Whole-process case management effects on mental state and selfcare ability in patients with liver cancer

BACKGROUND Regarding the incidence of malignant tumors in China,the incidence of liver cancer ranks fourth,second only to lung,gastric,and esophageal cancers.The case fatality rate ranks third after lung and cervical cancer.In a previous study,the whole-process management model was applied to patients with breast cancer,which effectively reduced their negative emotions and improved treatment adherence and nursing satisfaction.METHODS In this single-center,randomized,controlled study,60 randomly selected patients with liver cancer who had been admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were randomly divided into an observation group(n=30),who received whole-process case management on the basis of routine nursing mea-sures,and a control group(n=30),who were given routine nursing measures.We compared differences between the two groups in terms of anxiety,depression,the level of hope,self-care ability,symptom distress,sleep quality,and quality of life.RESULTS Post-intervention,Hamilton anxiety scale,Hamilton depression scale,memory symptom assessment scale,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores in both groups were lower than those pre-intervention,and the observation group had lower scores than the control group(P<0.05).Herth hope index,self-care ability assessment scale-revision in Chinese,and quality of life measurement scale for patients with liver cancer scores in both groups were higher than those pre-intervention,with higher scores in the observation group compared with the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Whole-process case management can effectively reduce anxiety and depression in patients with liver cancer,alleviate symptoms and problems,and improve the level of hope,self-care ability,sleep quality,and quality of life,as well as provide feasible nursing alternatives for patients with liver cancer.

Transdermal Fentanyl for Management of Cancer Pain in Elderly Patients in China

Objective: Objective: To assess the effect and adverse effects of transdermal fentanyl for elderly patients with cancer pain in China. Methods: A total of 1664 elderly patients (aged 65-90 with mean age of 72.6) with cancer pain enrolled in the multicenter study from 136 institutes in China. Of them, 408 (28.8%) patients were 75 years old or older. All patients received transdermal fentanyl for the management of cancer pain. The patients were asked to record the attacks of pain, quality of life, and any side effects of the treatment. Results: Baseline mean of pain intensity was 7.34. On day 1, 3, 6, 9 15, and 30, the pain mean scores were decreased to 3.82, 2.80, 2.43, 2.11, 1.83, 1.64 (P=0.000). The effective rate was 97.18%. The mean doses of fentanyl was 31.34 g/h (25-150 g/h) initially, and 40.59 g/h and 47.50 g/h (25-200 g/h) at day 15 and day 30. At treatment day 15, the dose of fentanyl was ranger from 25 to 50 g/h in 91.8% of patients, 75 to 100 g/h in 7.5% patients, and 125 to 200 g/h only in 0.8% patients. The fine quality of life was in 25.4% patients before treatment, and was 71.15% and 73.04% at day 15 and day 30 respectively (P=0.0000). The common side effects were constipation (10.70%), nausea (11.96%), dizzy (6.85%), vomiting (3.85%), sedation (2.40%), Respiratory depression (0.12%). 86.2% patients preferred continue treated by transdermal fentanyl. Conclusions: Transdermal fentanyl for the elderly with cancer pain is effective, safe, convenient, and can improve the quality of life. Transdermal fentanyl can be recommended as a first-line drug for the treatment of elderly patients with moderate to severe cancer pain, and the initial doses is recommended as 25 g/h.

Attitudes towards pain management in hospitalized cancer patients and their influencing factors

Objective： To investigate patients＇ attitudes towards cancer pain management and analyze the factors influencing these attitudes.Methods： The self-developed Demographic and Disease-Related Information Questionnaires, Pain Management Barriers Questionnaire-Taiwan form（BQT）, and Pain Knowledge Questionnaire were administered to 363 pairs of hospitalized cancer patients and their caregivers from the oncology departments of 7 hospitals in Beijing, China.Results： The average patient score for attitudes towards pain management was 2.96±0.49. The dimension scores indicated good attitudes in three areas（scores 〈2.5）, ＂Desire to be good＂（2.22±1.04）, ＂Fatalism＂（2.08±0.81） and＂Religious fatalism＂（1.86±1.00）, and poor attitudes in six areas（scores ≥2.5）, ＂Tolerance＂（3.83±0.96）, ＂Use of analgesics as needed（p.r.n.）＂（3.73±1.01）, ＂Addiction＂（3.44±1.05）, ＂Disease progression＂（3.28±1.26）, ＂Distraction of physicians＂（3.16±1.07） and ＂Side effects＂（2.99±0.68）. Two factors were entered into the regression equation：the caregivers＇ attitudes towards cancer pain management and the patients＇ pain knowledge. These two factors explained 23.2% of the total variance in the patients＇ average scores for their attitudes towards cancer pain management.Conclusions： The patients＇ attitudes towards cancer pain management were poor and could be influenced by the caregivers＇ attitudes and the patients＇ pain knowledge, and thus need to be improved.

