To resolve the impact of transient high frequency signals induced by lightning stroke on the travelling wave protection of transmission line, a novel identification algorithm is proposed. Using the characteristics of ...To resolve the impact of transient high frequency signals induced by lightning stroke on the travelling wave protection of transmission line, a novel identification algorithm is proposed. Using the characteristics of symmetric current wave-form induced by lightning stroke without causing fault and that of asymmetric current waveform generated by fault within a very short time interval, the waveform of transient current above and below time-axes are integrated respec-tively. First, through comparing the relative ratio of them with threshold value, the primary criterion identifying fault and lightning stroke is constructed;Secondly, to improve the reliability of discrimination between lightning stroke with and without causing fault, according to the difference of them, the secondary criterion is also defined. The simulation results and analysis demonstrate that the proposed integral criterions are valid and correct.展开更多
Correct detection and identification of single-phase to-ground faults not effectively grounded in distribution systems is a major challenge for protection engineers.This paper proposes a novel traveling wave based pro...Correct detection and identification of single-phase to-ground faults not effectively grounded in distribution systems is a major challenge for protection engineers.This paper proposes a novel traveling wave based protection method to solve this problem.The proposed method compares the polarities of current and voltage traveling waves measured immediately after the fault inception to determine the fault direction.Nuisance tripping is avoided by using the power frequency voltages detected on the busbar to inhibit operation.The power frequency voltages ensure that the system does not mal-operate due to noise and also provide discrimination for phase-to-phase and three-phase faults.The wavelet transform and modulus maxima theories are used to extract the polarity of traveling waves measured at the relaying point.The simulation studies demonstrate correct operation of protection,which is independent of fault distance,fault inception angle,fault path resistance,and the method used for neutral grounding.展开更多
As the increasing number of Phasor Measurement Units(PMUs) are deployed, wide area protection in power systems has been gaining interest. In particular, fault detection, fault classification and fault area estimation ...As the increasing number of Phasor Measurement Units(PMUs) are deployed, wide area protection in power systems has been gaining interest. In particular, fault detection, fault classification and fault area estimation are essential to reduce the damage of faults, and even prevent catastrophic cascades of failures. In this paper, we present a scheme for fault area estimation using PMUs and traveling wave theory. The purpose of this paper is to formulate a scheme for fault area estimation by calculating the approximate fault location based on traveling wave theory.This research has targeted at reliable operation of wide transmission system through the estimation of fault area.To verify the suggested scheme, the various simulations are performed in practical Korean power transmission system.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has a good performance with high accuracy for estimating fault area.展开更多
