been obtained, satisfying the demand for indoor lighting. Remarkably, a CRI of 88 is the highest among hybrid WOLEDs. Moreover, the device exhibits low voltages, with a turn-on voltage of only 2.5 V([1 cd m^(-2)), which is the lowest among hybrid WOLEDs. The intrinsic working mechanism of the device has also been explored; in particular, the role of n-type ILs in regulating the distribution of charges and excitons has been unveiled. The findings demonstrate that the introduction of n-type ILs is effective in developing high-performance hybrid WOLEDs.展开更多
We have synthesized Ca2Si5N8:Eu^2+ phosphor through a solid-state reaction and investigated its structural and luminescent properties. Our Rietveld refinement of the crystal structure of Ca1.9Eu0.1Si5N8 reveals that...We have synthesized Ca2Si5N8:Eu^2+ phosphor through a solid-state reaction and investigated its structural and luminescent properties. Our Rietveld refinement of the crystal structure of Ca1.9Eu0.1Si5N8 reveals that Eu atoms substituting for Ca atoms occupy two crystallographic positions. Between 10 K and 300 K, Ca2Si5N8:Eu^2+ phosphor shows a broad red emission band centred at -1.97 eV-2.01 eV. The gravity centre of the excitation band is located at 3.0 eV 3.31 eV. The centroid shift of the 5d levels of Eu^2+ is determined to be -1.17 eV, and the red-shift of the lowest absorption band to be - 0.54 eV due to the crystal field splitting. We have analysed the temperature dependence of PL by using a configuration coordinate model. The Huang-Rhys parameter S = 6.0, the phonon energy hv = 52 meV, and the Stokes shift △S = 0.57 eV are obtained. The emission intensity maximum occurring at -200 K can be explained by a trapping effect. Both photoluminescence (PL) emission intensity and decay time decrease with temperature increasing beyond 200 K due to the non-radiative process.展开更多
Levofloxacin (LOFX), which is well-known as an antibiotic medicament, was shown to be useful as a 452-nm blue emitter for white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this paper, the fabricated white OLED conta...Levofloxacin (LOFX), which is well-known as an antibiotic medicament, was shown to be useful as a 452-nm blue emitter for white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this paper, the fabricated white OLED contains a 452-nm blue emitting layer (thickness of 30 nm) with 1 wt% LOFX doped in CBP (4,4'-bis(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl) host and a 584-nm orange emitting layer (thickness of 10 nm) with 0.8 wt% DCJTB (4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-tert-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7- tetramethyljulolidin-4-yl-vinyl)-4H-pyran) doped in CBE which are separated by a 20-nm-thick buffer layer of TPBi (2,2',2"-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl)-tri(1-phenyl-lH-benzimidazole). A high color rendering index (CRI) of 84.5 and CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.33, 0.32), which is close to ideal white emission CIE (0.333, 0.333), are obtained at a bias voltage of 14 V. Taking into account that LOFX is less expensive and the synthesis and purification technologies of LOFX are mature, these results indicate that blue fluorescence emitting LOFX is useful for applications to white OLEDs although the maximum current efficiency and luminance are not high. The present paper is expected to become a milestone to using medical drug materials for OLEDs.展开更多
White organic light-emitting diodes with a blue emitting material fluorene-centred ethylene-liked carbazole oligomer (Cz6F) doped into polyvinyl carbazole (PVK) as the single light-emitting layer are reported. The...White organic light-emitting diodes with a blue emitting material fluorene-centred ethylene-liked carbazole oligomer (Cz6F) doped into polyvinyl carbazole (PVK) as the single light-emitting layer are reported. The optical properties of Cz6F, PVK, and PVK:Cz6F blends are studied. Single and double layer devices are fabri- cated by using PVK: Cz6F blends, and the device with the configuration of indium tin oxide (ITO)/PVK:Cz6F/ tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate)aluminium (Alq3)/LiF/A1 exhibits white light emission with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage chromaticity coordinates of (0.30, 0.33) and a brightness of 402 cd/m^2. The investigation reveals that the white light is composed of a blue-green emission originating from the excimer of Cz6F molecules and a red emission from an electroplex from the PVK:Cz6F blend films.展开更多
