Comparison and Performance Analysis of FACTs Controller in System Stability

In large inter connected power systems, inter-area oscillations are turned to be a severe problem. Hence inter-area oscillations cause severe problems like damage to generators, reduce the power transfer capability of transmission lines, increase wear and tear on network components, increase line losses etc. This paper is to maintain the stability of system by damping inter-area oscillations. Implementation of new equipment consists of high power electronics based technologies such as FACTs and proper controller design has become an essential to provide better damping performance than Power System Stabilizer (PSS). With development of Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS), remote signals have become as feedback signals to design Wide Area Damping Controller (WADC) for FACTs devices. In this work, POD is applied to both SVC and SSSC. Simulation studies are carried out in Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) environment to evaluate the effectiveness of the FACTs controller in a large area power system. Results show that extensive analysis of FACTs controller for improving stability of system.

Unified Residue Method for Design of Compact Wide-area Damping Controller Based on Power System Stabilizer

A wide-area damping controller(WADC)is effective in damping inter-area low-frequency oscillation(LFO),if the time delay in a wide-area control loop can be properly handled.In order to simplify the WADC design and enlarge the delay adaptation range,the classic power system stabilizer(PSS)is adopted,and a new unified residue(UR)method is proposed for compact WADC design.The strategy of control loop selection is also improved by modifying the relative residue index based on a few dominant oscillation modes.The designed PSSbased compact WADC is as simple as classic PSS with no more than two lead-lag phase compensation units.Case studies are carried out on an IEEE 16-machine 68-bus power system.Simulation results demonstrate that the control loop selection before the WADC design is necessary and that the proposed selection strategy can easily pick out the suitable candidate control loops.In addition,it is feasible for the UR method to design WADCs with different time delays in the selected control loops.All the designed WADCs are effective in damping inter-area LFO and robust to time delay variations under operation conditions.Comparisons among five design methods for PSS-based WADC show that the proposed UR method is superior in delay adaptation,the conciseness of WADC structure and computation speed of parameters.

Delay-dependent Wide-area Damping Controller Synthesis Approach Using Jensen’s Inequality and Evolution Algorithm

A time-delay-dependent wide-area damping controller synthesis approach,based on Jensen’s integral inequality and evolution algorithm,is developed to suppress the adverse effect of time delay on the supplemental control of high-voltage direct current(DC)transmission systems.Initially,the state-space model of hybrid AC/DC systems with time delay is derived and the delay-dependent criteria for the stability of the closed-loop system are provided based on Jensen’s integral inequality.Subsequently,initial solutions are randomly generated to overcome the difficulty of solving the nonlinear matrix inequality.Finally,the time-delay stability upper bound of the controller is optimized using the differential evolution algorithm.In comparison to popular time-delay stable controller design methods,such as the free-weighting-matrix approach,the proposed method based on output feedback realization requires fewer decision variables and is more suitable for large-scale hybrid AC/DC systems.Three examples are introduced to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

基于在线辨识的电力系统广域阻尼控制

提出了利用多路广域测量信号作为反馈量的新型电力系统广域阻尼控制(WADC)方法。首先,推导了基于改进Prony算法的动态降阶等值系统参数的辨识方法;利用该辨识方法对受控系统进行辨识,在辨识结果的基础上运用线性二次型方法设计WADC的参数。广域闭环控制必须考虑通信延迟的影响,文中利用线性矩阵不等式方法讨论了控制参数在时滞下的稳定性问题。MATLAB数值仿真验证了辨识方法的准确性。WADC的控制效果在36节点的多机系统中得到了仿真验证。结果证明,应用广域信号作为反馈的WADC可以更有效地阻尼区间低频振荡,同时提高了联络线的传送容量极限。

广域阻尼控制延迟特性分析及其多项式拟合补偿

基于广域测量系统(WAMS)的互联电网区间阻尼控制能够有效抑制区间低频振荡,提高互联系统的传输容量。采用远方反馈信号的广域阻尼控制系统需要解决的工程问题之一是研究数据传输过程中引入的延迟对控制性能的影响及其补偿方法。文中根据我国部分WAMS工程的通信延迟实测数据分析了WAMS延迟的特点,并针对广域阻尼控制设计了基于多项式拟合的预测方法补偿滞后的远方反馈信号。以一个典型的2区域4机系统为例研究了不同延迟条件对阻尼控制的影响和补偿效果。仿真表明:所提出的延迟补偿方法能够在一定延迟范围内有效地维持采用远方反馈信号的广域阻尼控制效果,为其工程应用奠定了基础。