Traveling wave differential protection has the ability,in theory,to entirely eliminate the effects of distributed capacitive current,but it cannot be applied on series-capacitor-compensated lines directly.In this pape...Traveling wave differential protection has the ability,in theory,to entirely eliminate the effects of distributed capacitive current,but it cannot be applied on series-capacitor-compensated lines directly.In this paper,unbalanced output of conventional forward and reverse traveling wave differential currents under normal operating conditions and external faults was analyzed.A new type of traveling wave differential current was defined by combining forward and reverse traveling wave differential currents.Expressions of the defined differential current when internal and external faults occur were deduced.On this basis,a new principle of traveling wave module differential protection on series-capacitor-compensated lines was proposed,and characteristics of module differential current under different faults were analyzed.The priniciple is immune to line distributed capacity,series capacitor positions,and presence or absence of MOV breakovers.The validity of this scheme was verified by PSACD simulations.展开更多
不对称接地故障占所有线路故障的90%以上,接地距离保护在应对此类故障方面发挥了不可替代的作用。随着新能源高比例渗透,各种传统单端工频量保护性能显著下降已成为共识。基于故障分量线模和零模波速差的保护判据理论上仅需利用到故障...不对称接地故障占所有线路故障的90%以上,接地距离保护在应对此类故障方面发挥了不可替代的作用。随着新能源高比例渗透,各种传统单端工频量保护性能显著下降已成为共识。基于故障分量线模和零模波速差的保护判据理论上仅需利用到故障初始行波到达时刻信息,是一种原理简单可靠的单端量快速保护判据,已经在直流电网中成功实践。但在尝试将这类保护应用于交流电网时发现,受波头前陡较缓而难以精确定位波到时刻、依赖高采样率等诸多不利因素影响,存在过大的模糊判别区,除了特长线路外,对绝大部分线路几乎没有应用可行性。波到时刻的精准辨识是一个复杂的非线性问题,利用人工智能的方法进行辨识是一条可行的解决思路,对此,该文提出一种新的单端暂态量主保护判据。首先,分析波达时刻与波形关系,并指出这种关系能够采用机器学习来映射;其次,引入高斯过程回归(Gaussian process regression,GPR),在对初始行波数据进行预处理得到样本集后,输入GPR预测模型进行训练;然后,依据模型评估指标得到最优训练模型以输出高可信性的线-零模波达时差,据此实现了基于行波模量传输时间差的保护判据;最后,在利用PSCAD仿真验证所提保护判据有效性和普适性的基础上,进一步利用现场实测数据对判据进行测试,验证其实用性。该文工作为新能源交流系统下单端暂态量保护的性能提升提供新的解决思路。展开更多
针对目前柔性直流(voltage source converter-based high voltage DC,VSC-HVDC)电网的线路保护中存在的问题,提出一种基于双端初始电流行波(Initial current traveling wave,ICTW)时频矩阵相似度的柔性直流输电线路保护原理。首先,对柔...针对目前柔性直流(voltage source converter-based high voltage DC,VSC-HVDC)电网的线路保护中存在的问题,提出一种基于双端初始电流行波(Initial current traveling wave,ICTW)时频矩阵相似度的柔性直流输电线路保护原理。首先,对柔性直流电网在线路区内外故障下两端保护所在处ICTW的故障特性进行分析,总结出在特定时间窗内,区内故障下两端ICTW的频域相似度远高于区外故障。在此基础上,利用S变换对双端ICTW进行时频分析,建立时频矩阵,并对其做奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)。然后根据特征矩阵构造双端ICTW的相似度计算公式,以该相似度的大小判别线路区内外故障。另外,根据线路两端ICTW的高低频能量比识别雷击干扰。最后,各种故障情况下的仿真结果表明,该保护原理不依赖线路边界元件,可以保护不同长度线路的全长,具有更高的耐过渡电阻和抗噪声能力,并且能够满足柔性直流电网主保护的速动性要求。展开更多
文摘To resolve the impact of transient high frequency signals induced by lightning stroke on the travelling wave protection of transmission line, a novel identification algorithm is proposed. Using the characteristics of symmetric current wave-form induced by lightning stroke without causing fault and that of asymmetric current waveform generated by fault within a very short time interval, the waveform of transient current above and below time-axes are integrated respec-tively. First, through comparing the relative ratio of them with threshold value, the primary criterion identifying fault and lightning stroke is constructed;Secondly, to improve the reliability of discrimination between lightning stroke with and without causing fault, according to the difference of them, the secondary criterion is also defined. The simulation results and analysis demonstrate that the proposed integral criterions are valid and correct.
基金financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 50930072,51120175001,51477084in part by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant 3152016.