The epitaxial growth of novel GaN-based light-emitting diode(LED)on Si(100)substrate has proved challenging.Here in this work,we investigate a monolithic phosphor-free semi-polar InGaN/GaN near white light-emitting di...The epitaxial growth of novel GaN-based light-emitting diode(LED)on Si(100)substrate has proved challenging.Here in this work,we investigate a monolithic phosphor-free semi-polar InGaN/GaN near white light-emitting diode,which is formed on a micro-striped Si(100)substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition.By controlling the size of micro-stripe,InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells(MQWs)with different well widths are grown on semi-polar(11^-01)planes.Besides,indium-rich quantum dots are observed in InGaN wells by transmission electron microscopy,which is caused by indium phase separation.Due to the different widths of MQWs and indium phase separation,the indium content changes from the center to the side of the micro-stripe.Various indium content provides the wideband emission.This unique property allows the semipolar InGaN/GaN MQWs to emit wideband light,leading to the near white light emission.展开更多
Abstract:Hybrid inorganic/organic white organic light emitting diodes(hybrid-WOLEDs)are fabricated by combi-ning the blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes(PHOLEDs)with red Sr2SiO4:Eu3+phosphor spin coateda...Abstract:Hybrid inorganic/organic white organic light emitting diodes(hybrid-WOLEDs)are fabricated by combi-ning the blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes(PHOLEDs)with red Sr2SiO4:Eu3+phosphor spin coatedas a color conversion layer(CCL)over the other side of glass substrate on the devices.The basic configuration of thePHOLEDs consists a host material,N,N'-dicarbazolyl-3,5-benzene(mCP)which doped with a blue phosphorescentiridium complexes iridium(Ⅲ)bis[(4,6-di-fluorophenyl)-pyridinato-N-C2'](FIrpic)to produce high efficient blueorganic light emitting diodes.The hybrid-WOLED shows maximum luminous efficiency of 22.1 cd/A,maximumpower efficiency of 11.26 lm/W,external quantum efficiency of 10.2%and CIE coordinates of(0.32,0.34).Mo-reover,the output spectra and CIE coordinates of the hybrid-WOLED have a small shift in different driving currentdensity,which demonstrate good color stability.展开更多
The multiple color-matching schemes that could improve the color rendering index for phosphor-free white LEDs are discussed. Then we review a few of the recent research directions for phosphor-free white LEDs, which i...The multiple color-matching schemes that could improve the color rendering index for phosphor-free white LEDs are discussed. Then we review a few of the recent research directions for phosphor-free white LEDs, which include the development of monolithic GaN-based white LEDs and hybrid integrated GaN-based and A1GalnP-based white LEDs. These development paths will pave the way toward commercial application of phosphor-free white LEDs in the coming years.展开更多
We report a unique red light-emitting Eu-doped borosilicate glass to convert color for warm white light-emitting diodes. This glass can be excited from 394 nm-peaked near ultraviolet light, 466 nm-peaked blue light, t...We report a unique red light-emitting Eu-doped borosilicate glass to convert color for warm white light-emitting diodes. This glass can be excited from 394 nm-peaked near ultraviolet light, 466 nm-peaked blue light, to 534 nm- peaked green light to emit the desired red light with an excellent transmission in the wavelength range of 400-700 nm which makes this glass suitable for color conversion without a great cost of luminous power loss. In particular, when assembling this glass for commercial white light-emitting diodes, the tested results show that the color rendering index is improved to 84 with a loss of luminous power by 12 percent at average, making this variety of glass promising for inorganic "remote-phosphor" color conversion.展开更多
We report on white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) based on polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) doped with 1,1-bis((di-4-tolylamino)phenyl)cyclohexane (TAPC) and perylene, and investigate the luminescence mechan...We report on white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) based on polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) doped with 1,1-bis((di-4-tolylamino)phenyl)cyclohexane (TAPC) and perylene, and investigate the luminescence mechanism of the devices. The chromaticity of light emission can be tuned by adjusting the concentration of the dopants. White light with the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.33, 0.34) is achieved by mixing the yellow electromer emission of TAPC and the blue monomer emission of perylene from the device ITO/PVK: TAPC: perylene (100:9:1 in wt.) (100 nm)/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3) (10 nm)/A1. The device exhibits a maximal luminance of 3727 cd/m2 and a current efficiency of 2 cd/A.展开更多