并网型双馈式风力发电系统广域阻尼控制器设计

随着接入电力系统的风电规模越来越大,风电场发出的电能需要经过远距离输送到负荷中心。由于风电场输出功率的波动性及远距离输电等原因,大规模风电场接入互联电力系统后会面临不同区域电网间的低频振荡。为此,设计了广域阻尼控制器以有效抑制双馈风力发电系统并网带来的互联系统的低频振荡问题。首先,建立了大型双馈风力发电系统的小信号动态模型,该模型包括风力机及传动系统动态方程、异步发电机动态方程、变频器动态方程3个部分,具有一般性。以双馈式异步发电机(DFIG)转子侧变流器有功功率参考值为输入,然后,以互联电力系统区域间同步发电机功角差值为输出,通过系统辨识方法得到二者间的开环传递函数。最后在此基础上,利用极点配置方法,设计了双馈风力发电机的广域阻尼控制器。非线性时域仿真表明,配备了阻尼控制器的大规模风电场能够有效抑制互联系统的低频振荡,增加系统的阻尼。

山东电网广域阻尼控制系统设计与分析

针对山东电网,提出了一种广域控制系统的设计和分析步骤。首先,需要对山东电网进行振荡稳定分析;然后,用伪随机二元信号探测和预测误差方法对系统进行降阶辨识,根据降阶辨识得到的主模比和留数指标来分别选择反馈信号和控制器地点;最后,控制设计问题就转化为带约束的非线性规划,可对多个控制器参数进行协调和优化。用山东电网仿真数据对广域阻尼控制系统进行验证的同时,也分析了它对本地模式的影响。仿真结果表明,该方法在阻尼山东电网的区间振荡和提高传输容量上均有效。

基于相关辨识法的大型光伏电站广域阻尼控制器设计

针对含大型光伏电站的电力系统可能存在的区间低频振荡问题,提出基于相关辨识法的大型光伏电站广域阻尼控制器设计方法。首先采用基于伪随机信号的相关辨识法得到系统的开环传递函数。接着将TLS-ESPRIT法应用到主模比指标的计算中,并结合留数指标对阻尼控制器输入信号进行优选,然后采用极点配置的方法整定控制器参数。最后,在DIgSILENT/PowerFactory中搭建含光伏电站的两区域系统机电暂态模型,时域仿真结果表明:所提出的光伏广域阻尼控制器能够有效抑制系统区间低频振荡,提升了系统小干扰稳定性。

带时延补偿的模糊广域阻尼控制分析与设计

研究了存在网络通信时延的电力系统的广域阻尼控制问题。首先从理想传输情况出发,设计基于Mamdani方法的模糊逻辑广域阻尼控制器;然后考虑时延对控制效果的影响,在控制器中引入模糊输入,设计带时延补偿的模糊逻辑广域阻尼控制器。时延补偿增加了控制器设计的复杂性,因此在保证系统性能无显著降低的条件下,对其模糊规则数进行简化。以4机2区域测试系统为例,利用Matlab/SimPowerSystem和TrueTime进行仿真分析,结果表明,与模糊逻辑广域阻尼控制器和传统的广域阻尼控制器相比,所设计的具有时延补偿的模糊逻辑广域阻尼控制器能有效地抑制时延对系统稳定性造成的影响。

抗饱和广域时滞阻尼控制器参量Lyapunov设计策略

广域阻尼控制器能够有效阻尼区间低频振荡,但远方反馈信号的传输时延,是影响广域阻尼控制器阻尼效果甚至系统稳定的重要因素;另外,执行器饱和会导致控制器性能恶化甚至威胁系统稳定,因此通信时滞和执行器饱和都会影响阻尼控制器效果,该文在建立的电力系统线性化模型中同时考虑广域测量信号时滞和执行器饱和,并基于参量Lyapunov方法设计得到了一种新型的广域时滞阻尼抗饱和控制器,控制器控制律和参数值可以通过参量Lyapunov方程直接得到。改进10机39节点系统上的仿真,与基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方法设计控制器的控制效果进行对比,结果证实了所提控制器设计方法的有效性和优越性。

含多电压源型变换器型电力电子设备的互联电网广域阻尼控制

随着众多电压源型变换器型电力电子设备接入电力系统的渗透比逐步增加,形成了含多变流器的电力电子化互联电网.本文针对多电压源型变换器型变流器的无功调制特点,利用多变流器无功调制能力设计广域阻尼控制策略,为互联电网提供阻尼并抑制低频振荡.首先,对多电压源型变换器型变流器控制环节构成进行介绍,研究并构建了多电压源型变换器型变流器通用性模型;其次,分析了多变流器无功调制阻尼贡献机理;最后提出多变流器广域阻尼控制策略,利用多电压源型变换器型变流器无功环节的模糊控制来对互联电网功率振荡进行抑制.通过构建多电压源型变换器型变流器算例仿真,结果表明,该方法可为系统提供阻尼,有效抑制区域间振荡,增强电力系统的稳定性.