文摘Correct detection and identification of single-phase to-ground faults not effectively grounded in distribution systems is a major challenge for protection engineers.This paper proposes a novel traveling wave based protection method to solve this problem.The proposed method compares the polarities of current and voltage traveling waves measured immediately after the fault inception to determine the fault direction.Nuisance tripping is avoided by using the power frequency voltages detected on the busbar to inhibit operation.The power frequency voltages ensure that the system does not mal-operate due to noise and also provide discrimination for phase-to-phase and three-phase faults.The wavelet transform and modulus maxima theories are used to extract the polarity of traveling waves measured at the relaying point.The simulation studies demonstrate correct operation of protection,which is independent of fault distance,fault inception angle,fault path resistance,and the method used for neutral grounding.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIP)(No.2015R1A2A1A10052459)
文摘As the increasing number of Phasor Measurement Units(PMUs) are deployed, wide area protection in power systems has been gaining interest. In particular, fault detection, fault classification and fault area estimation are essential to reduce the damage of faults, and even prevent catastrophic cascades of failures. In this paper, we present a scheme for fault area estimation using PMUs and traveling wave theory. The purpose of this paper is to formulate a scheme for fault area estimation by calculating the approximate fault location based on traveling wave theory.This research has targeted at reliable operation of wide transmission system through the estimation of fault area.To verify the suggested scheme, the various simulations are performed in practical Korean power transmission system.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has a good performance with high accuracy for estimating fault area.
文摘Traveling wave differential protection has the ability,in theory,to entirely eliminate the effects of distributed capacitive current,but it cannot be applied on series-capacitor-compensated lines directly.In this paper,unbalanced output of conventional forward and reverse traveling wave differential currents under normal operating conditions and external faults was analyzed.A new type of traveling wave differential current was defined by combining forward and reverse traveling wave differential currents.Expressions of the defined differential current when internal and external faults occur were deduced.On this basis,a new principle of traveling wave module differential protection on series-capacitor-compensated lines was proposed,and characteristics of module differential current under different faults were analyzed.The priniciple is immune to line distributed capacity,series capacitor positions,and presence or absence of MOV breakovers.The validity of this scheme was verified by PSACD simulations.
文摘不对称接地故障占所有线路故障的90%以上,接地距离保护在应对此类故障方面发挥了不可替代的作用。随着新能源高比例渗透,各种传统单端工频量保护性能显著下降已成为共识。基于故障分量线模和零模波速差的保护判据理论上仅需利用到故障初始行波到达时刻信息,是一种原理简单可靠的单端量快速保护判据,已经在直流电网中成功实践。但在尝试将这类保护应用于交流电网时发现,受波头前陡较缓而难以精确定位波到时刻、依赖高采样率等诸多不利因素影响,存在过大的模糊判别区,除了特长线路外,对绝大部分线路几乎没有应用可行性。波到时刻的精准辨识是一个复杂的非线性问题,利用人工智能的方法进行辨识是一条可行的解决思路,对此,该文提出一种新的单端暂态量主保护判据。首先,分析波达时刻与波形关系,并指出这种关系能够采用机器学习来映射;其次,引入高斯过程回归(Gaussian process regression,GPR),在对初始行波数据进行预处理得到样本集后,输入GPR预测模型进行训练;然后,依据模型评估指标得到最优训练模型以输出高可信性的线-零模波达时差,据此实现了基于行波模量传输时间差的保护判据;最后,在利用PSCAD仿真验证所提保护判据有效性和普适性的基础上,进一步利用现场实测数据对判据进行测试,验证其实用性。该文工作为新能源交流系统下单端暂态量保护的性能提升提供新的解决思路。
文摘针对目前柔性直流(voltage source converter-based high voltage DC,VSC-HVDC)电网的线路保护中存在的问题,提出一种基于双端初始电流行波(Initial current traveling wave,ICTW)时频矩阵相似度的柔性直流输电线路保护原理。首先,对柔性直流电网在线路区内外故障下两端保护所在处ICTW的故障特性进行分析,总结出在特定时间窗内,区内故障下两端ICTW的频域相似度远高于区外故障。在此基础上,利用S变换对双端ICTW进行时频分析,建立时频矩阵,并对其做奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)。然后根据特征矩阵构造双端ICTW的相似度计算公式,以该相似度的大小判别线路区内外故障。另外,根据线路两端ICTW的高低频能量比识别雷击干扰。最后,各种故障情况下的仿真结果表明,该保护原理不依赖线路边界元件,可以保护不同长度线路的全长,具有更高的耐过渡电阻和抗噪声能力,并且能够满足柔性直流电网主保护的速动性要求。