Concerns related to environmental risks associated with pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)have led researchers to seek methods for assessing and monitoring these contaminants in the aquatic environment....Concerns related to environmental risks associated with pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)have led researchers to seek methods for assessing and monitoring these contaminants in the aquatic environment.Identifying and validating risk assessment tools that can evaluate ecological concerns and risks associated with PPCPs is critical.Herein,the suitability of a dose-related risk and effect assessment model,which estimates predicted environmental concentrations and allowed comparisons with predicted no effect concentrations determined,in combination with in vitro analyses of the whole effluent toxicity,was verified for the characterization of a PPCP hazard.Concentrations of the most utilized PPCPs in Norway were measured in influent and effluent samples and used to parameterize the fate model.Greater than 90%removal was attained for 12 out of 22 detected PPCPs.Removal was not dependent on the class or the concentration of the specific substance and varied between 12%and 100%.The PPCPs detected in the discharged wastewater were utilized to assess individual contributions to the risk of the effluent,and no risk was identified for the targeted 30 PPCP.The simulations provided valuable information regarding the discharge plume distribution over time,which can aid planning of future environmental monitoring investigations.Bioassays(using fish liver cells,PLHC-1)were used for assessing overall effluent toxicity,through cell viability,production of reactive oxygen species,and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD)activities.The present study may allow regulators to use risk-based strategies over removal criteria for monitoring studies and confirms the importance to take PPCP contamination into consideration when establishing environmental regulations.展开更多
通过我院临床药师参与治疗1例癫痫所致精神障碍患者的临床案例,探讨药学监护在精神疾病患者临床治疗过程中的作用。通过采用药物浓度监测(therapeutical drug monitoring,TDM)结合基因检测技术对1例癫痫所致精神障碍患者实施药学监护,...通过我院临床药师参与治疗1例癫痫所致精神障碍患者的临床案例,探讨药学监护在精神疾病患者临床治疗过程中的作用。通过采用药物浓度监测(therapeutical drug monitoring,TDM)结合基因检测技术对1例癫痫所致精神障碍患者实施药学监护,及时向临床医生反馈结果并给出相关用药建议,随后通过查阅相关文献及资料分析检测结果,并与临床医生沟通对患者用药进行调整,患者病情明显好转且趋于稳定。临床药师结合TDM与基因检测技术对1例癫痫所致精神障碍住院患者进行药学监护,积极参与治疗并指导医生合理用药,提高了临床用药的安全性与有效性。展开更多
基金The authors would like to thank the Research Council of Norway(SANOCEAN program(South Africa-Norway Research Cooperation on Blue Economy,Climate Change,the Environment and Sustainable Energy),grant#287516 Marine Sewage Outfalls-Environmental Impact Evaluation)the European Union for the collaborative international consortium PHARMASEA financed under the 2020 Aquatic Pollutants Joint call of the Aquatic Pollutants ERA-NET Cofund(grant#869178)for funding.
文摘Concerns related to environmental risks associated with pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)have led researchers to seek methods for assessing and monitoring these contaminants in the aquatic environment.Identifying and validating risk assessment tools that can evaluate ecological concerns and risks associated with PPCPs is critical.Herein,the suitability of a dose-related risk and effect assessment model,which estimates predicted environmental concentrations and allowed comparisons with predicted no effect concentrations determined,in combination with in vitro analyses of the whole effluent toxicity,was verified for the characterization of a PPCP hazard.Concentrations of the most utilized PPCPs in Norway were measured in influent and effluent samples and used to parameterize the fate model.Greater than 90%removal was attained for 12 out of 22 detected PPCPs.Removal was not dependent on the class or the concentration of the specific substance and varied between 12%and 100%.The PPCPs detected in the discharged wastewater were utilized to assess individual contributions to the risk of the effluent,and no risk was identified for the targeted 30 PPCP.The simulations provided valuable information regarding the discharge plume distribution over time,which can aid planning of future environmental monitoring investigations.Bioassays(using fish liver cells,PLHC-1)were used for assessing overall effluent toxicity,through cell viability,production of reactive oxygen species,and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD)activities.The present study may allow regulators to use risk-based strategies over removal criteria for monitoring studies and confirms the importance to take PPCP contamination into consideration when establishing environmental regulations.
文摘通过我院临床药师参与治疗1例癫痫所致精神障碍患者的临床案例,探讨药学监护在精神疾病患者临床治疗过程中的作用。通过采用药物浓度监测(therapeutical drug monitoring,TDM)结合基因检测技术对1例癫痫所致精神障碍患者实施药学监护,及时向临床医生反馈结果并给出相关用药建议,随后通过查阅相关文献及资料分析检测结果,并与临床医生沟通对患者用药进行调整,患者病情明显好转且趋于稳定。临床药师结合TDM与基因检测技术对1例癫痫所致精神障碍住院患者进行药学监护,积极参与治疗并指导医生合理用药,提高了临床用药的安全性与有效性。