We have fabricated high-efficient white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) using two types of electron transport materials with different electron mobility. The effect of the electron mobility on the device perf...We have fabricated high-efficient white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) using two types of electron transport materials with different electron mobility. The effect of the electron mobility on the device performance is discussed. In addition, to generate the desired white emission and high color rendering index, we perform the structure design of OLED, in which the functions of co-host of blue and green dopants on chromatic-stability are investigated. Experimental results find that the maximum color rendering index reaches as high as 91 at the voltage of 8 V.展开更多
A new interlayer is successfully used to be a universal carrier switch, developing high-performance hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs). By dint of this interlayer, the two-color hybrid WOLED shows a...A new interlayer is successfully used to be a universal carrier switch, developing high-performance hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs). By dint of this interlayer, the two-color hybrid WOLED shows a maximum total current efficiency (CE) and power efficiency (PE) of 48.1 cd/A and 37.6 Im/W, respectively, while the three-color hybrid WOLED shows a maximum total CE and PE of 33.8 cd/A and 25.7Im/W, respectively. The color rendering index of the three-color hybrid WOLEDs are ≥ 75, which is already a sufficient level for many commercial lighting applications. In addition, both the two-color and three-color hybrid WOLEDs show low efficiency roll-off and stable color. Furthermore, devices with the new interlayer show much higher performance than devices with the most commonly used 4,4-N,N-dicarbazolebiphenyl and N,N'-di(naphthalene-l-yl)-N,N'- diphenyl-benzidine interlayers.展开更多
It is still challenging to obtain broadband emission covering visible light spectrum as much as possible with negligible angular dependence. In this work, we demonstrate a low driving voltage top-emitting white organi...It is still challenging to obtain broadband emission covering visible light spectrum as much as possible with negligible angular dependence. In this work, we demonstrate a low driving voltage top-emitting white organic light-emitting diode (TEWOLED) based on complementary blue and yellow phosphor emitters with negligible angular dependence. The bottom copper anode with medium reflectance, which is compatible with the standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology below 0.13 μm, and the semitransparent multi- layer Cs2CO3/AI/Cu cathode as a top electrode, are introduced to realize high-performance TEWOLED. Our TEWOLED achieves high efficiencies of 15.4callA and 12.1 1m/W at a practical brightness of lO00cd/m2 at low voltage of 4 V.展开更多
The photometric characteristics of high-power white light-emitting diode (LED) devices are investigated. A theoretical model for the luminous efficacy o[ high-power white LED devices and LED systems is proposed. Wit...The photometric characteristics of high-power white light-emitting diode (LED) devices are investigated. A theoretical model for the luminous efficacy o[ high-power white LED devices and LED systems is proposed. With the proposed theoretical model, the mechanism of the luminous efficacy decrease is explained. Meanwhile, the model can be used to estimate the luminous efficacy oF LEDs under general operation conditions, such as different operation temperatures and injection currents. The wide validity of the luminous efficacy model is experimentally verified through the measurements of different types of LEDs. The experimental results demonstrate a high estimation accuracy. The proposed models not only can be applied to estimate the LED photometric performance, but also is helpful for reliability research of LEDs.展开更多