The Good Pain Management(GPM) Ward Program in China and its impact on Chinese cancer patients: the SYSUCC experience

To improve cancer pain management, the Medical Oncology Department of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center(SYSUCC) launched the Good Pain Management(GPM) Ward Program, which has been recognized by the Chinese Ministry of Health and promoted throughout the nation. This retrospective case-control study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Patients diagnosed with malignant solid tumors with bone metastasis were eligible. Patients who were admitted 6 months before the initiation of the GPM program were used as the control group, and patients admitted 6 months after the initiation of the program were used as the GPM group. The pain-reporting rate and pain management index(PMI) were calculated. The pain levels before and after pain management were compared. A total of 475 patients(244 in the control group and 231 in the GPM group) were analyzed. The pain-reporting rate of the GPM group was significantly higher than that of the control group(62.8% vs. 37.7%, P < 0.001). The PMI of the GPM group was significantly higher than that of the control group(0.083 vs.-0.261, P < 0.001). Therefore, the GPM Ward Program improved the pain management of cancer patients and provided experience for improving cancer pain management in the future.

PECS Block Provides Effective Postoperative Pain Management for Breast Cancer Surgery—A Retrospective Study

We investigated the efficacy of ultrasound-guided pectoral nerves (PECS) block for modified radical mastectomy surgery retrospectively. Methods: We measured that pain scores and the use of additional analgesic drugs were recorded in the postoperative care unit within 24 hours after the operation. Postoperative complications (i.e., nausea and vomiting) were noted. Results: Patients who received the PECS block under general anesthesia (PECS group) reported lower visual analog scale pain scores at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 hours after the operation than patients who did not receive PECS block under general anesthesia (control group). Moreover, the use of additional analgesic drugs during the first 24 hours after surgery was lower in the PECS group than in the control group. While in the postoperative care unit, the PECS group had less nausea and vomiting than the control group. Conclusion: The PECS block provides effective postoperative analgesia within the first 24 hours after breast cancer surgery.

Road map for pain management in pancreatic cancer: A review

Beside its poor prognosis and its late diagnosis, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most painful malignancies. Optimal management of pain in this cancer represents a real challenge for the oncologist whose objective is to ensure a better quality of life to his patients. We aimed in this paper to review all the treatment modalities incriminated in the management of pain in pancreatic cancer going from painkillers, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and interventional techniques to agents under investigation and alternative medicine. Although specific guidelines and recommendations for pain management in pancreatic cancer are still absent, we present all the possible pain treatments, with a progression from medical multimodal treatment to radiotherapy and chemotherapy then interventional techniques in case of resistance. In addition, alternative methods such as acupuncture and hypnosis can be added at any stage and seems to contribute to pain relief.

