At present, the method of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is not given in the "Standard for Inland River Navigation" (GB50139-2004) in China, and the bridge designer usually incre...At present, the method of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is not given in the "Standard for Inland River Navigation" (GB50139-2004) in China, and the bridge designer usually increases the bridge span in order to ensure the navigation safety, which increases both of the structural design difficulty and the project investments. Therefore, it is extremely essential to give a research on the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier. Through the experiments of the fixed bed and the mobile bed, the factors influencing the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier have been analyzed, such as the approaching flow speed, the water depth, the angles between the bridge pier and the flow direction, the sizes of bridge pier, the shapes of the bridge pier, and the scouring around the bridge pier, etc. Through applying the dimension analytic method to the measured data, the formula of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is then inferred.展开更多
We demonstrate an all-fiberized narrow-linewidth nanosecond amplifier with high peak power,tunable pulse width,and repetition rate.A fiber-coupled narrow-linewidth laser diode operating at 1064.1 nm is employed as the...We demonstrate an all-fiberized narrow-linewidth nanosecond amplifier with high peak power,tunable pulse width,and repetition rate.A fiber-coupled narrow-linewidth laser diode operating at 1064.1 nm is employed as the seed source,which is gain-switched to generate nanosecond pulses with tunable pulse widths of 1-200 ns and tunable repetition rates of10 Hz-100 kHz.By utilizing a very-large-mode-area Yb-doped fiber with a core diameter of 50 μm in the power amplifier,thresholds of the stimulated Brillouin scattering at different pulse widths and repetition rates are increased.The maximum average power reaches 30.8 W at the pulse width of 4 ns and a repetition rate of 100 kHz,corresponding to an optical-tooptical conversion efficiency of ~55.2%.Pulse energy and peak power are calculated to be 0.2 mJ and 50 kW,respectively,which are limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering.The 3-dB spectral linewidth remains around 0.05 nm during the power scaling process.The stimulated Brillouin scattering limited output powers at different pulse widths and repetition rates are investigated.Peak power of 47.5 kW(0.19 mJ) is obtained for the 4 ns pulses at a repetition rate of 50 kHz,which is nearly the same as that of 4 ns pulses at 100 kHz.When the pulse width of the seed source is increased to 8 ns,peak powers/pulse energies are decreased to 19.6 kW/0.11 mJ and 13.3 kW/0.08 mJ at repetition rates of 50 kHz and 100 kHz,respectively.展开更多
基金Supported by the West Waterway Transportation Construction Foundation under Grant No.2004-328-000-40.
文摘At present, the method of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is not given in the "Standard for Inland River Navigation" (GB50139-2004) in China, and the bridge designer usually increases the bridge span in order to ensure the navigation safety, which increases both of the structural design difficulty and the project investments. Therefore, it is extremely essential to give a research on the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier. Through the experiments of the fixed bed and the mobile bed, the factors influencing the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier have been analyzed, such as the approaching flow speed, the water depth, the angles between the bridge pier and the flow direction, the sizes of bridge pier, the shapes of the bridge pier, and the scouring around the bridge pier, etc. Through applying the dimension analytic method to the measured data, the formula of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is then inferred.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61675009)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Program, China,Scientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission, China (Grant No. KZ201910005006)
文摘We demonstrate an all-fiberized narrow-linewidth nanosecond amplifier with high peak power,tunable pulse width,and repetition rate.A fiber-coupled narrow-linewidth laser diode operating at 1064.1 nm is employed as the seed source,which is gain-switched to generate nanosecond pulses with tunable pulse widths of 1-200 ns and tunable repetition rates of10 Hz-100 kHz.By utilizing a very-large-mode-area Yb-doped fiber with a core diameter of 50 μm in the power amplifier,thresholds of the stimulated Brillouin scattering at different pulse widths and repetition rates are increased.The maximum average power reaches 30.8 W at the pulse width of 4 ns and a repetition rate of 100 kHz,corresponding to an optical-tooptical conversion efficiency of ~55.2%.Pulse energy and peak power are calculated to be 0.2 mJ and 50 kW,respectively,which are limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering.The 3-dB spectral linewidth remains around 0.05 nm during the power scaling process.The stimulated Brillouin scattering limited output powers at different pulse widths and repetition rates are investigated.Peak power of 47.5 kW(0.19 mJ) is obtained for the 4 ns pulses at a repetition rate of 50 kHz,which is nearly the same as that of 4 ns pulses at 100 kHz.When the pulse width of the seed source is increased to 8 ns,peak powers/pulse energies are decreased to 19.6 kW/0.11 mJ and 13.3 kW/0.08 mJ at repetition rates of 50 kHz and 100 kHz,respectively.