An efficient color-tunable hybrid white organic light-emitting diode is demonstrated with double interlayers of 2,7-bis(carbazol-9-yl)-9,9-ditoylfluo- rene/2-(diphenylphosphoryl) spiroflu-orene (DMFL-CBP/SPPO1) insert...An efficient color-tunable hybrid white organic light-emitting diode is demonstrated with double interlayers of 2,7-bis(carbazol-9-yl)-9,9-ditoylfluo- rene/2-(diphenylphosphoryl) spiroflu-orene (DMFL-CBP/SPPO1) inserted between blue fluorescent and yellow phosphorescent-emitting layers, and exhibits Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE1931) ranging from warm white (0.4368, 0.4497) to cool white (0.2781, 0.2896) with driving current density from 0.2 to 40 mA/cm2. The recombination of singlet and the triplet excitons in blue fluores-cent-emitting layer and yellow phosphorescent-emitting layer, respectively, can be modulated by both the thickness of these double interlayers and the applied current densities.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62104085)the Innovation/Entrepreneurship Program of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.JSSCTD202146)。
文摘We investigate the polarization-induced doping in the gradient variation of Al composition in the pAl_(0.75)Ga_(0.25)N/Al_xGa_(1-x)N hole injection layer(HIL)for deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes(DUV-LEDs)with an ultrathin p-GaN(4 nm)ohmic contact layer capable of emitting 277 nm.The experimental results show that the external quantum efficiency(EQE)and wall plug efficiency(WPE)of the structure graded from 0.75 to 0.55 in the HIL reach 5.49%and 5.04%,which are improved significantly by 182%and 209%,respectively,compared with the structure graded from 0.75 to 0.45,exhibiting a tremendous improvement.Both theoretical speculations and simulation results support that the larger the difference between 0.75 and x in the HIL,the higher the hole concentration that should be induced;thus,the DUV-LED has a higher internal quantum efficiency(IQE).Meanwhile,as the value of x decreases,the absorption of the DUV light emitted from the active region by the HIL is enhanced,reducing the light extraction efficiency(LEE).The IQE and LEE together affect the EQE performance of DUV-LEDs.To trade off the contradiction between the enhanced IQE and decreased LEE caused by the decrease in Al composition,the Al composition in the HIL was optimized through theoretical calculations and experiments.
基金the Key Technologies R&D Program of Shandong Province (2006gg2201014)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (07JCYBJC06400)Tianjin Education Committee Science and Technology Development Foundation
文摘The well crystalline YAG:Ce^3+ phosphor was synthesized by sold-state method, and the temperature dependence of excitation and emission spectra of YAG:Ce^3+ phosphor were investigated in the temperature range from room temperature to 573 K. With temperature increasing, it was noted that the emission intensity of as-repared phosphors decreased considerably more rapidly when pumped by 460 nm than by 340 nm. The temperature-intensity curves under different excitation wavelengths were obtained using an Arrhenius function, and the corresponding activation energies were also obtained respectively. Thus, the experimental phenomenon was discussed in terms of nonradiative decay rate. The effects of as-prepared phosphors on the performance of the white LED with changing temperature were also studied.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.61204087, 61306099)the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. S2012040007003)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2013M531841)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2014ZM0003, 2014ZM0034, 2014ZM0037, 2014ZZ0028)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 20120172120008)
文摘A very-high color rendering index white organic light-emitting diode(WOLED) based on a simple structure was successfully fabricated. The optimized device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 13.1 and 5.4 lm/W at 1,000 cd/m2. A peak color rendering index of 90 and a relatively stable color during a wide range of luminance were obtained. In addition, it was demonstrated that the 4,40,400-tri(9-carbazoyl) triphenylamine host influenced strongly the performance of this WOLED.These results may be beneficial to the design of both material and device architecture for high-performance WOLED.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.11974063,11904156)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2019M653336).The calcu-lations were done at the Center for Computational Science and Engineering of Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech).