A survey of advanced medical students’ knowledge towards cancer pain management

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate advanced medical students' knowledge towards cancer pain management, and understand the effect of specialisms and duration of oncology rotation on the advanced medical students' cognitive level towards cancer pain management. Methods: Randomly selected the respondents from a medical school in Wuhan, China. The educational background of the respondents should belong to one of these conditions: (1) clinical master degree candidate; (2) clinical doctor degree candidate; (3) the sixth or seventh year of clinical medicine for seven years. The respondents should also spend more than one year on internship. The self-developed questionnaire papers were distributed to respondents in the unit of dorms selected randomly and recovered them immediately after they're finished. The categori- cal data were expressed at the form of frequency (rate or constituent ratio). Chi-square test was required only as needed. Results: The survey was anonymous. We distributed 300 papers, recovered 300 papers and weeded out 8 invalid papers. Finally there were 292 valid papers, and the valid recovery rate was 97.3%. The 96.7% of oncological medical students and 47.6% non-oncological medical students relied on patients' description for cancer pain assessments; 90.0% of oncological medical students and 53.0% of non-oncological medical students prescribed strong opioid drugs firstly for patients suffering severe cancer pain; only 24.1% of non-oncological medical students recognized that pethidine was not safe and effective to treat cancer pain, which was much lower than oncological medical students (90.0%); 73.3% of oncological medical students and 28.9% of non-oncological medical students had the correct impression of drug addiction; 85.5% of non-oncological medi- cal students worried about the drug addiction, while 60.0% of oncological medical students worried about the strict control over opioid. In respect of the details of cancer pain management, only 66.7% of oncological medical students recognized that there was no upper limit of opioid prescribed clinically, and 16.3% of oncological medical students recognized that there was no psychological dependence if patients took opioid orally. The 69.8% of the students from no-less-than-two-week group relied on patients' description for cancer pain assessments, 76.7% prescribed strong opioid drugs firstly for patients suffer- ing severe cancer pain, 69.8% recognized that pethidine was not safe and effective to treat cancer pain, and 55.8% had the correct impression of drug addiction. All of the data were higher than that in no-rotation group and that in less-than-two-week group. The 51.2% of the students from no-less-than-two-week worried about drug addiction, which was the lowest of all. Conclusion: The cognitive level of advanced medical students towards cancer pain management is so low that it could not satisfy the clinical requirement, especially for the non-oncological medical students and the students spending little time on oncology rotation. Though the oncological medical students know something about cancer pain treatment, they know little about the details.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Nurses Working at King Abdulaziz University Hospital toward Cancer Pain Management

Objective: This survey aims to identify the levels of knowledge and attitudes among nurses regarding cancer pain management. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was undertaken at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, between September 4 and September 27, 2015. The survey instrument was a pre-set questionnaire comprising 39 closed-ended format questions. Participants were asked questions to assess their knowledge and attitudes about cancer pain management and adherence to frequent misconceptions regarding opioid therapy. The chi-square test was used to compare differences between variables. Results: One hundred twenty-eight questionnaires were completed and analyzed. A mean sample score of 41.3% was achieved on pain-related knowledge questions. The average score on all 39 questions was 16.1 ± 4.6 (range, 0 - 24). Nurses on the male medical ward were most knowledgeable compared with those on other wards (p p p p p = 0.002). Conclusion: Optimization of inpatient supportive procedures should be a specific task at King Abdulaziz University Hospital until an oncology unit with nurses specialized in cancer care is established.

Investigation of Specifics of Self-Management towards Dealing with Cancer Pain among Adult Outpatients

Purpose: This study aimed to identify specifics of self-management towards dealing with cancer pains among adult outpatients. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 adult outpatients (9 males and 7 females) who suffered from cancer pain and the data obtained were analyzed using the qualitative synthesis method of KJ Ho. Results: An analysis of the results revealed these key findings for the following symbolic wording of the semi-structured interviews: Cooperative relationship with medical professionals;Problems originating from cancer pain;Self-regulation of analgesic medications based on the interactions with medical professionals;Self-regulation of the analgesic medications based on the physical perceptions of the effects;Self-regulation to maintain a balanced and calm mind, Fulfilling life by the pain alleviation and liberation from the restrictions imposed by the cancer;and Efforts to maintain their lives by themselves. Conclusion: Based on the cooperative relationship established with medical professionals, the patient carried out the self-regulation of cancer pain using analgesics, and self-regulation to maintain a balanced and calm mind. Nurses must therefore sufficiently educate patients regarding how to communicate successfully with medical professionals in order to improve cancer patients’ pain management regarding both physical and mental aspects.