文摘All-inorganic CsPbBr_(3) perovskite quantum dots(QDs)have received great attention in white light emission because of their outstanding properties.However,their practical application is hindered by poor stability.Herein,we propose a simple strategy to synthesize excellent stability and efficient emission of CsPbBr_(3) QDs by using 2-hexyldecanoic acid(DA)as a ligand to replace the regular oleic acid(OA)ligand.Thanks to the strong binding energy between DA ligand and QDs,the modified QDs not only show a high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 96%but also exhibit high stability against ethanol and water.Thereby warm white light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)are constructed by combining lig-and modified CsPbBr_(3) QDs with red AgInZnS QDs on blue emitting InGaN chips,exhibiting a color rendering index of 93,a power efficiency of 64.8 lm/W,a CIE coordinate of(0.44,0.42)and correlated color temperature value of 3018 K.In ad-dition,WLEDs based on ligand modified CsPbBr_(3) QDs also exhibit better thermal performance than that of WLEDs based on the regular CsPbBr_(3) QDs.The combination of improved efficiency and better thermal stability with high color quality indicates that the modified CsPbBr_(3) QDs are ideal for WLEDs application.
基金Project supported by NSC(98-2221-E-214-003-MY3 and ISU99-01-06)
文摘We demonstrate that power recycling is feasible by using a semi-transparent stripped Al electrode as interconnecting layer to merge a white organic light-emitting devices(WOLED) and an organic photovoltaic(OPV) cell.The device is called a PVOLED.It has a glass / ITO / CuPc / m-MTDATA ∶ V 2 O 5 / NPB / CBP ∶ FIrpic ∶ DCJTB / BPhen / LiF / Al / P3HT∶ PCBM / V 2 O 5 / Al structure.The power recycling efficiency of 10.133% is achieved under the WOLED of PVOLED operated at 9 V and at a brightness of 2 110 cd / m 2,when the conversion efficiency of OPV is 2.3%.We have found that the power recycling efficiency is decreased under high brightness and high applied voltage due to an increase input power of WOLED.High efficiency(18.3 cd / A) and high contrast ratio(9.3) were obtained at the device operated at 2 500 cd / m 2 under an ambient illumination of 24 000 lx.Reasonable white light emission with Commission Internationale De L'Eclairage(CIE) color coordinates of(0.32,0.44) at 20 mA / cm 2 and slight color shift occurred in spite of a high current density of 50 mA / cm 2.The proposed PVOLED is highly promising for use in outdoors display applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61136003 and 61275041)the Project of Science and TechnologyCommission of Shanghai Municipality,China(Grant No.14XD1401800)
文摘We characterized the 6,12-bis{[N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2,4,5-trimethylphenyl)]amino} chrysene (BmPAC), which has been proven to be a blue fluorescent emission with high EL efficiency. The blue fluorescent device exhibits good performance with an external quantum efficiency of 5.8% and current efficiency of 8.9 cd/A, respectively. Using BmPAC, we also demonstrate a hybrid phosphorescence/fluorescence white organic light-emitting device (WOLED) with high efficiency of 36.3 cd/A. In order to improve the relative intensity of blue light, we plus a blue light-emitting layer (BEML) in front of the orange light emitting layer (YEML) to take advantage of the excess singlet excitons. With the new emitting layer of BEML/YEML/BEML, we demonstrate the fluorescence/phosphorescence/fluorescence WOLED exhibits good performance with a current efficiency of 47 cd/A and an enhanced relative intensity of blue light.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFF02033604)the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 2014A030310253, 2016A030310360)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2015ZM070)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51602065)the Guangdong Science and Technology Plan (Grant Nos. 2016A040403037, 2016A010101026)
文摘The interlayer(IL) plays a vital role in hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes(WOLEDs); however,only a negligible amount of attention has been given to n-type ILs. Herein, the n-type IL, for the first time,has been demonstrated to achieve a high efficiency, high color rendering index(CRI), and low voltage trade-off.The device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 41.5 lm W^(-1), the highest among hybrid WOLEDs with n-type ILs. In addition, high CRIs(80–88) at practical luminances(C1000 cd m^(-2)) have been obtained, satisfying the demand for indoor lighting. Remarkably, a CRI of 88 is the highest among hybrid WOLEDs. Moreover, the device exhibits low voltages, with a turn-on voltage of only 2.5 V([1 cd m^(-2)), which is the lowest among hybrid WOLEDs. The intrinsic working mechanism of the device has also been explored; in particular, the role of n-type ILs in regulating the distribution of charges and excitons has been unveiled. The findings demonstrate that the introduction of n-type ILs is effective in developing high-performance hybrid WOLEDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 50672007)Program for the New Century Excellent Talents of China (Grant No NCET-06-0082)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No2007CB936202)
文摘We have synthesized Ca2Si5N8:Eu^2+ phosphor through a solid-state reaction and investigated its structural and luminescent properties. Our Rietveld refinement of the crystal structure of Ca1.9Eu0.1Si5N8 reveals that Eu atoms substituting for Ca atoms occupy two crystallographic positions. Between 10 K and 300 K, Ca2Si5N8:Eu^2+ phosphor shows a broad red emission band centred at -1.97 eV-2.01 eV. The gravity centre of the excitation band is located at 3.0 eV 3.31 eV. The centroid shift of the 5d levels of Eu^2+ is determined to be -1.17 eV, and the red-shift of the lowest absorption band to be - 0.54 eV due to the crystal field splitting. We have analysed the temperature dependence of PL by using a configuration coordinate model. The Huang-Rhys parameter S = 6.0, the phonon energy hv = 52 meV, and the Stokes shift △S = 0.57 eV are obtained. The emission intensity maximum occurring at -200 K can be explained by a trapping effect. Both photoluminescence (PL) emission intensity and decay time decrease with temperature increasing beyond 200 K due to the non-radiative process.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.NCET-13-0927)the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(Grant No.2012DFR50460)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21101111 and 61274056)the Shanxi Provincial Key Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology,China(Grant No.2012041011)
文摘Levofloxacin (LOFX), which is well-known as an antibiotic medicament, was shown to be useful as a 452-nm blue emitter for white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this paper, the fabricated white OLED contains a 452-nm blue emitting layer (thickness of 30 nm) with 1 wt% LOFX doped in CBP (4,4'-bis(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl) host and a 584-nm orange emitting layer (thickness of 10 nm) with 0.8 wt% DCJTB (4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-tert-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7- tetramethyljulolidin-4-yl-vinyl)-4H-pyran) doped in CBE which are separated by a 20-nm-thick buffer layer of TPBi (2,2',2"-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl)-tri(1-phenyl-lH-benzimidazole). A high color rendering index (CRI) of 84.5 and CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.33, 0.32), which is close to ideal white emission CIE (0.333, 0.333), are obtained at a bias voltage of 14 V. Taking into account that LOFX is less expensive and the synthesis and purification technologies of LOFX are mature, these results indicate that blue fluorescence emitting LOFX is useful for applications to white OLEDs although the maximum current efficiency and luminance are not high. The present paper is expected to become a milestone to using medical drug materials for OLEDs.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2009CB623605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50673035)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of Ministry of Education,the 111 Project (Grant No. B06009)
文摘White organic light-emitting diodes with a blue emitting material fluorene-centred ethylene-liked carbazole oligomer (Cz6F) doped into polyvinyl carbazole (PVK) as the single light-emitting layer are reported. The optical properties of Cz6F, PVK, and PVK:Cz6F blends are studied. Single and double layer devices are fabri- cated by using PVK: Cz6F blends, and the device with the configuration of indium tin oxide (ITO)/PVK:Cz6F/ tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate)aluminium (Alq3)/LiF/A1 exhibits white light emission with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage chromaticity coordinates of (0.30, 0.33) and a brightness of 402 cd/m^2. The investigation reveals that the white light is composed of a blue-green emission originating from the excimer of Cz6F molecules and a red emission from an electroplex from the PVK:Cz6F blend films.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51472229,61422405,and 11574301)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Grant No.14JCQNJC01000)the National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China(Grant No.2016M600231)
文摘The epitaxial growth of novel GaN-based light-emitting diode(LED)on Si(100)substrate has proved challenging.Here in this work,we investigate a monolithic phosphor-free semi-polar InGaN/GaN near white light-emitting diode,which is formed on a micro-striped Si(100)substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition.By controlling the size of micro-stripe,InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells(MQWs)with different well widths are grown on semi-polar(11^-01)planes.Besides,indium-rich quantum dots are observed in InGaN wells by transmission electron microscopy,which is caused by indium phase separation.Due to the different widths of MQWs and indium phase separation,the indium content changes from the center to the side of the micro-stripe.Various indium content provides the wideband emission.This unique property allows the semipolar InGaN/GaN MQWs to emit wideband light,leading to the near white light emission.