Anaesthesia and pancreatic surgery:Techniques, clinical practice and pain management

Pancreatic cancer continues to pose a major public health concern. The incidence of the disease is nearly equivalent to the death rate associated with the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Thus, there exists a need for continued improvement in the diagnostic, therapeutic and palliative care of these patients. There have been significant advances made over the years in the areas of critical care, anesthesia, and surgical technique, which have led to improved mortality rates and survival after resection for pancreatic cancer. Resections are performed with the goals of negative margins and minimal blood loss and referral to high-volume centers and surgeons is encouraged. However, 5-year survival rate after curative resection still remains at less than 20%. Perioperative management of pancreatic and periampullary cancer poses a considerable challenge to the pancreatic surgeon, anesthesiologist and the intensive care team. Major morbidity is often secondary to pancreatic anastomotic leakage and fistula or infection. The anesthesiologist plays a crucial role in the perioperative management of such patients and in the pain control. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has a high rate of neural invasion(80%-100%) and can be associated with moderate to severe pain. In the recent past, new information has emerged on many issues including preoperative biliary drainage, nutritional support, cardiovascular assessment, perioperative fluid therapy and hemodynamic optimization. Careful patient selection and appropriate preoperative evaluation can greatly contribute to a favorable outcome after major pancreatic resections.

Cognition and Sociodemographic Determinants for Effective Pain Control in Patients with Cancer Pain: a Cross-sectional Survey in China

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate cancer patients'cognitive level of pain control and to evaluate the patient-related factors or barriers to effective cancer pain management in China.In seven tertiary hospitals across China,372 patients experiencing cancer pain were surveyed through a self-designed questionnaire to assess the factors associated with effective pain control.Patients'demographic data and pain control-related factors were recorded.Cluster sampling and binary logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between predictive factors and effective pain control.The survey showed that the majority of the patients were more than 45 years old(76.3%),and 64.4%had an average annual income of more than 20000 RMB.One-third of the patients suffered from cancer pain for more than 3 months,and 75.1%received professional guidance during medication.The barriers to pain control for patients included preference to enduring pain and refusing analgesics(62.9%),negligence towards drug usage(28.5%),concerns about the addiction(48.2%)and adverse reaction(56.4%).The average annual family income,pro fessional guidance,knowledge of pain medication,adherence to analgesics,and concerns about addiction to analgesics were significantly correlated to the effect of patients'pain control.The study presents major barriers to optimal pain control among patients with cancer in China.Our findings suggest that educational programs and medical insurance reimbursement support from the government are urgently needed to overcome the cognitive barriers toward effective pain management and to relieve the economic burden among patients with cancer pain in China.

Pain acceptance in cancer patients with chronic pain in Hunan, China:A qualitative study

Objective: The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the experiences of pain acceptance in Chinese cancer patients with chronic pain.Methods: Twelve hospitalized cancer patients with chronic pain participated in this qualitative descriptive study from August to November 2017.In-person semi-structured interviews were conducted,recorded,transcribed,and analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.Results: The following four main themes and 15 subthemes emerged.Theme 1 (adaptation): pain is overwhelming and pain relief is a top priority,avoidance of pain-inducing factors,and resignation;theme 2 (emotional reactions to pain): feeling misunderstood,hopelessness,frustration,irritability,and concern for loved ones;theme 3 (functional limitations): daily life activities,social communication,and work;theme 4 (coping strategies): pharmacological therapies,behavioral strategies,social support strategies,and spiritual strategies.Conclusions: This study provides a description of cancer patients' experiences related to the need for pain acceptance.These findings provide insight into the essential role of pain acceptance and underline the need to apply acceptance-based cognitive behavioral interventions as adjunctive non-pharmacological alternatives for chronic cancer pain.

Clinical Trial Protocol: Randomized Controlled Trial of Cancer Pain Monitoring System (CAPAMOS) in Patients with Advanced Cancer

Purpose: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) protocol was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Cancer Pain Monitoring System (CAPAMOS), a telenursing system designed to alleviate pain in ambulatory patients with advanced cancer. Methods: The study design involved a randomized controlled trial consisting of an intervention group using CAPAMOS and a control group that received usual care. At the time of enrollment, both groups will be given a questionnaire regarding issues, such as concerns related to cancer pain and self-management of opioid medication. Patients will then receive pain relief education based on the results of the questionnaire. Subjects in the control group will receive a pain diary and pain-relief pamphlet that acts as an educational tool. They could also call the outpatient clinic if they wanted to ask for a nursing consultation. The intervention group will be able to use CAPAMOS to manage their pain and receive video consultation with a telenurse, who is an oncology nursing specialist. Educational tools will be built into CAPAMOS. The study will be conducted for one month. The primary endpoint of this study was to calculate the Japanese Brief Pain Inventory score. The secondary endpoints were to assess the opioid medication self-management, Barriers Questionnaire, Japanese EuroQol 5-dimensions 5-level, and economic evaluation. Assessment items will be evaluated at registration and 2 and 4 weeks after registration. Conclusions: A RCT based on this protocol is expected to validate the efficacy of telenursing using CAPAMOS in patients with advanced cancer and pain.

The preferences and values of patients treated with acupuncture for cancer pain:a qualitative systematic review

Background:Understanding values and preferences in the context of personal,physical,emotional,relational,and social factors is important in optimizing cancer patient counselling,facilitating treatment decision-making,and improving guideline recommendations in treating cancer pain patients.Objective:To systematically review the available evidence regarding the values,preferences,and expectations of acupuncture for patients with cancer pain.Methods:A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)statement was conducted.Eight databases were searched without time limits for eligible studies up to April 26,2021.Reference lists of included articles were also searched manually and authors were contacted to inquire about other relevant papers.The quality of the studies was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skill Program Qualitative Appraisal Checklist(CASP)for studies.This research was registered on PROSPERO with number CRD42020213396.Results:A total of eight studies published in period from 2002 to 2020 were identified from 8 studies involving 2,835 patients.The number of participants in each study ranged from 76 to 706.The quality of the eight included studies was considered high as judged by the CASP tool.Safety is the main factor influencing patients'willingness and preference to accept acupuncture treatment.Human race,education,gender,and knowledge of acupuncture were potentially correlated with patients'preferences.Patients with moderate to severe pain were more likely to use acupuncture than those with mild pain.Conclusion:The preferences and values of patients with cancer pain to receive acupuncture treatment are mainly related to the safety of acupuncture,the degree of cancer pain and demographic characteristics.It is hoped that future high-quality studies could further confirm our conclusions.

闭环式管理模式对门诊癌痛患者的护理效果评价

目的探索闭环式管理模式对门诊癌痛患者的镇痛效果及可行性。方法收集2019年12月—2020年6月在江苏省肿瘤医院镇痛门诊首诊并使用阿片类药物(羟考酮缓释片)进行镇痛治疗的癌痛患者112例为研究对象。按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组56例,对照组给予常规管理;观察组接受闭环式管理模式,包括对患者首诊、复诊、定期随访、宣教、用药记录、指导等,同期疼痛门诊专科医师、药师、护士对患者制订个体化规范、合理、有效的镇痛方案及随诊计划,重点解决患者镇痛用药依从性,随诊反馈中存在的问题。两组患者均接受持续1个月的管理,记录并比较两组患者管理前后的服药依从率、数字评分量表(NRS)、爆发痛次数、疼痛控制满意程度,外周血β-内啡肽(β-EP)、前列腺素E-2(PGE-2)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、体质状况(KPS)评分,记录两组患者管理后对护理满意程度及管理期间发生的不良反应。结果管理前,两组患者的服药依从率、NRS、爆发痛次数、β-EP、PGE-2、ET-1、KPS评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);管理后,观察组患者的服药依从率、镇痛满意程度、β-EP、护理满意程度和KPS评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的NRS、PGE-2、ET-1和不良反应发生程度均低于对照组,爆发痛次数少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论闭环式管理模式可有效提升门诊癌痛患者服药依从,有效控制疼痛,改善患者体质。

规范化疼痛护理联合营养管理在晚期癌症患者中的应用

目的:探讨规范化疼痛护理联合营养管理在晚期癌症患者中的应用。方法:选取2020年1月—2022年1月于福建省泉州市第一医院放疗科进行姑息干预的晚期癌症患者100例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组、研究组,各50例。对照组实施常规护理,研究组则在常规护理的基础上进行规范化疼痛护理联合营养管理。对比两组数字分级评分法(NRS)评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,以及营养指标。结果:干预后,研究组NRS、SAS、SDS评分均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,研究组血红蛋白、白蛋白、血清总蛋白均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在癌症晚期患者中进行规范化疼痛护理联合营养管理能够有效缓解癌性癌痛,缓解焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高患者营养指标水平。