基金Project supported by the National Science Council of the Republic of China(101-2221-E-214-016)the financial supporitng of ISU99-01-06the MANALAB at ISU,Taiwan
文摘Abstract:Hybrid inorganic/organic white organic light emitting diodes(hybrid-WOLEDs)are fabricated by combi-ning the blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes(PHOLEDs)with red Sr2SiO4:Eu3+phosphor spin coatedas a color conversion layer(CCL)over the other side of glass substrate on the devices.The basic configuration of thePHOLEDs consists a host material,N,N'-dicarbazolyl-3,5-benzene(mCP)which doped with a blue phosphorescentiridium complexes iridium(Ⅲ)bis[(4,6-di-fluorophenyl)-pyridinato-N-C2'](FIrpic)to produce high efficient blueorganic light emitting diodes.The hybrid-WOLED shows maximum luminous efficiency of 22.1 cd/A,maximumpower efficiency of 11.26 lm/W,external quantum efficiency of 10.2%and CIE coordinates of(0.32,0.34).Mo-reover,the output spectra and CIE coordinates of the hybrid-WOLED have a small shift in different driving currentdensity,which demonstrate good color stability.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61222501 and 61335004)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20111103110019)
文摘The multiple color-matching schemes that could improve the color rendering index for phosphor-free white LEDs are discussed. Then we review a few of the recent research directions for phosphor-free white LEDs, which include the development of monolithic GaN-based white LEDs and hybrid integrated GaN-based and A1GalnP-based white LEDs. These development paths will pave the way toward commercial application of phosphor-free white LEDs in the coming years.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50872091 and 21076161)the Tianjin Municipal Sci/Tech. Commission, China (Grant Nos. 10SYSYJC28100 and 2006ZD30)the Tianjin Municipal Higher Education Commission, China (Grant No. 20110304)
文摘We report a unique red light-emitting Eu-doped borosilicate glass to convert color for warm white light-emitting diodes. This glass can be excited from 394 nm-peaked near ultraviolet light, 466 nm-peaked blue light, to 534 nm- peaked green light to emit the desired red light with an excellent transmission in the wavelength range of 400-700 nm which makes this glass suitable for color conversion without a great cost of luminous power loss. In particular, when assembling this glass for commercial white light-emitting diodes, the tested results show that the color rendering index is improved to 84 with a loss of luminous power by 12 percent at average, making this variety of glass promising for inorganic "remote-phosphor" color conversion.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61177017,61125505,60978061,61077022,61036007,and 60877005)the 111 Project (Grant No. B08002)
文摘We report on white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) based on polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) doped with 1,1-bis((di-4-tolylamino)phenyl)cyclohexane (TAPC) and perylene, and investigate the luminescence mechanism of the devices. The chromaticity of light emission can be tuned by adjusting the concentration of the dopants. White light with the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.33, 0.34) is achieved by mixing the yellow electromer emission of TAPC and the blue monomer emission of perylene from the device ITO/PVK: TAPC: perylene (100:9:1 in wt.) (100 nm)/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3) (10 nm)/A1. The device exhibits a maximal luminance of 3727 cd/m2 and a current efficiency of 2 cd/A.