云南省某三甲医院肿瘤专科组护士癌痛管理认知现状调查

通过调查云南省某三甲医院肿瘤专科组护士的癌痛管理认知水平及癌痛管理实践水平现状,为癌痛规范化管理培训与实践提供理论依据。采用方便采样法,选取云南省某三甲医院肿瘤专科组护理人员47名,发放自行设计的癌痛知识及癌痛管理问卷进行调查。调查结果显示,肿瘤专科组护士癌痛管理知识相关问卷平均正确率为54.73%;该专科组护士中具备开展癌痛管理健康讲座能力者占比61.70%,目前已开展癌痛管理健康教育者占比59.57%。研究发现,云南省某三甲医院肿瘤专科组护士癌痛规范化管理相关知识知晓率低、癌痛护理开展现状不容乐观。今后应针对肿瘤专科组护士进行更加全面、系统的癌痛知识培训,强化护理人员癌痛规范化管理意识,提升肿瘤专科组护士癌痛管理水平。

癌痛规范化干预流程对肺癌患者疼痛及睡眠质量的效果研究

目的:探究使用癌痛规范化干预流程对肺癌患者疼痛及睡眠质量的效果。方法:选取2023年1月至2024年1月厦门大学附属第一医院肿瘤内科收治的肺癌患者80例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组患者使用常规护理,观察组患者使用癌痛规范化干预流程,使用视觉模拟量表(VAS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)比较2组患者护理前后疼痛情况、睡眠质量以及焦虑抑郁情况。结果:干预后,观察组VAS评分、PSQI评分、SAS评分、SDS评分低于对照组患者(P<0.05)。结论:对肺癌患者使用癌痛规范化干预流程可以减少患者疼痛,提高睡眠质量,降低焦虑抑郁情绪,值得推广。

规范化疼痛管理联合个性化饮食指导对食管癌术后患者疼痛程度和营养状态的影响

目的探讨规范化疼痛管理联合个性化饮食指导对食管癌术后患者的疼痛程度和营养状态的影响。方法选取2020年12月至2022年12月唐河县人民医院收治的90例食管癌术后患者,随机分为对照组和观察组各45例。对照组行常规护理,观察组给予个性化饮食指导联合规范化疼痛管理,分别比较两组病人在干预前后的疼痛程度、睡眠质量及营养状态。结果干预前,两组患者基线期疼痛程度、睡眠质量、营养水平比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后12 h、1 d、7 d的VAS评分显著低于对照组;观察组术后7 d的PSQI评分同样显著低于对照组;干预3个月后,观察组营养状态改善程度显著高于对照组的血清白蛋白[(38.50±4.75)VS(32.02±3.56),t=3.514,P<0.001]、血清转铁蛋白[(3.79±0.59)VS(3.33±0.63),t=2.755,P=0.012]。结论规范化疼痛管理联合个性化饮食指导可以有效改善食管癌术后患者的疼痛程度、睡眠质量及营养状态,从而提高患者术后的生活质量及远期预后。

疼痛管理联合优化护理干预在肝癌患者免疫治疗中的应用研究

目的:探讨疼痛管理联合优化护理干预在肝癌患者免疫治疗中的应用效果.方法:选取2020年2月至2022年5月在本院进行免疫治疗的85例肝癌患者为研究对象.依据护理干预措施,将其分为观察组(n=43,予以疼痛管理联合优化护理干预)和对照组(n=42,予以优化护理干预).比较两组疼痛视觉拟量表(VAS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、肝癌生活质量测定表(QLICP-LI)评分.结果:干预后,两组VAS评分均下降,并且观察组比对照组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组SDS、SAS评分均显著降低,并且观察组较对照组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组QLICP-LI评分均上升,并且观察组比对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:在肝癌免疫治疗患者中实施疼痛管理联合优质化护理干预,可有效降低患者疼痛感,改善心理消极情绪,提高生活质量.