基金supported by the Development Foundation for Electronic and Information Industry(2010),the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.10DZ1140502)the Mechatronics Engineering Innovation Group Project from Shanghai Education Commission
文摘We have fabricated high-efficient white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) using two types of electron transport materials with different electron mobility. The effect of the electron mobility on the device performance is discussed. In addition, to generate the desired white emission and high color rendering index, we perform the structure design of OLED, in which the functions of co-host of blue and green dopants on chromatic-stability are investigated. Experimental results find that the maximum color rendering index reaches as high as 91 at the voltage of 8 V.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61076066the Innovation Project of Science and Technology Plan Projects of Shaanxi Province under Grant No 2011KTCQ01-09
文摘A new interlayer is successfully used to be a universal carrier switch, developing high-performance hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs). By dint of this interlayer, the two-color hybrid WOLED shows a maximum total current efficiency (CE) and power efficiency (PE) of 48.1 cd/A and 37.6 Im/W, respectively, while the three-color hybrid WOLED shows a maximum total CE and PE of 33.8 cd/A and 25.7Im/W, respectively. The color rendering index of the three-color hybrid WOLEDs are ≥ 75, which is already a sufficient level for many commercial lighting applications. In addition, both the two-color and three-color hybrid WOLEDs show low efficiency roll-off and stable color. Furthermore, devices with the new interlayer show much higher performance than devices with the most commonly used 4,4-N,N-dicarbazolebiphenyl and N,N'-di(naphthalene-l-yl)-N,N'- diphenyl-benzidine interlayers.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2010CB327701the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61275033
文摘It is still challenging to obtain broadband emission covering visible light spectrum as much as possible with negligible angular dependence. In this work, we demonstrate a low driving voltage top-emitting white organic light-emitting diode (TEWOLED) based on complementary blue and yellow phosphor emitters with negligible angular dependence. The bottom copper anode with medium reflectance, which is compatible with the standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology below 0.13 μm, and the semitransparent multi- layer Cs2CO3/AI/Cu cathode as a top electrode, are introduced to realize high-performance TEWOLED. Our TEWOLED achieves high efficiencies of 15.4callA and 12.1 1m/W at a practical brightness of lO00cd/m2 at low voltage of 4 V.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 51307113 and 51407124the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant No BK20130307
文摘The photometric characteristics of high-power white light-emitting diode (LED) devices are investigated. A theoretical model for the luminous efficacy o[ high-power white LED devices and LED systems is proposed. With the proposed theoretical model, the mechanism of the luminous efficacy decrease is explained. Meanwhile, the model can be used to estimate the luminous efficacy oF LEDs under general operation conditions, such as different operation temperatures and injection currents. The wide validity of the luminous efficacy model is experimentally verified through the measurements of different types of LEDs. The experimental results demonstrate a high estimation accuracy. The proposed models not only can be applied to estimate the LED photometric performance, but also is helpful for reliability research of LEDs.
文摘An efficient color-tunable hybrid white organic light-emitting diode is demonstrated with double interlayers of 2,7-bis(carbazol-9-yl)-9,9-ditoylfluo- rene/2-(diphenylphosphoryl) spiroflu-orene (DMFL-CBP/SPPO1) inserted between blue fluorescent and yellow phosphorescent-emitting layers, and exhibits Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE1931) ranging from warm white (0.4368, 0.4497) to cool white (0.2781, 0.2896) with driving current density from 0.2 to 40 mA/cm2. The recombination of singlet and the triplet excitons in blue fluores-cent-emitting layer and yellow phosphorescent-emitting layer, respectively, can be modulated by both the thickness of these double interlayers and the applied current densities.